104,727 research outputs found
Lydia H. Hart Diary
No full textDiary, 1823-1830, 1875 and loose papers 1813, 1831, and undated of Lydia H. Hart of Richmond, Virginia and later Walden, Orange County, New York. The Diary was started by Lydia H. Hart, the wife of Reverend William H. Hart, who was the rector of St. John’s Church in Richmond, VA and later St. Andrews Church in Walden, New York. Diary entries include day-to-day activities and meetings with local neighbors and church patron’s. These neighbors included Elizabeth Van Lew and her parents, which Lydia Hart writes about several times. Most dated entries also include discussion of specific bible verses or Rev. Hart’s sermons. Notable entries include a description of the funeral service for Rev. John Buchanan, former rector of St. John’s Church from 1795 to 1822. Diary entries are chronological and more frequent for 1823 and become less frequent in 1823. In 1828, Lydia Hart moved to New York and eventually to Walden, New York in May 1830.At the end of the diary entries is an entry form another author, possibly by Mary. W. Hart dated 1875. Lydia Hart died in 1831 and could not have made the entry.At the back of the diary and upside down to the diary entries are transcriptions of letters and poems of Lydia Hart’s to various newspapers and and personnel correspondence. Entries include a plea for support to the city of Richmond to take care of its ‘destitute children’, letters to the editor of local newspapers, and poems for the birth of a child or death of a patron.Loose papers include a letter dated Jan 8th 1813, a bequeath request from William H. Hart for the placement of a Tombstone for Lydia Hart, a table of contents for various letters or sermons, a letter from William Hart to a friend from Richmond, and 2 loose undated papers of unknown authorship. The letter from William Hart speaks of the events of Lydia’s death, and inquiries about events taking place in Richmond
Contribution of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in Country’S H-Index
No full textThe aim of this study is to examine the effect of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) development on country’s scientific ranking as measured by H-index. Moreover, this study applies ICT development sub-indices including ICT Use, ICT Access and ICT skill to find the distinct effect of these sub-indices on country’s H-index. To this purpose, required data for the panel of 14 Middle East countries over the period 1995 to 2009 is collected. Findings of the current study show that ICT development increases the H-index of the sample countries. The results also indicate that ICT Use and ICT Skill sub-indices positively contribute to higher H-index but the effect of ICT access on country’s H-index is not clear
A comparative study of the Finnish 4-H organization and the Wisconsin 4-H organization
No full textPlan BThe education of today’s youth, tomorrow’s future, is the focus of the 4-H organization. The aim of the 4-H program is to develop life skills in youth using hands-on learning. 4-H began in the heartland of America in the early 1900’s and soon stretched around the globe. 4-H or a partner organization of 4-H can be found in over 63 countries in the world (V. Gobeli, personal communication, February 25, 2002). The programming, structure, and principles of 4-H programs around the world are all based on the program that began in the United States, but the methods used are different in every country. It is even different among states in the United States. Each program has unique ideas used in the education of youth, but little communication exists to share these ideas among countries. The purpose of this study is to compare another country’s 4-H program to the program that has been long established in Wisconsin. The goal of the study is to show the similarities and difference of two programs that have been created using the same theme, “learning by doing.” Due to the scope of this research, the researcher chose to look only at one country. The country of Finland was chosen for comparison because of its location, similar structure, and its well-established example of European youth programming. The researcher looked at the history of the two programs to help establish the similarities and difference that might exist. The Finnish 4-H Federation began after two men visited the United States and observed the success of club work administered by the United States Department of Agriculture. The program ideas were changed to fit the needs of the Finnish people, with the key concept of life skill development remaining the same. The researcher also found that many articles have been written to show an importance in international programming and international travel. The research was done using ethnographic research along with a qualitative written survey and various interviews. The written survey was used to gain basic information before ethnographic research began. The research revealed that although the programs have the same basic goal, the two programs are very different. The largest differences were seen in projects offered, staff roles, leaders participation, and competition. It was found that both 4-H programs contained ideas of superior quality. If these ideas were shared, it could help to improve the program in the other country. The research not only compared the two programs, but also recommended further programs or studies that could be established based on the research performed
First description of algal mutualistic endosymbiosis in a black coral (Anthozoa: Antipatharia)
No full textThe class Anthozoa is the largest metazoan group forming mutualistic symbioses with microalgae. These algal symbionts (most commonly dinoflagellates of the genus
) are distributed across most anthozoan orders. Records of algal cells in antipatharian (black coral) tissues have been reported, but no detailed descriptions of a mutualistic endosymbiosis exist. Here we report on zooxanthellate specimens of an unidentified black coral species within the genus
that were collected from reef slopes at depths of 15 to 38 m in the Indonesian Archipelago. Symbionts were abundant (~10⁷ symbionts cm
) and ultrastructural analysis revealed the presence of a distinct symbiosome surrounding the algae, as well as algal reproduction inside the gastrodermal layer. Molecular analysis revealed the algae to be closely related to the symbionts (
clade G) of clionid sponges. There was also evidence for additional symbionts in clade C at low abundance. Taken together, these findings (high abundance, taxonomic identity, presence of symbiosome,
reproduction, and depth distribution) strongly suggest that these algae are functioning as mutualists. This study confirms and describes the symbiosis between
and a black coral species of the genus
, supports the pervasiveness of mutualisms among anthozoan taxa, and highlights the diversity and flexibility of these symbiotic associations in a poorly studied group
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