1,720,976 research outputs found
El afroporteño en la historiografía argentina: Algunas consideraciones críticas
Full text linkFil: Windus, Astrid. Universidad de Hamburgo
Conocimiento, poder y transformación digital en América Latina
Full text linkEl manejo de los recursos asociados al conocimiento es uno de los temas más controvertidos y discutidos de nuestro tiempo. Los debates y conflictos globales sobre el aprovechamiento, la transferencia, la monopolización, la democratización y la diversificación de los saberes siempre están vinculados con cuestiones de poder social, político y económico. Las nuevas tecnologías y los nuevos formatos mediáticos permiten, por un lado, un mejor acceso al conocimiento como recurso y, por tanto, un mayor grado de participación política y social de sectores más amplios de la población. Al mismo tiempo, la valorización de conocimientos por parte de las corporaciones globales, por ejemplo, a través de la adquisición, a veces ilegal, de datos o el reclamo y la imposición de derechos de propiedad intelectual, promueve la formación de monopolios de saber que sirven a fines comerciales y exacerban las desigualdades sociales. Además, la diversidad cultural y lingüística de América Latina obliga a un cuestionamiento fundamental de las epistemologías eurocéntricas y a una reflexión general sobre las dimensiones culturales de la producción, la transformación y el almacenamiento del conocimiento y sobre la transformación digital.
Las contribuciones a este volumen abordan desde distintas perspectivas disciplinarias y nacionales los procesos de producción, transformación y almacenamiento del conocimiento en América Latina. Se toman en cuenta sus múltiples articulaciones y las dinámicas de la producción de saberes en contextos coloniales y postcoloniales. El volumen representa una importante contribución a los debates globales sobre la interacción entre conocimiento, poder y transformación digital
Contact at the altar. Ecclesiastical Silverworks as a medium of transfer of meaning in Bolivia, 17th – 18th centuries
No full textDie vorliegende Arbeit hat die Interpretation von Abbildungen auf kirchlichen Silberobjekten aus dem bolivianischen Altiplano des 17. und 18. Jahrhunderts zum Gegenstand der wissenschaftlichen Untersuchung und verfolgt einen interdisziplinären Ansatz. Untersucht wurde die transkulturelle Funktion kirchlicher Silberarbeiten im Rahmen der Christianisierung der indigenen Bevölkerung. Sie zeigt die Bedeutung der Objekte und der materiellen Kultur in der religiösen Kommunikation während der Kolonialzeit in der südlichen Andenregion. Die kirchlichen Silberarbeiten erzeugen ihre Bedeutung als transkulturelle Medien nicht nur durch ihre Ikongraphie, sondern auch durch Zuschreibungen an das Material. Diese oftmals unsichtbaren Zuschreibungen sind Teil des Wissens und der Erinnerungen der indigenen und europäischen Bevölkerung.The analysis will show the importance of artefacts and of “material culture” in the case of religious communication in the Andes during colonial times. It investigates the transcultural function of ecclesiastic silver objects as a part of the conversion of the indigenous population. The objects produced their meaning as transcultural media not only through iconography, but also due to allocations to their material. These allocations were very often invisible, but part of knowledge and memories of indigenous and European people. The perception of the information that was communicated by the objects was more a sensory one than cognitive. The approach to use allocations to the material as well as iconography opens new ways of interpreting material cultu
The Andean Parish: Microhistory and Material Culture. Carangas and Altos de Arica, 1720–1820
Full text linkDiese Studie untersucht die materiellen und performativen Ausdrucksformen des andinen Katholizismus im letzten Jahrhundert der Kolonialzeit. Ausgehend von einer mikrohistorischen Analyse von sechs indigenen Pfarreien in den Altos de Arica (Chile) und Carangas (Bolivien) – Belén, Codpa, Corquemarca, Andamarca, Huachacalla und Curahuara de Carangas – werden Kirchen analysiert, die in sakralen Landschaften errichtet und in einen kirchenrechtlichen Rahmen eingebettet wurden. Betrachtet werden zudem liturgische Objekte, Mobiliar und Bildwerke sowie die Ämter, Dienste und Feste, die sich um diese Tempel gruppieren.
