323,154 research outputs found
Zaltbommel, Plangebied De Wildeman. Inventariserend Veldonderzoek door middel van proefsleuven.
No full textVan 29 oktober tot en met 19 november 2007 is een inventariserend veldonderzoek door middel van proefsleuven (IVO-P) uitgevoerd in een gedeelte van het plangebied De Wildeman, te Zaltbommel. Het totale plangebied De Wildeman heeft een oppervlakte van circa 60 hectare; het onderhavige onderzoeksterrein bevindt zich in de noordwesthoek van De Wildeman en beslaat circa 4,2 hectare.
Binnen het onderhavige onderzoeksgebied zijn in de proefsleuven zowel ks2 als ks3 afzettingen aangetroffen. Beide moeten hier gerekend worden tot de komkleien en niet zozeer tot oeverwalafzettingen. Slechts op twee plekken zijn duidelijke zandige oeverwalafzettingen aangetroffen, namelijk in werkput 72 en 82. Het is niet duidelijk of deze oeverwalafzettingen nu aan de Oenselse stroomrug of aan de Zaltbommel-Nederhemert stroomrug te relateren zijn. Waarschijnlijk komen op een dieper niveau op meer plaatsen binnen het onderzoeksgebied oeverwalafzettingen voor, die gezien de beperkte diepte van het proefsleuvenonderzoek nu niet zijn aangesneden.
Qua stratigrafie is het duidelijk dat de ondergrond bestaat uit een bouwvoor, waaronder zich een pakket ks2 komafzettingen bevindt. Onder de ks2 komafzettingen bevinden zich op enkele plaatsen binnen het onderzoeksterrein ks3 komafzettingen. Werkput 67 is de enige proefsleuf, waarbij (althans in een gedeelte) de ks3 afzettingen direct onder de bouwvoor zijn aangetroffen.
Het proefsleuvenonderzoek heeft niet veel archeologische resten opgeleverd. Behalve bodemkundig gezien interessante fenomenen zoals laklagen en twee depressies, zijn een groot aantal subrecente greppels en twee kuilen aangetroffen. De kuilen vormen hiervan de meest interessante archeologische fenomenen. Op basis van deze twee kuilen is het echter niet mogelijk te spreken van een vindplaats of vindplaatsen. Het is ook niet mogelijk ze te relateren aan één van de reeds bekende vindplaatsen A t/m E. Eén van de kuilen (spoor 1) kan op grond van het zich in dit spoor bevindende vondstmateriaal gedateerd worden in de IJzertijd. Dit spoor bevond zich in de ks2 komklei, net naast een depressie. Ook deze depressie kan op grond van het hierin aangetroffen aardewerk gedateerd worden in de IJzertijd. De andere kuil bevond zich in tegenstelling tot het eerdergenoemde spoor in ks3 komafzettingen.
Over het algemeen kan gesteld worden dat de aangetroffen vondsten een goede conservering hebben. Ook organisch materiaal (bot) is goed geconserveerd. Metaal werd niet aangetroffen
Why is the complaints procedure still lacking in Italy? The difficult pathway towards a more transparent, inclusive and effective disciplinary system
No full textIn recent decades, the Italian justice system has undertaken several actions to improve and modernize its functioning. The main priority is to guarantee timely, effective and efficient services to court-users, and to improve the general performance of courts and prosecutors' offices. Beyond the traditional values of independence and accountability, new values have come to the forefront of the public debate, such as efficiency, effectiveness, transparency, professional competence and integrity. The chapter focuses on complaints and discipline in Italy and the main challenges connected thereto. If the magistracy's ultimate function is to serve the society, more emphasis should be put on the importance of instituting a feedback loop between citizens and the magistracy through the mechanism of complaints. Complaints are a ‘bridge’ that connects the general public with the administration of justice and a mechanism of public scrutiny over the magistracy. In Italy, citizens are not really empowered to question the magistracy and the way in which its power is carried out. Justice is seen more as a State power rather than a service that responds to various important social needs, for the benefit of society
Diffusive author(s), cohesive author: Analysis of S/N (1994)
