1,721,093 research outputs found
Investigating quantization errors and their influence on capability of MEMS products : case study: heavy vehicle TPM (Tyre Pressure Monitoring) sensor
No full textThe motivation for this thesis has been to clarify the signi_cance of quantization errors in MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical System) products and to see how they combine with normal distribution errors. As a case study, an integrated absolute pressure sensor for the automotive market was chosen. Combinations of errors in such sensors are often treated as if they were simple normal distributions and question was if this is su_ciently correct when considering spread in accuracy and when at the end considering final product capability.
For a product to be capable of meeting its performance speci_cation at the highest possible yield level it is important to find the most correct way of calculating capability. Many natural parameters are normal distributed and in practice one often assumes data distributed such way. This has also been the practice for the heavy vehicle TPM (Tyre Pressure Monitoring) sensor from In_neon Technologies SensoNor, the sensor selected herein as a case study. It has quantization in the signal path. However it is assumed that the errors are normal distributed when calculating its capability. This was background for the establishment of this thesis, with the literal quotation to
To investigate quantization errors and their inuence on capability of MEMS products.
The heavy vehicle TPM sensors are calibrated, meaning errors from digitizing during this process also contributes in the error picture and effects capability.
Theoretical calculations, simulations and measurements are performed. Results are analyzed, compared, and discussed in order to conclude and give design considerations for future products.
All together 4 simulation models were established. The last of the models made, the Final
Model, was the most exible one, being able to simulate both the sensor and the calibration process. Different error contributions from LNA gain change, different ADC resolutions,
and different coeficient round o_s were analyzed and discussed. The sources of errors were
considered such way that it came clear how they contributed to spread isolated and in combination with each other.
Especially in focus through out this work was a specific LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) gain reduction for the heavy vehicle TPM sensor. What change in error contributions such a
reduction of the signal gain before quantization give, and how it at the end effects the total product capability.
It was concluded that a LNA gain reduction results in larger spread in sensor measurement performance, and that it at the end makes the product less capable. It was also
concluded that coefficient round offs, especially round offs for one sensor PROM coefficient
(PZ1PROM), gave significantly increased error on the pressure output signal when reducing
LNA gain. A reduction from LNA gain 16 to LNA gain 10 gave an increase in (PZ1PROM)
round o_ error with a factor of 1.6, from 1.37 to 2.19 kPa for the worst situation (at the
highest temperatures) for 2.5 sensors simulated.
Based on the (PZ1PROM) finding it was recommended to optimize PROM coefficient scalings for future TPM sensor designs
Investigating quantization errors and their influence on capability of MEMS products : case study: heavy vehicle TPM (Tyre Pressure Monitoring) sensor
Get PDFThe motivation for this thesis has been to clarify the signi_cance of quantization errors in MEMS (Micro Electro-Mechanical System) products and to see how they combine with normal distribution errors. As a case study, an integrated absolute pressure sensor for the automotive market was chosen. Combinations of errors in such sensors are often treated as if they were simple normal distributions and question was if this is su_ciently correct when considering spread in accuracy and when at the end considering final product capability.
For a product to be capable of meeting its performance speci_cation at the highest possible yield level it is important to find the most correct way of calculating capability. Many natural parameters are normal distributed and in practice one often assumes data distributed such way. This has also been the practice for the heavy vehicle TPM (Tyre Pressure Monitoring) sensor from In_neon Technologies SensoNor, the sensor selected herein as a case study. It has quantization in the signal path. However it is assumed that the errors are normal distributed when calculating its capability. This was background for the establishment of this thesis, with the literal quotation to
To investigate quantization errors and their inuence on capability of MEMS products.
The heavy vehicle TPM sensors are calibrated, meaning errors from digitizing during this process also contributes in the error picture and effects capability.
Theoretical calculations, simulations and measurements are performed. Results are analyzed, compared, and discussed in order to conclude and give design considerations for future products.
All together 4 simulation models were established. The last of the models made, the Final
Model, was the most exible one, being able to simulate both the sensor and the calibration process. Different error contributions from LNA gain change, different ADC resolutions,
and different coeficient round o_s were analyzed and discussed. The sources of errors were
considered such way that it came clear how they contributed to spread isolated and in combination with each other.
Especially in focus through out this work was a specific LNA (Low Noise Amplifier) gain reduction for the heavy vehicle TPM sensor. What change in error contributions such a
reduction of the signal gain before quantization give, and how it at the end effects the total product capability.
It was concluded that a LNA gain reduction results in larger spread in sensor measurement performance, and that it at the end makes the product less capable. It was also
concluded that coefficient round offs, especially round offs for one sensor PROM coefficient
(PZ1PROM), gave significantly increased error on the pressure output signal when reducing
LNA gain. A reduction from LNA gain 16 to LNA gain 10 gave an increase in (PZ1PROM)
round o_ error with a factor of 1.6, from 1.37 to 2.19 kPa for the worst situation (at the
highest temperatures) for 2.5 sensors simulated.
Based on the (PZ1PROM) finding it was recommended to optimize PROM coefficient scalings for future TPM sensor designs
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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