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    TROUBLESHOOTING SISTEM PENGAPIAN KONVENSIONAL MOTOR BAKAR GASOLINE EMPAT SILINDER 4 TAK

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    Sistem pengapian merupakan suatu sistem yang berfungsi untuk menaikkan beda potensial dan kemudian akan disalurkan ke busi guna membakar campuran bahan bakar dan udara dalam silinder. Pada saat proses tersebut tentunya akan banyak ditemui masalah, baik yang ditimbulkan dari fungsi, cara kerja maupun masalah yang lainya.Ketika permasalahan muncul akan menyebabkan motor tidak dapat runing dengan sempurna bahkan tidak dapat runing sama sekali. Dari uraian di atas perlu kiranya dilakukan trouble shooting, agar permasalahan dapat di temukan dan diselesaikan dengan benar dan cepat serta tidak muncul kembali permasalahan yang sama. Untuk dapat melakukan Trouble shooting sistem pengapian motor bensin empat silinder dan komponen-komponen pendukungnya maka perlu kiranya melakukan pengujian terhadap fungsi dan kinerja komponen pendukung pengapian serta akibatnya. Hasil pengujian ini merupakan gambaran tentang gangguan dan masalah serta cara penanganan dalam melakukan perbaikan terhadap permasalahan pada sistem pengapian. Variabel independent adalah memberikan malfunction pada komponen sistem pengapian konvensional, variabel dependent akibat yang muncul setelah malfunction komponen sistem diberikan, sedangkan Sistem pengapian yang sempurna, bahan bakar yang digunakan adalah premium, kondisi kerja kendaraan meliputi saat start, putaran idle (750 rpm), putaran tinggi (5000 rpm) dan kondisi lain adalah variabel control. Trouble shooting sistem pengapian motor bensin empat silinder dan komponen-komponen pendukungnya akan dapat dilakukan jika ada keluhan, masalah dan permasalahan komponen. Pengetahuan cara kerja dan fungsi komponen pendukung sistem pengapian merupakan satu syarat untuk melakukan Trouble shooting yang benar. Kata kunci : Trouble shooting sistem pengapian, Busi, koi

    PENGARUH KECEPATAN UDARA PRIMER MULA TERHADAP OUTPUT POWER TUNGKU GASIFIKASI TIPE DOWNDRAFT

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    Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk Mendapatkan kecepatan udara primer awal yang menghasilkan output power yang sebesar mungkin pada Tungku Gasifikasi Biomassa Tipe Downdraft. Eksperimen dengan metode Water Boilling Test dilakukan menggunakan residu padi (sekam) sebagai umpan dengan variasi kecepatan udara primer mula. Desain penelitian ini memiliki suatu perlakuan yaitu kecepatan udara primer mula, dikenakan pada suatu objek penelitian, yaitu  tungku gasifikasi downdraft dan kemudian hasil perlakuan diamati. Dengan Water Boilling Test didapat data start up time, operating time dan total operating time dari penggunaan Tungku Gasifikasi Biomassa Downdraft pada variasi kecepatan udara pimer mula antara 2-3,8 m/s, dengan massa 600 gram umpan dan air 1 liter. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semakin tinggi kecepatan udara primer awal menyebabkan power output semakin baik atau bertambah besar, Stove efficiency tungku gasifikasi ini meningkat seiring dengan meningkatnya Kecepatan udara primer awal. Output Power tungku gasifikasi pada kecepatan udara primer awal 3,8 m/s (kecepatan udara fan tertinggi) adalah 1,32 kW. Kata kunci : Water boilling test, Gasifikasi, Umpa

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed

    Variations on the Author

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    “Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship

    Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis

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    We provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis

    Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts

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    We conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more sophisticated methods

    Author Index

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    koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist

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    We have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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