15 research outputs found
METODE MEMPERCEPAT PEMBUATAN GARAM RAKYAT
Get PDFPembuatan garam rakyat dilakukan dengan cara pengambilan garam yang ada dalam air laut dengan metode penguapan alami dengan sinar matahari. Proses itu mulai dari penanganan pemasukan air laut hingga pemanenan garam berlangsung kurang lebih selama 1 bulan. Pada saat musim hujan apalagi dengan cuaca yang tidak menentu yang terkadang hujan turun sepanjang tahun menyebabkan produksi garam menurun drastis. Hal itu menjadi penyebab dan penghambat yang signifikan bagi pendapatan petani garam. Untuk mempercepat produksi garam rakyat dilakukan dengan prinsip “kelembaban” yang nilainya tergantung pada suhu. Percobaan dilakukan dengan cara air laut dikabutkan dalam ruang tertutup yang dipanaskan, sehingga perbedaan suhu ini akan sangat berpengaruh terhadap penguapan air dalam air laut. Akhirnya diperoleh air laut dengan kadar garam di dalamnya meningkat. Hasil yang diperoleh pada proses penguapan suhu 40oC dengan kecepatan aliran udara panas 24 m/detik dapat menaikkan 5 oBe menjadi 10oBe dalam waktu 42 jam atau menaikkan sampai 25oBe dalam waktu 6 hari dan 4 hari pada suhu 44OC untuk volume larutan sebanyak 111 liter.DOI : https://doi.org/10.33005/tekkim.v12i2.108
PEMBUATAN ADSORBEN BERBAHAN BAKU TANAH LIAT DARI LIMBAH INDUSTRI PENCUCIAN PASIR SILIKA DENGAN PERBEDAAN KONSENTRASI HCl DAN WAKTU AKTIVASI
No full textClay is silicate frame-based mineral praticle with a diameter of less than 4 micrometers, clay contains fine fused silica and aluminium. The development of clay as an alternative adsorbent is very possible because the clay has a large surface area, high porosity, and high abundance in nature and also relatively inexpensive compared to other adsorbents. The purpose of this study was to determine the ratio of SiO₂/Al₂O₃ content in activated clay. Clay was activated by using hydrochloric acid (HCl) with variable time and concentration of Hydrochloric Acid. Variable concentrations of hydrochloric acid used were 1N, 2N, 3N, 4N, 5N 1000 ml and time variables were 1 hour, 1.5 hours, 2 hours, 2.5 hours, and 3 hours. The best ratio results were shown at 5 N hydrochloric acid (HCl) concentration with 3 hours activation time of 12,26%
Activation oF Trass Rock aS Bleaching Palm Oil (CPO)
No full textTrass rock is a rock originating from volcanic eruption materials which has experienced weathering. It has the similar composition as bentonite. Therefore, trass rock can also be used as raw material as a bleaching earth to substitute bentonite. In this study, a two-stage process was conducted: to do the activation process of trass rock and stage bleaching process of palm oil (CPO). In activation process, trass rock was performed by using hydrochloric acid, then trass rock was crushed until it could pass of the 200 mesh. After that, the soft rock was weighed and added to the acid solution with the ratio of: 1 : 10 with the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution 5 N and its activation time was 4 hours at the temperature of 105°C. Meanwhile, for the bleaching process, at first, oil was treated with degumming and netralization process. Furthermore, oil bleaching process was carried out by adding the activated trass. Then trass was put into the oil when its temperature was reaching up to 186°C. Heating was continued until its temperature was reaching up to 198°C for 45 minutes. In this activation process, it was obtained that the content of SiO2 was 37.8%, Al2O3 of 4.4% and the ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 is 8.6. In the bleaching process of palm oil (CPO), the best condition of trass addition was 4% of the oil weight, and its bleaching time was 45 minutes, the red color intensity obtained was 6.9 and yellow was 6.1, with FFA as big as 2.13% and peroxide value was 5.45 meq/kg
Activation oF Trass Rock aS Bleaching Palm Oil (CPO)
