1,720,962 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Aktivierung von CO2 und N2 an Nickel- und Mangan-basierten Metallkomplexen mit bidentaten N,N‘-Donorliganden
No full textFixierungsverfahren von N₂ und CO₂ zur Synthese chemischer Grundstoffe zeigen gegensätzliche industrielle Relevanz: Während CO₂ meist als Abfallprodukt gilt und seine Nutzung als C₁-Baustein kaum etabliert ist, ist die Reduktion von N₂ zu NH₃ im Haber-Bosch-Prozess global verankert, jedoch stark von fossilen Ressourcen abhängig. Für nachhaltige Verfahren werden selektive Katalysatoren benötigt, die N₂ und CO₂ unter milden Bedingungen aktivieren – Voraussetzung ist ein tiefes Verständnis ihrer Aktivierung. Diese Arbeit untersucht daher die Aktivierung beider Moleküle an Metallkomplexen. Der Schwerpunkt liegt auf der CO₂-Aktivierung an β-Diketiminato-Nickelkomplexen. Aufbauend auf Vorarbeiten zur Synthese von Nickel(II)-Carbonit-Komplexen wurde deren Reaktivität gegenüber Lewis-sauren Bindungspartnern systematisch untersucht. Ziel war die Nachbildung des enzymatischen Zustands Cred₂–CO₂ der [Ni,Fe]-CODH. Über drei Teilprojekte wurden heterobimetallische [Ni,M]-Carbonite (M = Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Co, Zn) synthetisiert. Der [Ni,Fe]-Vertreter erwies sich als strukturelles und funktionelles Modell des enzymatischen Intermediats und ermöglichte erstmals detaillierte Reaktivitätsstudien. Dabei zeigte sich: Übergangsmetalle senken das Reduktionspotenzial der [Ni-CO₂]-Einheit, erhöhen jedoch deren Neigung zur C–O-Bindungsspaltung – ein möglicher Grund für den Einsatz von Fe(II) im natürlichen Enzym. In einem weiteren Teilprojekt wurde die Bildung von Oxalat untersucht. Dabei konnte ein homobimetallisches [Ni,Ni]-Carbonit als Intermediat identifiziert werden, das im Kontakt mit CO₂ neue C–C-Bindungen bilden kann. Der zweite Teil behandelt die N₂-Aktivierung an Mangankomplexen. Während β-Diketiminato-Mn(I)-Dimere N₂ nicht binden, ermöglichen neu entwickelte, sterisch anspruchsvolle Xanthen-basierte Diamido-Liganden die Bildung monomerer Mn(I)-Zentren, die N₂ aktivieren können. In Abwesenheit von N₂ zeigen sie zudem oxidative Additionen an aromatische C–H-Bindungen.Fixation processes of N₂ and CO₂ for the synthesis of basic chemical compounds exhibit contrasting industrial relevance: while CO₂ is mostly regarded as a waste product and its utilization as a C₁ building block remains scarcely established, the reduction of N₂ to NH₃ in the Haber–Bosch process is globally implemented but still dependent on fossil resources. For sustainable processes, selective catalysts are required that can activate N₂ and CO₂ under mild conditions – which, however, presupposes a deep understanding of their activation. This work therefore investigates the activation of both molecules by metal complexes. The focus lies on CO₂ activation at β-diketiminato nickel complexes. Building on previous studies on the synthesis of nickel(II) carbonite complexes, their reactivity toward Lewis-acidic binding partners was systematically investigated. The goal was to model the enzymatic state Cred₂–CO₂ of [Ni,Fe]-CODH. Through three subprojects, heterobimetallic [Ni,M] carbonite complexes (M = Li, Na, K, Mg, Ca, Fe, Co, Zn) were synthesised. The [Ni,Fe] derivative proved to be a structural and functional model of the enzymatic intermediate and, for the first time, enabled detailed reactivity studies. It was found that transition metals lower the reduction potential of the [Ni–CO₂] unit but increase its tendency toward C–O bond cleavage – a possible rationale for the use of Fe(II) in the natural enzyme. In another subproject, the formation of oxalate was investigated, in which a homobimetallic [Ni,Ni] carbonite was identified as an intermediate. Upon contact with CO₂, this species can form new C–C bonds. The second part of this work deals with N₂ activation at manganese complexes. While β-diketiminato Mn(I) dimers do not bind N₂, newly developed, sterically demanding xanthene-based diamido ligands enable the formation of monomeric Mn(I) centers capable of N₂ activation. In the absence of N₂, these species also undergo oxidative addition to aromatic C–H bonds
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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