Die Pfarreien, verstanden als „soziopolitische Einheiten“ (Ramos 2016), ermöglichen eine Untersuchung des komplexen Geflechts von Machtverhältnissen, Identitätskonstruktionen sowie Spannungen und Formen wechselseitiger Anerkennung zwischen den historischen Akteuren, die diese Räume bewohnten. Die Vielzahl von im 18. Jahrhundert errichteten Kirchen und Kapellen sowie die mit ihrer Ausstattung verbundene künstlerische Investition werfen zentrale Fragen zur lokalen Religiosität in den Anden und zum Verhältnis zwischen indigenen Gläubigen und der kirchlichen Institution auf.
Die Untersuchung umfasst einen weiten Zeitraum vom späten 17. bis zum späten 19. Jahrhundert, mit einem Schwerpunkt auf den Jahren 1720 bis 1820 – einer Phase tiefgreifender Umbrüche im Vizekönigreich Peru: demografisches Wachstum, bourbonische Reformen, episkopaler Reformismus und wachsender sozialer Unmut, der in die indigenen Aufstände der 1770er- und 1780er-Jahre sowie in die Unabhängigkeitskriege mündete. Die methodische Herangehensweise kombiniert eine mikrohistorische Perspektive mit vergleichenden Fallstudien und verknüpft schriftliche, visuelle und materielle Quellen.
Die Analyse macht die enge Verflechtung religiöser und ökonomischer Praktiken in der hispanoamerikanischen Welt sichtbar – ein Zusammenhang, der bislang in der andinen Historiografie wenig Beachtung gefunden hat. Um diese Forschungslücke zu schließen, wird der lokale Katholizismus als kreativer und transkultureller Prozess verstanden, dessen religiöse Mechanismen neue kollektive Identitäten stärkten und die indigenen Gemeinschaften tiefer in die kolonialen Dynamiken integrierten. Dieser Prozess war geprägt von Spannungen, Aushandlungen und gegenseitigen Einflüssen zwischen Priestern, indios principales (Mitglieder der indigenen Führungselite) und der breiten Gläubigenschaft. Zwei übergreifende Ergebnisse treten hervor und fungieren als interpretative Schlüssel dieses Forschungsansatzes: zum einen das dialogische Verhältnis zwischen dem Lokalen und dem Fremden, zum anderen die wechselseitige Verflechtung religiöser Praktiken mit lokalen Ökonomien.This study investigates the material and performative manifestations of Andean Catholicism during the last century of Spanish rule. Based on the microhistory of six indigenous parishes in the Altos de Arica (Chile) and Carangas (Bolivia) -Belén, Codpa, Corquemarca, Andamarca, Huachacalla and Curahuara de Carangas-, it analyzes the churches built in the sacred topography of the Andes within the ecclesiastical jurisdictional framework, as well as the liturgical objects, furniture and images that composed them, and the offices, offices and festivities organized around the temples.
The parishes, understood as “sociopolitical units” (Ramos 2016), allow us to analyze the complex intertwining between power relations, construction of identities, and the tensions and reciprocities between the historical subjects that inhabited them. The vast number of churches and chapels built in the eighteenth century, together with the artistic investment they implied, raises questions about local religiosity in the Andes and the relationships between indigenous parishioners and the ecclesiastical institution.
The study covers a broad time span, from the end of the 17th century to the mid-19th century, with emphasis on the period between 1720 and 1820, a period marked by profound transformations in the Viceroyalty of Peru: demographic growth, Bourbon reforms, episcopal reformism and the growing social discontent that led to the indigenous uprisings of the 1770s and 1780s, and later to the wars of independence. The methodology adopts a comparative microhistorical approach, which crosses written, visual and material sources, and establishes contrasts between parishes, provinces and historical moments.
