738 research outputs found
Untangling intense engagement in entrepreneurship: Role overload and obsessive passion in early-stage entrepreneurs
Get PDFDrawing on theory related to identity-relevant role stressors, this study explores how a stressful context in the early stages of new venture creation influences entrepreneurs' inclination toward obsessive passion. Consistent with the hypotheses derived from the theory, analysis of data on early-stage entrepreneurs indicates that a context of stress linked to role overload prompts entrepreneurs to engage more intensely in entrepreneurial activity, thereby leading to greater obsessive passion. Furthermore, high levels of goal challenge and achieved progress enhance the effect of role overload, making it more motivationally incongruent and more motivationally relevant for the entrepreneur. This effect increases entrepreneurs' inclination toward obsessive passion
Fear of Failure and Negative Affect in Early Stage Entrepreneurs: Regulation through Passion
No full textGenetic studies of neurodevelopmental disorders
No full textNeurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) constitute a heterogeneous group of disorders that adversely impacts a child’s behavioural and learning processes. Developmental delay (DD) and mental retardation are included among the NDDs and are frequently associated with a wide range of accompanying disabilities such as multiple congenital anomalies and dysmorphic features. Despite extensive clinical and laboratory investigation, the cause of the patient’s symptoms remains unknown in approximately half of the cases. For the children’s families this is often frustrating since an aetiological diagnosis not only gives an explanation of why the child has symptoms but may also provide better prognosis evaluation, adequate genetic counselling and enable prenatal diagnosis. In approximately 20% of patients, a clear genetic cause can be found, including both single-gene disorders and chromosomal disorders. In paper I a NIPBL and SMC1L1 mutation screening by direct sequencing and MLPA was performed in a group of nine index patients diagnosed with Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS), which is characterized by severe mental and growth retardation and distinctive dysmorphic facial features. We identified seven NIPBL mutations and showed that a splice-site mutation lead to skipping of an exon. A clear genotype-phenotype correlation was not found. In paper II sequencing and MLPA analysis revealed 18 CHD7 mutations in 28 index patients with CHARGE syndrome. In addition, inherited variants were identified and clinical interpretation of these are discussed. Our results indicate that hypoplastic semicircular canals is not obligatory for a CHD7 mutation, although we agree that it is the most frequent and specific sign of CHARGE syndrome. A CHD7 mutation was found in a patient not fulfilling clinical criteria showing that also atypical patients benefit from testing. Paper I and II confirm that NIPBL and CHD7 are the main causative genes for CdLS and CHARGE syndrome respectively. However, in >30% of our patients no causal mutation could be detected. Whole genome-/exome sequencing might find new causative genes and/or mutations in non-coding sequences of known genes. The patient described in paper III had an 18.2 Mb de novo deletion of chromosome 11q13.4-q14.3. By comparing his phenotype to the few previously described patients, we show that a common phenotype for patients with deletions in this region might be emerging, comprising mild-moderate DD, a sociable personality and dysmorphic facial features. The implementation of high-resolution array-CGH over the last decade has enabled the genome-wide identification of submicroscopic copy number variations (CNVs) in patients with NDDs. In study IV we wanted to evaluate array-CGH as a diagnostic tool in our clinical laboratory. In the 160 investigated patients, 21 (13,1%) causal CNVs and 15 (9.4%) CNVs of unclear clinical significance were detected. Standard karyotyping had in seven cases failed to detect causal CNVs ≥5 Mb, five of which were ≥10Mb, emphasizing that more reliable methods were needed to exclude CNVs in these patients. Array-CGH proved to be very useful and became recommended as the first step investigation for patients with idiopathic DD. However, increasing the resolution of a whole genome screen in the diagnostic setting has its drawback of detecting an increased number of CNVs of unclear clinical significance. In paper V we report on the clinical and molecular characterization of 16 individuals with distal 22q11.2 duplications. The patients displayed a variable phenotype, and many of the duplications were inherited (83%). The possible pathogenicity of these duplications is discussed and we conclude that it is likely that distal 22q11.2 duplications represent a susceptibility/risk locus