No full textThis study indicates the ways in which various aspects of the author(s) are brought forth in Dumb type’s performance art, the S/N production. Previous research has suggested a non-hierarchical organization of Dumb type and the absence of a “privileged author” in Dumb type’s collaborative work, S/N. However, the results that I have investigated from member’s interviews on the creative process of S/N along with my analysis of the recorded images of S/N, indicate a different aspect of the author(s). First, S/N was created through, so to speak, the collective ideas of the members of Dumb type. Further, S/N has at least nine quotations from previous performances, installations, and printed writings, besides the work-in-progress technique. Explicating one of the “author functions” as given by Michel Foucault, each text has plural subjects of the author. However, it has been revealed from members’ interviews that Teiji Furuhashi had a decision-making role in selecting the members’ ideas within the performance. Since then, S/N has had plural subjects of creation; however, Furuhashi is one of the subjects of creation along with the “privileged author.” S/N has plural authors (diffusive authors) yet at the same time, it has a “privileged author,” Teiji Furuhashi (cohesive author)
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Clerodendrum excavatum De Wildeman 1909
No full text8. <i>Clerodendrum excavatum</i> De Wildeman (1909: 132 & pl. XI; 1910a: 401; 1920b: 167); Moldenke (1986a: 355); Lebrun & Stork (1997: 511); Pollard (2022: 24). <p> <b>Type</b>:— D.R. CONGO. Env. Yambuya, 1906, <i>Solheid 379</i> (<b>lectotype designated here</b>: BR0000008976116!, BR0000008976130!).</p> <p> = <i>Clerodendrum grandifolium</i> G ü rke (1893: 173); Durand & Schinz (1896: 223); Baker (1900: 307); Durand & Durand (1909: 439); Lejoly <i>et al.</i> (2010: 294). Type:—Oberes Kongogebiet [D.R. CONGO], Land der Majakalla am Quango, November 1880, <i>Mechow 530</i> (holotype: B, not seen), <i>nom. illeg.</i> non <i>Clerodendrum grandifolium</i> Salisb. (Salisbury 1796: 108).</p> <p> = <i>Clerodendrum excavatum</i> var. <i>cuneatum</i> De Wildeman (1909: 132, pl. XI, Fig 1-3) ≡ <i>Clerodendrum grandifolium</i> var. <i>cuneatum</i> (De Wild.) Thomas (1936: 63), <i>nom. illeg.</i> Type:—D.R. CONGO. Mogandjo, March 1906, <i>M</i>. <i>Laurent 1913</i> (holotype: BR0000008976154 (leaves)!, BR0000008971128 (flowers)!).</p> <p> = <i>Clerodendrum excavatum</i> var. <i>rotundatum</i> De Wildeman (1909: 133, pl. XI Fig 4; 1912b: 192; 1920b: 167). Type:—D.R. CONGO. Env. Yambuya, 1906, <i>Solheid 379</i> (holotype: BR0000008976116!, BR0000008976130!), <i>nom. illeg.</i></p> <p> = <i>Clerodendrum globuliflorum</i> Thomas (1936: 99); Huber (1963: 443); Lebrun & Stork (1997: 511); Vande weghe <i>et al.</i> (2016: 743). Type:— FERNANDO PO. Nordseite d. Piks v. Sta. Isabel oberhalb Basilé, Wald ü ber der Kakao-Region, <i>Mildbraed 6345</i> (holotype: B, not seen; iso-: HBG513436).</p> <p>Shrub 1–3 m high or liana up to 15 m high and 2 cm thick. Twigs papillate when young, up to 2 cm thick when defoliated, hollow, inhabited by ants, with persistent petiole bases straight, 9–12 mm long. Leaf: petiole 2–11 cm, up to 2.5 mm thick, canaliculate, stiff, glabrous; lamina elliptic to obovate-elliptic, (8–)20–31 × (4–) 10–16 cm, base cuneate to obtuse, apex acuminate, glabrous, margin entire to undulate, 5–7 pairs of veins slightly impressed above. Inflorescence axillary on defoliated shoots, capitate, 4–9 cm in diam. (corolla excluded), axis 1–2 cm, sometimes with secondary axes 5 mm. Flower: pedicel 3–15 mm, glabrous; bracteoles narrowly ovate to linear, 4–10 mm long, purplish or violaceous, shortly ciliate; calyx (13–) 18–28 mm long, tube narrow, lobes ovate to ovate-elliptic, (10–)14–21 × (4–) 5–8 mm, acute to acuminate, glabrous, purplish or violaceous, 5-veined, reticulum prominulent, margin smooth or, more rarely, with a few cilia 0.5–1 mm in tip; corolla: tube 100–170 mm, greenish, generally with sessile glands, more rarely with glandular hairs, lobes elliptic ca. 15 mm long, subglabrous and with sessile glands on outer surface, cream, sometimes reddish tinged, stamens protruding 30–35 mm, anther ca. 3 mm long. Fruit: not observed.</p> <p> <b>Distribution in Central Africa</b>:—D.R. Congo.</p> <p> <b>Distribution elsewhere</b>:— Central African republic, Nigeria, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Cameroon.</p> <p> <b>Habitat</b>:—Rainforest of various types, sciaphilous species; 300–1000 m.</p> <p> <b>Selection of representative specimens</b>:—D.R. CONGO. <b>Mayombe</b>: s.l., 1909, <i>Deleval s</i>. <i>n</i>. (BR!). <b>Bas-Congo</b>: Région de Kilemfu, s.d., <i>Gillet s</i>. <i>n</i>. (BR!); Kisantu, 20 December 1920, <i>Schouteden 126</i> (BR!). <b>Kasaï</b>: <i>s</i>. <i>l</i>., <i>1925</i>, <i>Achten 761</i> (BR!); Kakenge, November 1937, <i>Gillardin 303</i> (BR!); Kapanga, July 1933, <i>Overlaet 985</i> (BR!). <b>Forestier Central</b>: Boyekoli Ebale Congo expedition 601, <i>Gille 269</i> (BR!); à 20 km de Yalibwa, 17 January 1936, <i>Louis 1035</i> (BR!). <b>Ubangui-Uele</b>: Bas-Uele, 27 December 1934, <i>De Wulf 522</i> (BR!); Entre Libenge et Zongo, November 1930, <i>Lebrun 1702</i> (BR!). <b>Lacs Edouard & Kivu</b>: Territ. Kalehe, Kabishula, 13 March 1954, <i>Christiaensen 397</i> (BR!).