14,751 research outputs found
La "costellazione" del capitalismo tra Walter Benjamin e Max Weber
No full textL'affinità del pensiero di Adorno con il pensiero di Benjamin e insieme di Weber e il confronto del loro concetto di costellazione (in Weber "cosmo") applicato al metodo storico permette di avvicinare questi ultimi. Il "tipo ideale" di Weber appare uno strumento metodologico strutturalmente simile alle monadi adorniana e benjaminiana, ma più legato alla ricerca storica empirica che alla necessità di illustrare - nel caso di Benjamin - una metafisica.The affinity of Adorno’s though with that of Benjamin and Weber and the exam of their concepts of constellation (in Weber “cosmos”) in their historical methods allow us to accost these last . Weber’s “ideal type” appears as a methodological instrument structurally similar to Benjamin’s monad. Weber, however, is more connected with the empirical historical research than with metaphisics. Similar to Benjamin and Adorno Weber uses the word Darstellung (representation) exibition of a (spatial) structure in a series of concepts of historical phenomena. The “ideal type” appears as a “cosmos of conceptual connections”, a Grenzbegriff (limit-concept), an utopian construction that orients the historical knowledge and gives “precise [linguistic and conceptual] instruments of expression”. The “ideal type”, as a “genetic concept”, is an idea that is represented by a system, a set of concepts, and is able of catching the causal connections, the origin and the development of a historical phenomenon. The affinity of Benjamin’s though with Weber’s is given in the common view of a non deterministic and progressive conception of the causal connection. The set of causes is in Weber a constellation, the idea of “capitalism” is given only at the end of the historical research, by a set of concepts driven by a regulative idea. The causal connection is in Benjamin grounded in the meeting of past and present in the monadic phenomenon, in the messianic moment of the “now of knowledge” (Jetzt der Erkennbarkeit). In the fragment Capitalism as Religion (1921) Benjamin represents his monadic idea of capitalism
The concept of remembrance in Walter Benjamin
No full textThis thesis argues that the role played by the concept of remembrance (Eingedenken)
in Walter Benjamin's 'theory of the knowledge of history' and in his engagement with
Enlightenment universal history, is a crucial one. The implications of Benjamin's
contention that history's 'original vocation' is 'remembrance' have hitherto gone
largely unnoticed. The following thesis explores the meaning of the concept of
remembrance and assesses the significance of this proposed link between history and
memory, looking at both the mnemonic aspect of history and the historical facets of
memory. It argues that by mobilising the simultaneously destructive and constructive
capacities of remembrance, Benjamin sought to develop a critical historiography
which would enable a radical encounter with a previously suppressed past. In so doing
he takes up a stance (explicit and implicit) towards existing philosophical conceptions
of history, in particular the idea of universal history found in German Idealism.
Benjamin reveals an intention to retain the epistemological aspirations of universal
history whilst ridding that approach of its apologetic moment. He criticises existing
conceptions of history on the basis that each assumes homogeneous time to be the
framework in which historical events occur. Insight into the distinctive temporality of
remembrance proves to be the touchstone for this critique, and provides a paradigm
for a very different conception of time. The thesis goes on to determine what is valid
and what is problematic both in this concept of remembrance and in the theory of
historical knowledge which it informs, by subjecting both to the most cogent
criticisms which can be levelled at them. What emerges is not only the importance of
this concept for an understanding of Benjamin's philosophy but the pertinence of this
concept for any philosophical account of memory
: Walter Benjamin et Max Weber