for NDDs rather than being causal variants. Additional genetic, epigenetic or environmental factors are likely required to cause a phenotype. Five patients had additional CVNs of unclear clinical significance making a 2-hit event plausible. Paper IV and V illustrate that the identification of CNVs of uncertain clinical significance puts new demands on genetic counselling and continuous research and submission of cases to databases are still important. Future challenges include how to deal with the interpretation of multiple rare variants in one individual and to find ways to estimate how great a risk factor certain CNVs, such as distal 22q11.2 duplications, actually are for a phenotypic effect.List of scientific papersI. Schoumans J, Wincent J, Barbaro M, Djureinovic T, Maguire P, Forsberg L, Staaf J, Thuresson AC, Borg A, Nordgren A, Malm G and Anderlid BM. Comprehensive mutational analysis of a cohort of Swedish Cornelia de Lange syndrome patients. European Journal of Human Genetics. 2007, 15:143-149. https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejhg.5201737 II. Wincent J, Holmberg E, Stromland K, Soller M, Mirzaei L, Djureinovic T, Robinson K, Anderlid BM, and Schoumans J. CHD7 mutation spectrum in 28 Swedish patients diagnosed with CHARGE syndrome. Clinical Genetics. 2008, 74:31-38. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2008.01014.x III. Wincent J, Schoumans J, and Anderlid BM. De novo deletion of chromosome 11q13.4-q14.3 in a boy with microcephaly, ptosis and developmental delay. European Journal of Medical Genetics. 2010, 53:50-53. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ejmg.2009.10.003 IV. Wincent J, Anderlid BM, Lagerberg M, Nordenskjold M, and Schoumans J. High-resolution molecular karyotyping in patients with developmental delay and/or multiple congenital anomalies in a clinical setting. Clinical Genetics. 2010, 79:147-157. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1399-0004.2010.01442.x V. Wincent J, Bruno DL, van Bon BW, Bremer A, Stewart H, Bongers EM, Ockeloen CW, Willemsen MH, Keays DD, Baird G, Newbury DF, Kleefstra T, Marcelis C, Kini U, Stark Z, Savarirayan R, Sheffield LJ, Zuffardi O, Slater HR, de Vries BB, Knight SJ, Anderlid BM, and Schoumans J. Sixteen New Cases Contributing to the Characterization of Patients with Distal 22q11.2 Microduplications. Molecular Syndromology. 2011, 1:246-254. https://doi.org/10.1159/000327982 </p
Effectuation or causation: An fsQCA analysis of entrepreneurial passion, risk perception, and self-efficacy
Get PDFThis paper enriches the literature on entrepreneurial decision-making logic by investigating nascent entrepreneurs' use of effectuation and causation. The configurational effect of passion, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and risk perception is tested for causal and effectual decision-making. The results, based on data gathered from 50 nascent entrepreneurs, show that, more than passion, entrepreneurial self-efficacy, and risk perception alone, it is their combination that leads to the use of a causal and an effectual logic. This fsQCA-based study thereby helps unravel some of the complexities behind entrepreneurs' choice of decision-making logic
Integrating yoga as a method in clinical social work dealing with addiction : Bridging Eastern and Western perspective. Annika Wincent
No full textIn this thesis it will be discussed whether the body-mind-spirit aspect is a missing component in Western methods in clinical social work and if yoga could contribute to a more holistic multi model in this area. Yoga includes physical postures, controlled breathing exercises, meditation and attitudes in life of no harming of oneself or any living being. Yoga invites the practitioner to enhance the selfdiscipline and control over and regulation of impulses, thoughts and feelings. In the result it will be presented in what way this Eastern discipline have influenced the participants recovery. It will be discussed weather yoga is a tool to get in contact with the body, breath and mind and if the enhanced awareness helps to control anger, stress, anxiety and craving - overwhelming feelings that can be triggers for a substance abuse. The thesis is a qualitative study with the aim of exploring the experience of yoga as a complimentary method in addiction recovery. The interviews were conducted in three different rehab centres of Kripa Foundation in India in form of focus groups and individual interviews.I den här uppsatsen kommer aspekten kropp-själ- och sinne att diskuteras huruvida den är en saknad komponent i kliniskt socialt arbete i väst, och om yoga skulle kunna bidra som en mer holistisk och mångfasetterad modell. Yoga inkluderar fysiska positioner, kontrollerade andningsövningar, meditation och attityder i livet som bygger på att inte skada sig själv eller något levande. Yoga bjuder in utövaren att till öka självdisciplin, kontroll över impulser, tankar och känslor. I resultatdelen presenteras hur den österländska disciplinen har påverkat deltagarnas rehabilitering från sitt missbruk. Det kommer att diskuteras om yogan är ett verktyg för att komma i kontakt med kropp, andning och sinne och genom ökad medvetenhet kunna kontrollera ilska, stress, ångest och begär - överväldigande känslor som kan vara utlösare till missbruk. Det här är en kvalitativ studie som har som mål att utforska deltagarnas upplevelse av yoga som ett komplement i sin rehabilitering. Intervjuerna gjordes på tre olika Kripa Foundation center i Indien, dels som fokusgruppintervjuer, dels individuella intervjuer
