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Jetting, In-Nozzle Meniscus Motion and Nozzle-Plate Flooding in An Industrial Drop-on-Demand Print Head
No full textThe state of the ink film at and near the nozzles of a drop-ondemand(DoD) print head during jetting has a direct impact on
printing performance and reliability. We have developed highspeed imaging apparatus and analytical techniques to investigate
the ink film dynamics on an industrial print head nozzle-plate in real-time. In addition to a direct correlation between the jet
emergence velocity and drive voltage, drive-dependent variations in the oscillation of the ink meniscus in adjacent nozzles were also observed. Using a ray-tracing model to analyze the meniscus shape, the meniscus oscillations for both printing and nonprinting nozzles were found to be complex and involve elements such as pre-oscillation and high-order surface waves. The flooding of non-firing nozzles, deliberately caused by the application of maximum drive voltage to a neighboring nozzle, has been recorded and analyzed dynamically. The build-up of fluid in an annulus around the nozzle (flooding rate) has been characterized and compared with models for the net ink flow
through the nozzle
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Wen-Hsiu Lai Flute Recital Program Notes
No full textThis report is the program notes of Wen-Hsiu Lai\ue2s Flute Recital, which was performed at Guo Concert Hall in Kaohsiung City on May 30, 2019. The repertoires of the recital include Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart\ue2s Flute Concerto in G Major, K. 313, Gabriel Faure\ue2s Fantasie Op.79, T\uc3\ub4ru Takemitsu\ue2s Air, and Sergei Prokofiev\ue2s Sonata in D Major for Flute and Piano, Op. 94. The program notes, which explain the musical styles of the four composers and backgrounds of the different periods they present, were written to increase the performer\ue2s appreciation of the compositions
Functions of Macrophages, T Cells, and Neutrophils in the Synovial Microenvironment of Osteoarthritis
No full textPengfei Wen, Lin Liu Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Pengfei Wen, Department of Joint Surgery, HongHui Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710054, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Previous reviews on osteoarthritis have primarily focused on inflammation caused by cartilage destruction, often overlooking the role of synovitis in the progression of osteoarthritis (OA). Macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils play critical roles in the advancement of synovitis. Therefore, this article emphasizes the functions of macrophages, T cells, and neutrophils in OA-related synovitis, aiming to provide a deeper understanding of the interactions among damage-associated molecular patterns, immune cell activation, and signaling pathways (such as NF-κB and mTOR) in OA, thereby offering new therapeutic targets. In OA, the accumulation of macrophages within inflamed synovial fluid, along with elevated levels of RANKL, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1, enhances the capacity of synovial macrophages to differentiate into osteoclasts. Furthermore, synovial macrophages can polarize into either pro-inflammatory M1 or anti-inflammatory M2 phenotypes, with a predominance of the M1 phenotype promoting cartilage destruction. T cells—particularly Th17 and regulatory T cells—disrupt immune homeostasis and exacerbate inflammation. Neutrophils contribute to tissue damage by releasing elastase and reactive oxygen species, which directly injure cartilage and bone. Current OA management primarily focuses on symptomatic relief through agents such as non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids. In contrast, emerging therapeutic strategies aim to modulate immune pathways. Promising approaches include platelet-rich plasma, mesenchymal stem cell therapy, and photobiomodulation, which have shown potential in regulating inflammation and promoting cartilage repair. A deeper understanding of the interactions among damage-associated molecular patterns, immune cell activation, and signaling pathways—such as NF-κB and mTOR—offers new therapeutic targets. Ultimately, OA management may evolve toward a precision medicine approach that integrates immune modulation with regenerative strategies to restore joint homeostasis.Keywords: immune modulation, homeostasis, pain, osteoarthritis, synovial membran
Wei-Wen Yu Center for Cold-Formed Steel Structures (1990-2020)
No full textFinal Report: Wei-Wen Yu Center For Cold-Formed Steel Structure
Witch Words and Desolate Language: A Study of Chu T'ien-wen's Literary Vita and Witched Writings
No full textSince Chu T\ue2ien-wen was sixteen years old, she has been an important role in Taiwan literature. Chu T\ue2ien-wen has been influence by her parents and Zhang Ai-ling in Chinese literature for a long time. In the chinese ritual music cultur, she was educated under Hu Lan-cheng and became an author in the style of Zhang Qiang Hu Diao. Therefor, Chu T\ue2ien-wen and her sister Chu T'ien-hsin published San San magazine. However, after been through Nativist Literature Controversy and Hu Lan-cheng's death, she became a screenwriter for the movie, directed by Hou Hsiao-hsien and became one of the important participant of New Movie Movement in Taiwan. To face the problems of cross-srait relations and the visitions for the relatives, leading Chu T'ien-wen walk out military dependents' village and walk out San San and Grand View Garden, the style has also changed from San San \ue2\ue2 a young girl\ue2s fantasies style through growth theme of military dependents' village style and turned into the metropolis mature style.
