1,721,147 research outputs found
Teleteaching of veterinary urgical anatomy in three dimensions
No full textViguier Eric, Magnin Aaron, Watier Bruno, Leborgne Pol, Montagne Jean-Philippe, Guise Jacques de, Skally Waffa. Le télé-enseignement de l’anatomie chirurgicale vétérinaire en trois dimensions. In: Bulletin de l'Académie Vétérinaire de France tome 153 n°2, 2000. pp. 153-159
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Simulation de la marche humaine en utilisant les méthodes de génération de mouvement issues de la robotique
No full textLe corps humain est un système complexe composé de plus de 600 muscles, qui contribuent à l'actionnement de plus de 200 degrés de liberté (DDL) [35]. Il s'agit donc d'un système hautement redondant pour la plupart des tâches. De nombreux auteurs ont suggéré que le système nerveux central ne contrôle pas indépendamment en temps réel chaque muscle et DDL [54]. Bien que le nombre élevé de muscles et de DDL rende difficile le problème du contrôle moteur, il offre de grandes capacités d'adaptation au corps pour l'exécution de plusieurs tâches simultanément si nécessaire [54]. Parmi ces tâches qui requièrent un haut niveau de coordination motrice, la marche bipède est cruciale. La marche bipède est le moyen naturel de locomotion de l'être humain. Bien que ce mouvement soit assez stéréotypé entre les individus, on ne sait toujours pas comment le système nerveux central coordonne-t-il le système musculo-squelettique complexe afin de générer la marche, ni comment les différentes séquences du cycle de la marche sont régulées. Afin de répondre à ces problématiques, nous avons proposé de simuler la démarche semblable à celle de l'être- humain en utilisant un modèle simplifié de corps rigides poly-articulés (modèle squelettique 3D du corps entier comprenant 42 degrés de liberté), sur lequel nous avons appliqué deux méthodes différentes de génération de mouvement. Cette thèse s'inscrit donc dans le cadre de la génération de la démarche humaine, en utilisant des méthodes de génération de mouvement issues de la robotique. La première contribution de cette thèse, montre qu'il suffit de contrôler un petit nombre de tâches soigneusement sélectionnées pour reproduire fidèlement la cinématique de la démarche humaine. Pour cela, un contrôleur de tâches Hiérarchiques est appliqué au modèle du corps complet en utilisant uniquement 3 tâches hiérarchiques afin de générer neuf différentes allures de type humain. L'analyse des allures simulées montre l'émergence de propriétés significatives de la marche humaine. Afin de valider nos résultats, une comparaison entre les rotations articulaires des mouvements simulés et des mouvements de référence humaine est effectuée. Enfin, une discussion est fournie pour illustrer l'intérêt de l'approche choisie en comparaison à des travaux connexes. La deuxième contribution de cette thèse est basée sur l'hypothèse bien connue stipulant que le mouvement humain est le résultat d'un processus d'optimisation. Nous considérons ici un ensemble réduit de critères, qui semblent être optimisés pendant la marche humaine, issues de l'observation de la marche humaine et de l'état de l'art correspondant. Le Contrôle Optimal direct basé sur l'algorithme de Programmation Dynamique Différentielle est appliqué sur ces critères avec le modèle corps complet afin de générer neuf mouvements de marche différents. Les mouvements de marche simulés sont ensuite analysés et comparés à la référence humaine pour démontrer la qualité de la méthode de génération de la marche sélectionnée. L'intérêt de cette approche d'optimisation pour la génération de mouvements de type humain est enfin discuté. Finalement, une comparaison entre les deux méthodes issues de la robotique est présentée et discutée, en impliquant une analyse de la qualité des mouvements obtenus.The human body is a complex system made of more than 600 muscles, which contribute to the actuation of more than 200 Degrees of Freedom (DoFs) [35]. It is therefore a highly redundant system for most kinematic tasks. Many authors have suggested that the central nervous system does not independently control in real-time each muscle and DoFs [54]. Though the high number of muscles and DoFs makes motor control problems difficult, it offers high adaptation capabilities to the body for executing multiple tasks simultaneously when necessary [54]. Among the tasks that require a high level of motor coordination, bipedal gait is a crucial one. The bipedal gait is the natural means of human locomotion. Despite the fact that this movement is quite stereotyped across individuals, it is still unclear how the central nervous system coordinates the complex musculo-skeletal system for gait generation, and how the different sequences of the gait cycle are regulated. In order to address these issues, we proposed to simulate the human-like gait using a simplified model of poly- articulated rigid bodies (3D whole-body skeletal model including 42 degrees of freedom), on which we applied two different motion generation methods. Hence, this thesis is part of the human-like gait generation problem, using motion generation methods from robotics. The first contribution shows that controlling only a small set of adequately selected tasks is sufficient to closely reproduce the human gait kinematics. To this aim, a Hierarchical task controller is applied to the whole-body model with only 3 hierarchical tasks, to generate nine different human-like gaits. The analysis of the simulated gaits shows the emergence of significant human-like properties in walking. In order to validate our results, a comparison between the simulated and human reference joint rotations is conducted. In the end, a discussion is given to illustrate the interest of this approach comparing to related works.The second contribution is based on the well-known hypothesis that human motion is the result of an optimization process. We consider a reduced set of criteria, which seem to be optimized during the human gait, taken from the observation of human walking and the study of the related literature. Direct Optimal Control based on the Differential Dynamic Programming algorithm is applied following these criteria with the whole-body model to generate nine different walking motions. The simulated walking motions are then analyzed and compared to the human reference to show the quality of the gait generation process. The interest of this optimization approach for human-like motion generation is finally discussed. Finally, a comparison between the two methods from robotics is presented and discussed, involving an analysis of the obtained movements' quality
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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