Framing ideas for new venture resources acquisition in crises: An fsQCA analysis
Get PDFHow should new venture ideas be framed in order to acquire human resources and gain support in times of crisis characterized by struggling or failing institutions and governmental organizations? To answer this question, we analyze 316 new venture ideas aimed at alleviating the COVID-19 crisis in 11 countries. We investigate different linguistic framing configurations and test their persuasive power for human resource acquisition. Our fuzzy-set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA) and linguistic analysis reveal that a “common enemy framing” is crucial for obtaining resources in crisis contexts. Non-profit venture ideas, specifically, may acquire resources via two additional paths: adding positive emotional content or using an entrepreneurial hustle framing with concrete calls to action. Our findings provide novel insights into entrepreneurial resource acquisition and idea framing during crises
The outcomes of passion in entrepreneurship
No full textThis chapter surveys the literature on the outcomes of passion in entrepreneurship. The findings reveal that passion is consequential not only with respect to intrapersonal outcomes (affect, cognition, behavior of the entrepreneur, and performance of their venture) but also for interpersonal results (for stakeholders such as investors or employees). These outcomes, however, are not always beneficial: although passion has been proven to have a host of positive outcomes in entrepreneurship, more and more recent studies have started to uncover its dualistic nature and detrimental effects. The review offers specific suggestions that will be instrumental in carrying out future research regarding the role of passion in entrepreneurship and specifies implications for entrepreneurship practitioners
The dualistic regulatory effect of passion on the relationship between fear of failure and negative affect: Insights from facial expression analysis
Get PDFAcross two studies, we theorize and empirically investigate passion as a moderator of the negative affective consequences of fear of failure in early-stage entrepreneurship. We test our hypotheses in two field studies of naturally occurring affective events—namely, pitching competitions—and we complement self-reported measures of negative affect with physio-psychological measures obtained from analyzing entrepreneurs' facial expressions. The results confirm that in failure-relevant situations, dispositional fear of failure may lead to higher negative affect depending on the dualistic regulatory effect of passion—harmonious passion dampens the influence of fear of failure on negative affect (Studies 1 and 2), while obsessive passion magnifies this effect in Study 1 but dampens it in Study 2, thus showing mixed evidence. Our work is one of the first to investigate how early-stage entrepreneurs experience negative affect during typical entrepreneurial events as a result of their dispositional traits and their type and level of passion
Among-Genotype Variation For Sediment Rejection In The Reef-Building Coral Diploastrea Heliopora (Lamarck, 1816)
No full textLui, Gerald C. Y., Setiawan, Wincent, Todd, Peter A., Erftemeijer, Paul L. A. (2012): Among-Genotype Variation For Sediment Rejection In The Reef-Building Coral Diploastrea Heliopora (Lamarck, 1816). Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60 (2): 525-531, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.535022
Fig. 5 in Among-Genotype Variation For Sediment Rejection In The Reef-Building Coral Diploastrea Heliopora (Lamarck, 1816)
No full textFig. 5. Percentage of sediment mass cleared after five hours (the duration of the experiment) calculated from 12 fragments (four replicates × three treatment) per genotype.Published as part of Lui, Gerald C. Y., Setiawan, Wincent, Todd, Peter A. & Erftemeijer, Paul L. A., 2012, Among-Genotype Variation For Sediment Rejection In The Reef-Building Coral Diploastrea Heliopora (Lamarck, 1816), pp. 525-531 in Raffles Bulletin of Zoology 60 (2) on page 529, DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.535022
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