No full textTrass rock is a rock originating from volcanic eruption materials which has experienced weathering. It has the similar composition as bentonite. Therefore, trass rock can also be used as raw material as a bleaching earth to substitute bentonite. In this study, a two-stage process was conducted: to do the activation process of trass rock and stage bleaching process of palm oil (CPO). In activation process, trass rock was performed by using hydrochloric acid, then trass rock was crushed until it could pass of the 200 mesh. After that, the soft rock was weighed and added to the acid solution with the ratio of: 1 : 10 with the concentration of hydrochloric acid solution 5 N and its activation time was 4 hours at the temperature of 105°C. Meanwhile, for the bleaching process, at first, oil was treated with degumming and netralization process. Furthermore, oil bleaching process was carried out by adding the activated trass. Then trass was put into the oil when its temperature was reaching up to 186°C. Heating was continued until its temperature was reaching up to 198°C for 45 minutes. In this activation process, it was obtained that the content of SiO2 was 37.8%, Al2O3 of 4.4% and the ratio of SiO2/Al2O3 is 8.6. In the bleaching process of palm oil (CPO), the best condition of trass addition was 4% of the oil weight, and its bleaching time was 45 minutes, the red color intensity obtained was 6.9 and yellow was 6.1, with FFA as big as 2.13% and peroxide value was 5.45 meq/kg
PEMANFAATAN GEOTHERMAL SLUDGE UNTUK PEMBUATAN BATA RINGAN
Get PDFGeothermal Sludge yang berasal dari PLTP Dieng mempunyai sifat pozzolan karenamengandung mineral silika, sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai pengganti semen. Selain itu dapatdigunakan sebagai agregat berfungsi sebagai bahan pengisi dalam campuran bata karena dengankandungan silika sebesar 97,3% dapat dikategorikan sebagai pasir kuarsa. Ketika bahan tersebutditambahkan dengan kapur akan mempengaruhi berat dari bata ringan karena apabila kapurbereaksi dengan foaming agent maka akan dihasilkan gelembung-gelembung H2 sehingga dapatmengurangi berat bata beton yang dihasilkan. Dalam penelitian ini akan membuat bata ringandengan variasi komposisi bahan semen : geothermal sludge : kapur yaitu 1:1:1 ; 1:2:1 ; 1:1:2 ; 1:3:1dan 1:1:3 kemudian ditambahkan dalam foam yang dilarutkan kedalam air dengan perbandingan1:30 hingga 1:70. Kemudian dilakukan proses pecetakan dengan ukuran 60x20x10 cm dengan prosescuring selama 28hari. Berdasarkan hasil analisa kuat tekan didapatkan bahwa kuat tekan tertingipada 1:1:1 dengan foam agent 1:70 yaitu 50,44 kg.cm2, sesuai dengan standart SNI kelas II.Sedangkan hasil analisa penyerapan air tertinggi pada variabel 1:1:3 dengan foam agent 1:30 yaitu19,76% menunjukkan bahwa terdapat banyak pori-pori pada bata ringan.
DOI : https://doi.org/10.33005/tekkim.v13i2.141
THE EFFECT OF HEATING TEMPERATURE AT THE BLEACHING PROCESS OF PALM OIL TO THE COLOR’S ABSORPTION OF ACTIVATED-BASED TRASS ROCK
Get PDFUp to now frying oil is still becoming one of the most important products of foodstuffs processing because it is one of the basic needs. In general palm oil becomes the raw material of frying oil. Therefore palm oil needs to be processed at first before being consumed. However, this process has to pass through several stages, such as degumming, neutralization and bleaching. In degumming phosphate acid of 85% as much as 0.15% from the weight of palm oil then it was stirred for 15 minutes at the temperature of 80oC. After that, to neutralize it we added some solution of NaOH 11,1% (16oBe) as much as 6% from the oil volume, then it was stirred for 25 minutes at the temperature of 60oC. Meanwhile the novelty of this research could be seen from the bleaching process, the activated trass rock of HCl of 4% from the weight of oil was required as a bleaching material. This process was undertaken by varying its heating temperature of 140, 160, 180, 200, 220 and 240oC. Furthermore, the bleaching times required were 15, 25, 35, 45 and 55 minutes and the most appropriate condition of heating temperature was 240oC. Among those time variations, the bleaching time of 15 minutes was obtained the intensity of red color was 15 and the yellow was 38,9, free fatty acids was 1,44% and peroxide value was 7,30 meq O2/kg. Keywords: trass rock, bleaching , color’s absorption, palm oi
