1,720,991 research outputs found
Authenticity and subversion: protest music videos’ struggle with countercultural politics and authenticity
No full textSubversive articulations in popular music commodities are as old as the industry itself, from Billie Holiday’s ‘Strange Fruit’(1939) to M.I.A.’s ‘Born Free’ (2010).Protest songsnot only enable musicians to express social concerns in the public domain, they also shape musicians’ personal narratives of authenticity about themselves, their fans and protesters. This paper analyses how authenticity and subversionare articulated in protest music videos. After Turkey’s 2013 June protests, a number of Turkish and international musicians have used lyrics, images and sounds about and from the protests in official videos. A typical one of these is analysed here. Using social semiotics, I examine lyrics, visuals (Kress and van Leeuwen 1997; Machin 2007; van Leeuwen 1995, 1996) and sounds (Machin 2010, van Leeuwen 1999; Tagg 1990, 1984, 1983) to demonstrate how these are used to articulate not only popular politics, but also authenticity. This extends the theorisation of authenticity and subversion in music and considers music’s likely place in political debates about politics and democracy
Understanding music as Multimodal Discourse
No full textFor many scholars of language, discourse and society, multimodal analysis has come effectively to mean the interrelating analysis of text and image. Definitions of multimodality do of course make reference to other modes including sound, music, taste, gesture or somatic perception, but there has until now been very little attention to the social semiotics of sound within multimodal texts. Multimodal semiotics, and indeed social semiotic treatments of music have been theorized primarily upon the static, and interrelated modes of text and image. Much of this work in multimodality has relied on homologous relationships frozen in time although embedded in complex social life. Whilst we acknowledge that our own role as interpreters of signs changes in different contexts and times, much of the literature of multimodality considers fairly static texts such as posters, paintings or roadsigns. This is one reason why sound, and more specifically music, has not been fully theorized in multimodality and its significant social semiotic power is largely absent from many analyses of important social discourses about power, ethnicity, race, gender, nationalism, to name but a few. Musical experience is today very often multimodal, and has a powerfully affective role in contemporary society, and has inspired a wide range of semiotic, aesthetic and mystical theories of how it makes meaning in people’s lives. Moreover, much of the discourse of multimodal semiotics has until recently, relied upon linguistic models of musical meaning. This book however builds upon a growing interest in the work in this area of key scholars such as Theo Van Leeuwen and David Machin amongst others, who have been working within Social Semiotics or discourse analytical approaches to communication who have been dealing with musical sound as communication. Therefore, building upon this new surge of interest, the aim of this book is to bring together a collection of key scholars working in this area to demonstrate, across a range of distinct contexts, how music acts as a fundamental aspect of multimodal communication. We therefore believe that music and sound are not trivial concerns for scholars of communication and media, but that they play an important role both as a discrete mode in itself, but perhaps even more crucially, in dialogue with other modes of communication such as image and text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
News Stories and Reflections of Political Interests: a Critical Discourse Analysis of the Representation of General Augusto Pinochet in the British Media
No full textŞili, General Pinochet'nin Başkan Allende'nin demokratik hükümetini askeri darbe ile devirmesinin ardından 17 yıl askeri diktatörlük yaşadı. Askeri müdahalenin üzerinden geçen 40 yılın ardından Pinochet halen Şili ve Dünya'da ayrıştırıcı bir figür olarak bilinmektedir. Bu tez, eleştirel söylem analizi yöntemi kullanarak Pinochet'nin, farklı politik yönelimdeki başlıca iki İngiliz gazetesinde yayınlanan haberleri ele almaktadır. Bu gazetelerin, sosyal eylem ve aktörleri, kendi politik görüşleri üzerinden nasıl sunduğu incelenerek analiz edilmiştir. Analiz, Pinochet'nin askeri müdahalesine öncelik eden olay ve sorunların tanımlamaları ile uygun bağlama yerleştirilmiştir. Askeri rejim ile İngiltere arasındaki bağı anlamak için Pinochet ve Birleşik Krallik arasındaki o zamanki ilişkiler