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KARAKTERISTIK PENCEMARAN UDARA DI PLTGU UJI3-I TAMBAK LOROK SEMARANG ( Studi kasus Pencemaran SO2 dan Partikel Debu )
Get PDFThe location of Gas and Steam Power Plant (GSPP) Capacity Network Unit (CNU) I Tambak lorok Semarang is in administratif area of Bandarharjo district, subdistrict of North Semarang , Semarang City, and Central Java. The area is abaut 10.3773 Ha. With boundary some assemble 1). The Northern area is adjacent to Java Sea, 2). The Eastern is to pound community area of Tanging Mas district, 3). The Southern is to community area of Kemijen district, and 4).The western is to Tanjung Mas Harbour. The question is how is the distribution of the pollution of disposal gas emission and the prediction / Model will be used to control the air pollution. Air pollution is some substances or other component which can cause the decreasing of environmental quality so that the component will loss it is function.
The are methodology for primary data Gaussian counting and direct measurement as primary and secondary data to get the ambient of air pollution every three months.
The aim of are research, 1). Knowing the emission, and the ambient of air quality. 2). Looking for the exact model to control the pollution of disposal emission gas in the Gas ang Steam Power Plant Capacity Network Unit I Tambak lorok Semarang. The result of is the knowing research the different between Gaussian Model and direct the measurement both in location I and II. The result has been analyser is using data analysis, and the result is independent. The characteristic of SO2 can easily reacted with the air, the cause acid rain and dust particle that have pollutant named aerosol which is blowed with the wind quite far from the Gas and Steam Power Plant Capacity Network Unit I Tambak lorok Semarang. Mean while electricity production from the Steam Power Plant (SPP) is 730 — 10.10 MWatt/day that using 229.162 It/day until 2.361.051 It/day fuel diesel, and from the Gas Power Plant (GPP) is 9.561,500- 10.011,650 MWatt/day with gas disposal emission which are SO2 = 1,8 % Wt 1.116,112 pg/Nm3 day and dust particle 542,209 pig/Nm3 day in 300 meter and SO2 = 1,8 % Wt 975,976 tig/Nm3day and dust particle 542,209 pg/Nm3 day in 700 meter for stability A. From the measurement with Gaussian Model using equation (3) as SO2 characteristic and dust particle are very little from the demand of fossil fuel (diesel fuel and MFO) is the contribution for pollution that cause the decreasing of ambient air quality surrounding the location of the activity.
Pembangkit Listrik Tenaga Gas dan Uap (PLTGU) Unit Jaringan Beban (UJB) I Tambak lorok Semarang terletak di Wilayah Administratif Kel.Bandarharjo, Kec. Semarang Utara, Kota Semarang, Propinsi Jawa Tengah, yang menetapi luas area 10,3773 Ha. Dengan batas sebagai berikut : 1). Sebelah Utara : Laut Jawa, 2). Sebelah Timur : Pertambakan dan Permukiman Penduduk Kelurahan Tanjung Mas, 3).Sebelah Selatan : Pemukiman Penduduk Kelurahan Kemijen, 4).Sebelah Barat : Pelabuhan Tanjung Mas. Permasalahan yaitu Bagaimana Distribusi Pencemaran Emisi Gas Buang dan Prediksi / Model yang akan digunakan untuk mengendalikan Pencemaran Udara. Pencemaran udara adalah sesuatu yang berwujud Zat atau komponen lain yang dapat menurunkan kualitas lingkungan yang menyebabkan lingkungan menjadi kurang atau tidak dapat berfungsi sesuai dengan peruntukannya (UU No.27/1997).
Metodelogi yang digunakan adalah menghitung data primer secara Model Gaussian dan pengukuran langsung sebagai Data primer dan Data Sekunder untuk mengetahui tingkat pencemaran udara ambien setiap Triwulan.
Penelitian ini bertujuan : 1). Mengetahui tingkat pencemaran udara emisi gas buang kualitas udara ambien. 2). Mencari modeling yang tepat untuk mengendalian pencemaran emisi gas buang di PLTGU UJB I Tambak lorok Semarang. Dari hasil penelitian telah mendapatkan hasil perbedaan Model Gaussian dan pengukuran langsung baik lokasi I dan Lokasi II, hasilnya dianalisis dengan Analisis data hasilnya tidak saling mempengaruhi Karakteristik SO2 mudah berekasi dengan udara bebas, selanjutnya menyebabkan Hujan Asam dan Partikel Debu mempunyai ciri sebagai pencemar berupa aerosol yang terikut oleh angin sampai tempat yang jauh dari sumber pencemar yaitu PLTGU UJB I Tambak lorok Semarang. Sedangkan produksi listrik dari PLTU sebesar 730 s/d 1010 MWatt/hari yang menghabiskan bahan bakar solar sebanyak 229.162 Whari s/d 2.361.051 lt/hari, Untuk PLTG sebesar 9.561,500 s/d 10.011,650 MWatt/hari dan mengeluarkan limbah emisi gas buang berupa partikel SO2 = 1,8 % Wt sebesar 1.116,112 lig/Nm3hari dan Partikel Debu = 1,0 % Wt sebesar 620,062 pg/Nm3hari pada jarak 300 meter, dan jarak 700 meter SO2 sebesar 975,976 gg/Nm3hari dan Partikel Debu sebesar 542,209 ii,g/Nm3hari untuk stabilitas A. Dari hasil perhitungan Model Gaussian menggunakan persamaan (3), sebagai karakteristik SO2 dan Partikel Debu sangat kecil bila di tinjau dari kebutuhan bahan bakar fosil ( Solar dan MFO) ini merupakan sebagai konstribusi pencemar udara dimana akan terjadi penurunan kualitas udara ambien disekitar lokasi kegiatan
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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