1,720,971 research outputs found
Lens of Emotion : Emotion Regulation and Out-Group Attitudes
Full text linkEmotions play an important role in intergroup attitudes, and more
broadly, in intergroup relations. Emotions, and intergroup emotions more
specifically, arise based on an individual’s appraisal of an out-group
situation, and the emotion triggers a corresponding action tendency. An
especially robust source for negative intergroup emotions and negative
intergroup attitudes is perceived intergroup threat. The aim of the present
thesis was to assess whether a down-regulation of negative emotions after
perceived intergroup threat would result in more positive attitudes toward
those out-groups.
In Study I, we assessed two emotion regulation scales; a scale assessing
emotion dysregulation and another targeting more normative, habitual
forms of emotion regulation. The latter assesses two commonly studied
emotion regulation strategies, cognitive reappraisal and expressive
suppression. Both scales were found to be psychometrically sound and
were used in all our subsequent studies.
In Study II, we investigated the relationship between habitual emotion
regulation and out-group attitudes. We found that habitual expressive
suppression was associated with decreased acceptance toward out-groups.
Cognitive reappraisal was not associated with increased acceptance, in
contrast to previous literature.
In Study III, we assessed whether there was a causal link between
emotion regulation and out-group attitudes after exposure to threatening
stimuli. The stimuli consisted in real news material depicting different
kinds of intergroup threats. Participants who received no instructions to
regulate their emotions when reading upsetting news articles had
significantly higher levels of anger than those who cognitively reappraised
their emotions. Similar results were found for disgust when comparing the
reappraisal and control group, but the association was not significant. We
found that both cognitive reappraisal and expressive suppression
increased immediate acceptance of target out-groups, compared to the
control condition. It may be that merely attending and focusing on
emotional reactions serves as a regulator resulting in less negative
intergroup attitudes, compared to a condition where no such instructions
are given.
In Study IV, we assessed whether modifying emotional reactions when
reminded of a real terror attack would affect attitudes toward out-groups
perceived to be associated with the attack. Cognitive reappraisal
significantly decreased negative emotions, and mindful attention
increased them. We also found that adverse emotions directly negatively
predicted the attitudes toward attack-associated groups, but not toward
other groups. The reappraisal and mindful attention conditions affected
the out-group attitudes via negative emotions. The out-group attitudes
were not directly affected by the experimental condition. Additionally,
posttraumatic stress symptoms correlated significantly with the degree of
negative emotions both before and after the threatening stimuli reminding
of the terror attack. The posttraumatic stress symptoms also correlated
negatively with the acceptance of attack-associated groups, but not other
groups. The results from studies III and IV indicate that the delay between
intergroup threat, the emotion regulation intervention and the attitudinal
outcome may play a role, as well as the type of threat.
The results of the present studies can be applied both in preventive and
clinical measures. For example, they can be of interest together with other
interventions for programs aiming at improving intergroup attitudes or
preventing negative intergroup attitudes. Such initiatives may be of
interest for example for actors working in multicultural settings, in schools
and correctional facilities for individuals who have previously engaged in
intergroup hostilities.ei tietoa saavutettavuudest
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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