No full textThe fragment "Capitalism as religion", wirtten by Walter Benjamin in 1921 - and first published posthumously in the lmid-1980 - is one of his most intriguing texts. Inspired by the works of Max Weber, he goes much further than Weber : not only does capitalism have religious oigins, it is a religion in itself, a constasnt cult, without mercy nor pause.Le fragment "Le capitalisme comme religion", rédigé par Walter Benjamin en 1921 - et resté inédit jusqu'aux années 1985 - est un de ses textes les plus interessants, mais aussi les plus "hermétiques". Inspiré des travaux de Weber, il va beaucoup plus loin que le sociologue : pour Benjamin le capitalisme a non seulement des origines religieuses, mais est lui-même une religion, un culte incessant, sans trêve ni merci
: Walter Benjamin et Max Weber
No full textThe fragment "Capitalism as religion", wirtten by Walter Benjamin in 1921 - and first published posthumously in the lmid-1980 - is one of his most intriguing texts. Inspired by the works of Max Weber, he goes much further than Weber : not only does capitalism have religious oigins, it is a religion in itself, a constasnt cult, without mercy nor pause.Le fragment "Le capitalisme comme religion", rédigé par Walter Benjamin en 1921 - et resté inédit jusqu'aux années 1985 - est un de ses textes les plus interessants, mais aussi les plus "hermétiques". Inspiré des travaux de Weber, il va beaucoup plus loin que le sociologue : pour Benjamin le capitalisme a non seulement des origines religieuses, mais est lui-même une religion, un culte incessant, sans trêve ni merci
Weber e o direito : racionalidade e etica
No full textDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina, Centro de Ciencias JuridicasAnálise crítica do pensamento de Max Weber, reapropriando-o para o âmbito do Direito. O tema central trata da racionalização, considerado unificante em sua obra, procurando mostrar que Weber rompe com a "promessa otimista" do Fluminismo. Situar o autor e sua obra no seu tempo, e sua herança, deixada ao marxismo e à Escola de Frankfurt. Desenvolve o tema da especificidade do racionalismo ocidental. Trabalha o ascetismo e ética profissional. Busca ainda elementos para compreender a crescente racionalização do direito em sentido formal, analisando-os sob o ponto de vista de uma racionalização interna e externa
La «constelación» del capitalismo entre Walter Benjamin y Max Weber
No full textThe affinity of Adorno’s thought with Benjamin’s and Weber’s, and the comparison of their concepts of constellation (in Weber, “cosmos”) as applied to the historical method, allows us to bring Benjamin and Weber together. The Weberian “ideal type” appears to be a methodological instrument structurally similar to the monads of Adorno and Benjamin, but more linked to empirical historical research than to the necessity of illustrating metaphysics, as is the case with Benjamin. Weber also uses the term Darstellung, which carries the meaning of the exposition, representation, and exhibition of a structure within a series of concepts of historical phenomena. The ideal type presents itself as a “cosmos of conceptual connections”, a Grenzebegriff (limit-concept), a utopian construction that serves to orient a judgment of imputation and furnish a historical representation with “precisely expressed” linguistic and cultural “instruments”. This is an idea that, as a “genetic” concept (that is, capable of recognizing causal connections, the origin and development of a historical phenomenon, without classifying it within a genre), comes to be represented by a system of concepts. It is evident here that Weber’s method – utilized in particular to define the ideal type “capitalism” and more specifically “the spirit of capitalism” – is pragmatically oriented toward heuristic ends: despite this, the affinities with Benjamin’s historical method are quite visible in the choice of terms, in the two philosophers’ shared renunciation of already-given concepts (in favor of producing concepts guided by a regulating idea), and in the renunciation of a deterministic, progressive idea of causal connection. In Weber the historical phenomenon appears determined by a constellation of causes whose fundamental categories are objective possibility and adequate causality, while in Benjamin the causal link is founded on an encounter, in a monadic phenomenon, between present and past in the messianic moment of Jezt der Erkennbarkeit
Weber y Benjamin: religión y capitalismo