The Effect of Heating Temperature at the Bleaching Process of Palm Oil to the Color’s Absorption of Activated-Based Trass Rock
No full textPengolahan Limbah Cair Industri Elektroplating dengan Proses Flotasi Menggunakan Methyl Ester Sulfonate (MES) sebagai Collector
No full textIndustrial waste is a major problem for countries that are developing large industries such as Indonesia. Industrial waste with heavy metal content such as electroplating waste cannot be disposed of directly into the water because it can cause environmental pollution. Therefore, further processing is needed to reduce or eliminate metal levels in the waste water. In this study, the method used to reduce Cu metal content in electroplating waste is using the flotation method. Flotation is the process of separating minerals or ions through flotation with the help of air bubbles to the surface of the water. The parameters observed in this study were the effect of pH and collector on % Cu removal. Experiments were carried out with waste water feed containing Cu metal with an initial concentration of 107.6 mg/L, with a variation of pH 4,5,6,7,8 and a variation of the concentration of 200 mg/L, 300 mg/L, 400 mg/L, 500 mg/L and 600 mg/L of collector. After being analysed using Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (AAS), the best% Cu removal at pH 6 conditions and 300 mg/L methyl ester sulfonate (MES) concentration was 67.19%
PEMANFAATAN LIMBAH BATANG UBI KAYU DAN PLASTIK SEBAGAI BAHAN BAKU PEMBUATAN PAPAN PARTIKEL
No full textParticle board consists of sheets of material made from wood chips or materials containing lignocellulose such as flakes and strands to be joined by using a binder and by providing various aids such as heat and press. The purpose of this research was to study the physical value (moisture content, thickness development, and density) and mechanical properties (elasticity and tensile strength) and its conformity to SNI. Particle board making in this study was a mixture of wood powder with plastic Low Density Polyethylene (LDPE) with a composition according to variable pressure pressed with 25 kg/cm2 with long pressing at the required temperature for an hour and added with 30 minutes of packing. The variables used were temperature and material composition. The making of particle board from cassava powder and plastic LDPE based on air content test, thickness development, and straight tensile strength were appropriate to SNI. The best results obtained in this study was the composition comparison of plastic LDPE: wood powder (80; 20) with a temperature of 160℃ with a moisture content of 1,2027%, thickness development of 9.217 %, density of 0,831 g/cm3, MOE of 21304,600 kgf/cm2, and perpendicular tensile strength of 31,094 kgf/cm2. This particle board passed all tests and have the average value and better characteristics compared to others
RASIO ABU BAGASSE DENGAN NaOH TERHADAP PROSES PENGAMBILAN SILIKA
Get PDFTeknologi yang mempunyai peluang dalam pembuatan silika gel adalah proses ekstraksi dan proses presipitasi menggunakan asam klorida, silika gel dibuat dari bahan baku abu bagasse yang mempunyai kandungan silika cukup tinggi yaitu 70,85 %. Tujuan dari penelitian ini agar dalam proses pengambilan silika sebagai langkah awal dalam proses ekstraksi silika gel didapatkan kondisi yang baik, dengan memvariasikan penambahan larutan NaOH dengan abu bagasse.Proses ekstraksi yang dilakukan pada abu bagasse sebanyak 100 gram menggunakan natrium hidroksida dengan konsentrasi 1 N selama 1 jam dengan suhu 1050C menggunakan 1:6, 1:7, 1:8, 1:9, 1:10, 1:11. Dalam proses ekstraksi terjadi reaksi antara abu bagasse dengan natrium hidroksida membentuk larutan natrium silika dan dilanjutkan dengan proses presipitasi menggunakan asam klorida dengan variabel pH 4, 5, 6, dan 7. Endapan silika yang terbentuk disaring dan dikeringkan. Pada proses ekstraksi didapatkan kondisi terbaik pada penggunaan larutan natrium hidroksida 1:10, sedangkan pada proses presipitasi dengan asam klorida menghasilkan silika terbanyak pada kondisi pH asam yaitu pH 4 sebanyak 33,54 gram, dengan kandungan silica sebanyak 92% dan luas permukaan sebesar 228,99 m2/g
