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Julia Ledóchowska and the Act of 5 November 1916
No full textCelem artykułu jest ukazanie działalności matki Urszuli (Julii) Ledóchowskiej w sztokholmskim Komitecie Polskim Pośredniczącym (Polska förmedlingskommitten), powołanym w połowie marca 1916 r. w momencie ogłoszenia Aktu 5 listopada 1916 r., oraz reakcji szwedzkiej Polonii na ten wydany w imieniu cesarzy Niemiec i Austro-Węgier manifest, głoszący powołanie niepodległego Królestwa Polskiego. Autor przedstawia wachlarz nastrojów wśród polonijnych działaczy w Sztohkolmie oraz tamtejszych polityków z racji możliwego odrodzenia Polski, z czołową rolą matki Ledóchowskiej, wiceprezes Komitetu Polskiego w Sztokholmie. Przedstawione zostały artykuły ukazujące się w szwedzkiej prasie, obrazujące oddźwięk szwedzkich i polonijnych środowisk wobec nowej polityki państw centralnych: będące wynikiem działań propagandowych, mających pozyskać przychylność opinii publicznej wobec nowej polityki państw centralnych, dotyczące rozważania na temat jej spodziewanych pozytywnych i negatywnych skutków, jak też przyszłego losu Polski. Autor opisuje również obawy przed utworzeniem armii polskiej z ramienia państw centralnych. W artykule wykorzystane zostały przede wszystkim raporty delegata Departamentu Wojskowego Naczelnego Komitetu Narodowego w Sztokholmie Stanisława Wędkiewicza do centrali w Krakowie, a także listy matki Urszuli Ledóchowskiej, której opinia miała duże znaczenie dla sposobu postrzegania Aktu 5 listopada przez szwedzką Polonię.The aim of the article is to present the activity of Mother Urszula (Julia) Ledóchowska in Stockholm’s Polish Agency Committee (Polska förmedlingskommitten), established in mid-March 1916 at the time of the announcement of the Act of 5 November 1916, as well as the reaction of the Polish community living in Sweden to this manifesto, issued on behalf of the Emperors of Germany and Austria-Hungary and proclaiming the establishment of the independent Polish Kingdom. The author presents a range of attitudes among Polish activists in Stockholm and local politicians to the possible rebirth of Poland, with the leading role of Mother Ledóchowska, Vice-President of the Polish Committee in Stockholm. The author discusses Swedish press articles illustrating the resonance of the Swedish and Polish community to the new policy of the central states, which was a result of the propaganda aimed at winning the favour of public opinion for the new policy of the central states, also considering its expected positive and negative effects, as well as the future fate of Poland. The author also describes the fear of creating a Polish army on behalf of the central states. The article analyses reports of the delegate of the Military Department of the Supreme National Committee in Stockholm, Stanisław Wędkiewicz, to the headquarters in Kraków, as well as letters written by Mother Urszula Ledóchowska, whose opinion was of great importance, shaping the way in which the Act of 5 November was perceived by the Polish community in Sweden
The Origins of the Polish Committee in Stockholm during the First World War
No full textThe aim of the article is to present the origins of the Polish Committee in Stockholm during the First World War. The author verifies all the findings that researchers in this field have made so far. Józefa Ledóchowska, an Ursuline nun, stated that the Polish Committee in Stockholm was established on the initiative of Aleksander Lednicki, President of the Council of Polish Organisation Congresses for War Victims and the Polish Committee in Moscow. Andrzej Nils Uggla presented a different view on the origins of the Stockholm Committee. He argued that the organization was established on the initiative of Polish emigration in Sweden, which originated from the descendants of emigrants who came to this country after the January Uprising, supported by national democrats. The above-mentioned researchers did not present the sources on which they based their findings. Based on primary sources stored in Swedish and Polish archives, as well as Swedish and Polish press, the author of the article confronted both aforementioned claims. A detailed analysis of the above-mentioned primary sources allowed to determine that the initiative to establish the Polish Committee in the Swedish capital was taken during the mission of Józef Evert, Vice-President of the Polish Committee in Moscow, who went to Stockholm. The mission took place at the end of November and beginning of December 1915. In Stockholm, Evert met the representatives of the ‘old emigration’, as well as the ‘new emigration’ caused by the First World War. The talks resulted in an offer made by Evert to allocate a certain amount of money from the funds of aid organizations operating in Russia to a charity to be established in Sweden. The goal of this new organisation was to help the Poles living in Sweden regardless of their citizenship
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Synthesis and application of new olefin metathesis catalysts
No full textWydział Biologiczno-Chemiczny. Instytut Chemii.Metateza olefin jest katalitycznym procesem wymiany wiązań podwójnych pomiędzy atomami węgla. W pracy przedstawiona została synteza oraz zbadany został profil aplikacyjny 7 nowych katalizatorów typu Hoveydy II. Pięć z nich zawierało w części benzylidenowej fragment 6-hydroksychromano- i 2H 3,4-chromenometylidenowy. Układy te wchodzą w skład struktury tokoferoli, w których występują specyficzne efekty stereoelektronowe warunkujące wysoką aktywność biologiczną witaminy E. Dwa pozostałe katalizatory zmodyfikowane zostały w obrębie N-heterocyklicznego karbenu, poprzez wprowadzenie w strukturę NHC fragmentu eteru koronowego. Łańcuch ten miałby stanowić osłonę steryczną aktywnego centrum katalizatora i wymuszać cis-orientację podstawników alkilowych przy tworzącym się na etapie przejściowym rutenacyklobutanie (powstawanie Z-izomeru). Nowe katalizatory zostały zbadane w reakcjach cyklizacji metatetycznej, metatezy krzyżowej i enyn. Uzyskane wydajności w wielu przypadkach były wyższe od tych osiąganych przy zastosowaniu katalizatorów handlowo dostępnych. Stosunek izomerów E/Z w utworzonych z użyciem nowych kompleksów alkenach był zbliżony do tych otrzymanych z wykorzystaniem znanych. Nowe katalizatory zostały z powodzeniem zastosowane w syntezie glikokoniugatu tokoferolu zawierającego pięciowęglowy nienasycony łańcuch, łączący α tokoferol z resztą cukrową. W pracy przedstawiona została również wydajna synteza katalizatora Hoveydy II generacji wychodząc z chlorku rutenu(III). Nie wymaga ona wyspecjalizowanej aparatury ani drogich, niebezpiecznych substratów
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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