The analysis reveals the interaction between religious and economic practices in Hispanic America, a link so far scarcely explored as a historiographical object. To address this gap, I examine local Catholicism as a creative, cross-cultural process whose religious mechanisms strengthened new collective identities and integrated indigenous communities more fully into viceregal dynamics. As a result of tensions, negotiations and reciprocal influences between priests, indios principales (members of the indigenous ruling elite) and the common parishioners, two general results emerge as key interpretations of the study: on the one hand, the dialogical relationship between the local and the foreign; on the other, the interrelationship between religious practices and local economies.
The results of this research contribute to the cultural history of the Viceroyalty of Peru by refining the characteristics of cross-cultural religiosity in the rural Andes. I highlight, finally, other relevant contributions: 1) The rescue and enhancement of several pieces of documentation that were hitherto unknown or scarcely investigated; 2) The creation of several analytical tables that will be of great value to historians of the period, including demographic and economic analyses; 3) The identification of historical subjects emphasizing in several cases the subaltern agencies behind the material decisions of the churches; 4) Finally, the integrated analysis of a great diversity of sources that favored the comparison of two neighboring jurisdictions, connecting an intertwined binational history of Bolivia and Chile that still has much potential for future research
Ecclesiastical Control and Religious Communication in the Colonial Andes : The Episcopal Visitation of the Rural Parishes in the Diocese of La Paz (17th-18th Centuries)
No full textConocimiento, poder y transformación digital en América Latina
No full textThe management of resources associated with knowledge is one of the most controversial and discussed topics of our time. Global debates and conflicts about the use, transfer, monopolization, democratization and diversification of knowledge are always linked to issues of social, political and economic power. New technologies and new media formats allow, on the one hand, better access to knowledge as a resource and, therefore, a greater degree of political and social participation by broader sectors of the population. At the same time, the valorization of knowledge by global corporations, for example through the sometimes illegal acquisition of data or the claim and enforcement of intellectual property rights, promotes the formation of knowledge monopolies that They serve commercial purposes and exacerbate social inequalities. Furthermore, the cultural and linguistic diversity of Latin America forces a fundamental questioning of Eurocentric epistemologies and a general reflection on the cultural dimensions of the production, transformation and storage of knowledge and on digital transformation. The contributions to this volume address the processes of production, transformation and storage of knowledge in Latin America from different disciplinary and national perspectives. Its multiple articulations and the dynamics of knowledge production in colonial and postcolonial contexts are taken into account. The volume represents an important contribution to global debates on the interaction between knowledge, power and digital transformatio
Eine religiöse Begegnung zwischen Ost und West: Vivekanandas Präsentation des Hinduismus auf dem "Weltparlament der Religionen" 1893
No full textConocimiento, poder y transformación digital en América Latina
Full text linkThe management of resources associated with knowledge is one of the most controversial and discussed topics of our time. Global debates and conflicts about the use, transfer, monopolization, democratization and diversification of knowledge are always linked to issues of social, political and economic power. New technologies and new media formats allow, on the one hand, better access to knowledge as a resource and, therefore, a greater degree of political and social participation by broader sectors of the population. At the same time, the valorization of knowledge by global corporations, for example through the sometimes illegal acquisition of data or the claim and enforcement of intellectual property rights, promotes the formation of knowledge monopolies that They serve commercial purposes and exacerbate social inequalities. Furthermore, the cultural and linguistic diversity of Latin America forces a fundamental questioning of Eurocentric epistemologies and a general reflection on the cultural dimensions of the production, transformation and storage of knowledge and on digital transformation. The contributions to this volume address the processes of production, transformation and storage of knowledge in Latin America from different disciplinary and national perspectives. Its multiple articulations and the dynamics of knowledge production in colonial and postcolonial contexts are taken into account. The volume represents an important contribution to global debates on the interaction between knowledge, power and digital transformatio
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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