</p> <p> <b>Lectotypification of</b> <b> <i>Clerodendrum excavatum</i> De Wild</b> . In the protologue, De Wildeman (1909: 132) considered that his new species comprised two varieties, which he referred to as “ var. <i>cuneatum</i> <i>”</i> and “ var. <i>rotundatum</i> <i>”</i>, respectively; therefore, one of the two names is illegitimate. Thomas (1936) and Moldenke (1986a) considered “ var. <i>rotundatum</i> ” as representing the type variety and I follow this interpretation here by designating <i>Solheid 379</i> as the lectotype of <i>Clerodendrum excavatum</i> De Wild. Therefore, <i>Clerodendrum excavatum</i> var. <i>rotundatum</i> De Wild. is illegitimate.</p> <p> 2. <i>Clerodendrum globuliflorum</i> Thomas (1936: 99) is a morphotype with corolla 60 mm long, shorter than the type, and corolla tube densely glandular-pubescent; Pollard (2022) regards it as a synonym. In our territory, the corolla is generally longer and with sessile glands or, more rarely, with sparse glandular hairs.</p>Published as part of <i>Meerts, Pierre, 2023, The genus Clerodendrum (Lamiaceae) in the flora of Central Africa (D. R. Congo, Rwanda, Burundi), pp. 1-42 in Phytotaxa 594 (1)</i> on pages 12-14, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.594.1.1, <a href="http://zenodo.org/record/7864827">http://zenodo.org/record/7864827</a>
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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No full textCan archives of audiovisual TV interviews be used to make authors more visible to students, and thereby reduce the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers in college classes? We examined students in a college course who learned about one scholar's ideas through watching an audiovisual TV interview (i.e., visible author format) and about another scholar's ideas through reading a formal text description (i.e., invisible author format). For the invisible author, native language speakers scored significantly higher than the non-native language speakers on a corresponding exam question (i.e., a cognitive measure), generated more words on the exam question (i.e., a motivational measure), and mentioned the author's name more often in answering the exam question (i.e., an affective measure). For the visible author, the groups did not differ on any of these measures. These findings provide evidence for the idea that making the author visible through audiovisual TV interviews can eliminate the learning gap between native and non-native language speakers. 3 Universities around the world serve students who are non-native speakers of th
The vanishing author in computer-generated works: a critical analysis of recent Australian case law
No full textAbstract
The use of software is ubiquitous in the creation of many copyright works, yet the requirement in copyright law that every work have a human author who engages in independent intellectual effort means that its use may prevent copyright subsistence. Several recent Australian cases have refocused attention on authorship as an essential criterion of copyright subsistence, and these cases suggest that much computer-produced output may be authorless and thus lack copyright protection. This article, the first in a two-part series, analyses how each case deals with the question of authorship of computer-produced works and why the use of software diminishes copyright protection for a significant number of computer-generated works. The article critiques the application of conventional notions of human authorship developed in the pre-computer age to modern productions and suggests alternative approaches to authorship that satisfy both the major objectives of copyright policy and the need to adapt to the computer age. The article argues that, without a broader judicial approach to authorship of computer-generated works, Parliament must remedy the lacuna in protection for these ‘authorless’ works. Possible solutions for reform are suggested. In a forthcoming article, the author comprehensively examines those reform proposals
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