de incelenmiştir. Bu analiz, Pinochet ile ilgili üç esas olay üzerinden haberlerdeki dil ve kelime kullanmındaki stratejileri incelemektedir: 1988'deki Şili halk oylaması, Pinochet'nin 1998'de Londra'da tutuklanması ve 2006'da Pinochet'nin ölümü. Bu tezin amacı, Pinochet'nin ve diğer sosyal aktörlerin temsilinin çağrıştırdığı söylemleri belirlemek ve bunların belirli görüş ve düşüncelerle nasıl bağlantılı olduğunu ortaya koymaktır. Gazetelerin, haberlerinde kendi politik çıkarlarını ve yönelimlerini yansıttıkları tespit edilmiştir. Anahtar Kelimeler: Eleştirel Söylem Çözümlemesi, The Guardian, The Times, Labour, Conservative.Chile experienced 17 years a military dictatorship after General Pinochet seized power in a military coup d'état that overthrew the democratic government of President Allende in 1973. More than forty years have passed since the military intervention and Pinochet remains a divisive figure in Chile and around the world. Using critical discourse analysis this thesis considers news stories about Pinochet in two leading British newspapers with different political orientations. An analysis is undertaken to investigate how these newspapers represent social actions and actors in ways which reflect their political views. The analysis is contextualized by a description of the events and issues leading to the military intervention of Pinochet. Relations between Pinochet and the U.K governments at the time are also examined in order to understand the links between the military regime and Britain. This analysis examines lexical strategies in news stories covering three pivotal events related to Pinochet: the Plebiscite in Chile in 1988, the detention of Pinochet in London in 1998 and the death of Pinochet in 2006. The aim of this thesis is to identify the discourses evoked from the representations of Pinochet and other social actors and reveal how these are associated with particular views and ideas. It is found that newspapers reflect their political interests and orientations in the stories. Keywords: Critical discourse analysis, Pinochet, The Guardian, The Times, Labour, Conservative
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Music as Multimodal Discourse: Semiotics, Power and Protest
No full textFor many scholars of language, discourse and society, multimodal analysis has come effectively to mean the interrelating analysis of text and image. Definitions of multimodality do of course make reference to other modes including sound, music, taste, gesture or somatic perception, but there has until now been very little attention to the social semiotics of sound within multimodal texts. Multimodal semiotics, and indeed social semiotic treatments of music have been theorized primarily upon the static, and interrelated modes of text and image. Much of this work in multimodality has relied on homologous relationships frozen in time although embedded in complex social life. Whilst we acknowledge that our own role as interpreters of signs changes in different contexts and times, much of the literature of multimodality considers fairly static texts such as posters, paintings or roadsigns. This is one reason why sound, and more specifically music, has not been fully theorized in multimodality and its significant social semiotic power is largely absent from many analyses of important social discourses about power, ethnicity, race, gender, nationalism, to name but a few. Musical experience is today very often multimodal, and has a powerfully affective role in contemporary society, and has inspired a wide range of semiotic, aesthetic and mystical theories of how it makes meaning in people’s lives. Moreover, much of the discourse of multimodal semiotics has until recently, relied upon linguistic models of musical meaning. This book however builds upon a growing interest in the work in this area of key scholars such as Theo Van Leeuwen and David Machin amongst others, who have been working within Social Semiotics or discourse analytical approaches to communication who have been dealing with musical sound as communication. Therefore, building upon this new surge of interest, the aim of this book is to bring together a collection of key scholars working in this area to demonstrate, across a range of distinct contexts, how music acts as a fundamental aspect of multimodal communication. We therefore believe that music and sound are not trivial concerns for scholars of communication and media, but that they play an important role both as a discrete mode in itself, but perhaps even more crucially, in dialogue with other modes of communication such as image and text
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
- …