No full textEl presente ensayo analiza el desarrollo del argumento de Max Weber sobre la relación entre ética puritana y capitalismo frente al desarrollo del argumento de Walter Benjamin en torno a la descripción del capitalismo como religión. Si bien se ha presentado el texto de Benjamin como una radicalización de la tesis weberiana, el presente artículo propone que esa descripción puede ser equívoca, y parece insuficiente para describir la relación entre estos dos autores: Benjamin no radicaliza, en el sentido de continuar de forma extrema, la tesis de Weber; sino que construye una tesis esencialmente distinta. Mientras Weber plantea una relación de ‘afinidades electivas’ entre la ética puritana y el capitalismo, Benjamin plantea una relación de identidad entre ambas. A partir de esta distinción se sostiene que de estas aproximaciones se desprenden consecuencias políticas mutuamente excluyentes
Weber y Benjamin: religión y capitalismo
No full textEl presente ensayo analiza el desarrollo del argumento de Max Weber sobre la relación entre ética puritana y capitalismo frente al desarrollo del argumento de Walter Benjamin en torno a la descripción del capitalismo como religión. Si bien se ha presentado el texto de Benjamin como una radicalización de la tesis weberiana, el presente artículo propone que esa descripción puede ser equívoca, y parece insuficiente para describir la relación entre estos dos autores: Benjamin no radicaliza, en el sentido de continuar de forma extrema, la tesis de Weber; sino que construye una tesis esencialmente distinta. Mientras Weber plantea una relación de ‘afinidades electivas’ entre la ética puritana y el capitalismo, Benjamin plantea una relación de identidad entre ambas. A partir de esta distinción se sostiene que de estas aproximaciones se desprenden consecuencias políticas mutuamente excluyentes
"Die "Konstellation" des Kapitalismus zwischen Walter Benjamin und Max Weber"
No full textDen Begriff „Darstellung“ verwendet Weber, ähnlich wie Benjamin und Adorno, im Sinne einer Darlegung einer (räumlichen) Struktur in einer Reihe von Begriffen historischer Phänomene. Der „Idealtypus“ erscheint als ein „Kosmos gedachter Zusammenhänge“, als ein „Grenzbegriff“, als eine utopische Konstruktion, die historischem Wissen Orientierung bietet und (sprachliche wie begriffliche) „eindeutige Ausdruckmittel“ bereitstellt. Als genetisches Konzept ist der „Idealtypus“ eine von einem System, einem Begriffskomplex, repräsentierte Idee und vermag die Kausalverknüpfungen, den Ursprung sowie die Entwicklung eines historischen Phänomens zu erfassen. Die – auch ihrer gemeinsamen Beziehung zu Rickert geschuldete – Affinität zwischen Benjamins und Webers Denken beruht auf ihrer nicht-deterministischen und fortschrittlichen Konzeption von kausalen Zusammenhängen. Das Ursachenbündel ist bei Weber eine Konstellation, die Idee des „Kapitalismus“ ergibt sich erst am Ende der historischen Untersuchung durch ein von einer regulativen Idee angeleitetes Begriffsgefüge. Die Weberschen „Idealtypen“ sind Konstellationen, „nicht nur begriffliche Fixierungen sondern eher Versuche, durch die Versammlung von Begriffen um den gesuchten zentralen auszudrücken, worauf er geht, anstatt ihn für operative Zwecke zu umreißen“ . Auf diese Weise veranschaulicht Adorno Webers Methode, indem er aufzeigt, wie sich um den noch nicht klar umrissenen Begriff des Weberschen „Kapitalismus“ eine Konstellation von Begrifflichkeiten zu dessen Abgrenzung und Definition gruppieren ließe:
"So wird etwa der in jeder Hinsicht entscheidende Begriff des Kapitalismus, ähnlich übrigens wie bei Marx, von isolierten und subjektiven Kategorien wie Erwerbstrieb oder Gewinnstreben emphatisch abgehoben. Das vielberufene Gewinnstreben müsse im Kapitalismus orientiert sein am Rentabilitätsprinzip, an den Marktchancen, [...], er bedürfe der Betriebsbuchführung und eines rationalen Rechtssystems gemäß dem den Kapitalismus durchherrschenden Prinzip von Rationalität überhaupt. [...]. "
Bei Benjamin ist die Kausalverknüpfung in einem Aufeinandertreffen von Vergangenheit und Gegenwart im monadischen Phänomen begründet, im messianischen Moment des „Jetzt der Erkennbarkeit“. In Kapitalismus als Religion stellt Benjamin seine monadische Idee des Kapitalismus vor. Meine These lautet, dass Benjamin im Kapitalismus-Fragment eine monadische Idee, die Idee des Kapitalismus darzulegen versucht, so wie es Weber in seiner Ethik unternimmt, wobei die dabei verwendeten Begriffe der Darstellung vollkommen verschieden ausfallen. Dennoch scheint Benjamin seine Vorstellung eines „Idealtypus“ entwerfen zu wolle
Review of Sam Weber, Benjamin\u27s -abilities.
No full textSam Weber, Benjamin\u27s -abilities. Cambridge, MA, and London: Harvard University Press, 2008. 363 pp. ISBN 0674028371
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