1,720,953 research outputs found
Tides of Knowledge A deconstruction of knowledge production and practices: The case of ICES’ ecosystem overviews
Full text linkFor samfunnets respons til sammenhengende og gjenstridige problem faller det et betydelig ansvar på samfunnets vitenskapelige organisasjoner. De må forsyne politiske beslutningstakere med handlingsrettede råd for en bærekraftig styring av marine økosystem. Dette gjør det høyst relevant å forstå hvordan disse vitenskapelige organisasjonene produserer den kunnskapen vi setter vår lit til.
Denne masteroppgaven utforsker derfor hvordan Det internasjonale havforskningsrådet (ICES) praktiserer kunnskapsproduksjonen av økosystem oversikter. Dermed et bidrag til forståelsen av kunnskapsproduksjon og ICES. Denne masteroppgaven anvender en praksis teoretisk perspektiv for å utføre en dekonstruksjon av produksjonen av økosystem oversikter. Blant den relevante litteraturen om kunnskapsproduksjon presenterer Borie et al. (2021) et teoretisk rammeverk som kan benyttes for å analysere vitenskapelige organisasjoners kunnskapspraksiser. Masteroppgaven forsøker derfor også å teste dette rammeverkets overførbarhet til produksjonsprosessen av økosystem oversikter i ICES.
Dette er en kvalitativ studie som samler inn empirisk data gjennom relevante dokumenter og intervju med representanter involvert produksjonen av økosystemoversikter i ICES. For å analysere dataen benytter jeg en Gioia inspirert metode, som resulterer i en kartlegging av kunnskapspraksisene som samsvarer med det teoretiske rammeverket, i tillegg til opprettelsen av andre organisatoriske praksiser. Funnene viser at de fire kunnskapspraksisene avgrensing, standardisering, representasjon og offentlige praksiser praktiseres under produksjonen av økosystemoversiktene. I tillegg viser funnene at det praktiseres andre organisatoriske praksiser som nettverkpraksiser sammen med tilretteleggende og interne kommunikasjonspraksiser. Jeg argumenterer for at disse praksisene samlet sett utgjør en konstellasjon av praksiser som stimulerer til ICES sin ambisjon om å praktisere en stabil og kontinuerlig forbedring av produksjonsprosessen. Videre argumenteres det for at en helhetlig forståelse forutsetter at man anerkjenner hvordan praksisene preges av gjensidig påvirkning og avhengighet.For society's response to interconnected and wicked problems, a significant responsibility falls on society's scientific organizations to provide policy-makers with actionable advice for the sustainable governance of marine ecosystems. This makes it highly relevant to understand how these scientific organizations produce the knowledge we rely on.
This master's thesis therefore explores how the International Council for the Exploration of the Sea (ICES) practices the knowledge production of ecosystem overviews. Thus, a contribution to the understanding of knowledge production and of ICES. This master's thesis applies a practice theory perspective to perform a deconstruction of the production of ecosystem overviews. Among the relevant literature on knowledge production, Borie et al. (2021) present a theoretical framework that can be used to analyze the knowledge practices of scientific organizations. The master's thesis, therefore, also attempts to test the applicability of this framework to the specific production process of ecosystem overviews in ICES.
This is a qualitative study that collects empirical data through relevant documents and interviews with representatives involved in the production of ecosystem overviews in ICES. To analyze the data, I use a Gioia-inspired method, which results in a mapping of the knowledge practices that correspond to the theoretical framework, in addition to the creation of other organizational practices. The findings show that the four knowledge practices scoping, standardization, representational and public practices are practiced during the production of the ecosystem overviews. In addition, the findings show that other organizational practices, such as networking practices, are practiced together with facilitative and internal communication practices. I argue that these practices collectively constitute a constellation of practices that stimulate ICES' ambition to practice a stable and continuous improvement of the production process. Furthermore, it is argued that a holistic understanding of the practices requires recognition of their reciprocal influence and interdependency
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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