After Hu Lan-cheng passed away, Chu T'ien-wen swore to accomplish his unfinished \ue2 Woman Theory \ue2 . To pass down the Female Writing of Woman Theory of Civilization, she decided to use \ue2 the Splendors of Fin de Si\ue8cle \ue2 Notes of a Desolate Man and Words of a Witch. Hu Lan-cheng used to describe Chu T'ien-wen as a Japanese witch, and praised of the youth and beauty of her literature of art, which gives an inspiration to Chu T'ien-wen and to start a journey for witch. In \ue2 the Splendors of Fin de Si\ue8cle \ue2 , giving Chu T\ue2ien-wen an advice as witch who predicted that patriarchal society were devastated. And in Notes of a Desolate Man that a desolate man who had feminine soul to offer Japanese witching dance for god. In Words of a Witch as witching word to fly from time and death that become unique to Chu T'ien-wen\ue2s Witched Writings
Influence of immunoenhancement by dietary vitamin E supplementation on the development of Listeria monocytogenes infection in aged and young guinea pigs:
No full textL. monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular pathogen of humans and animals. Although L. monocytogenes is responsible for approximately 2500 cases of foodborne illnesses in the United States, it results in 88- 92 % of hospitalizations attributed to foodborne pathogens and causes an associated high mortality rate of 25- 40 %. Due to the natural decline of the immune system, infectious disease is one of the major causes of mortality in the elderly. Orthomolecular levels of vitamin E have been shown to promote T cell proliferation in healthy aged animals and human. We investigated the impact of immunomodulation on the development of listerial infection within an aged and young population after low dose challenge with L. monocytogenes. Animals were immunoenhanced with daily supplementation of vitamin E for a period of 21 days. An untreated control group was included. Blood samples were immunostained, and changes in the level of CD8+ and CD3+ T cells were determined using flow cytometry analysis. Animals were orally challenged with 100 CFU of L. monocytogenes. Daily supplementation with vitamin E increased the level of total (CD3+) T cells and cytotoxic (CD8+) T cells significantly in young but not old animals. Results showed that 8 % and 15 % of young and aged control animals respectively, became infected; whereas, 0 % and 13 % of young and aged animals, respectively, receiving orthomolecular doses of vitamin E became infected. During post-challenge period, vitamin E treated aged animals showed a faster CD8+ T cell proliferation response than control aged animals. Results also showed that dietary vitamin E supplementation boosted a pool of T cells. In conclusion, experiments demonstrate the effect of vitamin E in mitigating listerial infection in young animals; and stimulating immune response in young and aged animals.M.S.Includes bibliographical references (p. 58-64)by Wen-Hsuan W
[Tian qing wen jing shu 天 請 問 經疏.]
No full textDevatā-sūtra, cf. Tian qing wen jing.Fo shuo tian qingwen jing 佛 說 天 請 問 經, cf. Tian qing wen jing.Tian qing wen jing天 請 問 經Tian qing wen jing shu 天 請 問 經 疏Numérisation effectuée à partir d'un document original.[Commentaires du Tianqing wen jing 天 請 問 經, (T . 592)] En 1 j., déb. mutilé, copie inachevée. Col. 1 à 209 non éd. in T .Pour les col. 210 à 212, cf. T .2786, vol. 85, p. 562 c 2-6, qui donne la suite et la fin de ce texte d'aprèsune éd. de Péking, pp. 562 c 6-565 c. Bonne écr. Pour le car.guo 國, graphie usuelle et graphie 圀 particulièreau règne de l'impératrice Wu. Rares additions et ratures. 212 col. en tout. 20à 22 col. par f., 22 à 26 car. par col. Marges sup. et inf. non tracées, 0,1 à1,3 cm. Réglure par pliage
Vulnerability to Extreme Heat in Metropolitan Phoenix: Spatial, Temporal, and Demographic Dimensions
No full text10.1080/00330124.2011.600225Professional Geographer642286-30
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
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