100,695 research outputs found
Lacon A Forgotten Ohio Hamlet
No full textA paper written and donated to T-SPL by Marge Waterfield of Toledo, Ohio. Ms. Waterfield traces the development and history of Lacon, a small community in Seneca County that was located a few miles northwest of Attica, Ohio. The community was in Reed Township
Romie L. Waterfield
No full textRomie L. Waterfield oral history transcript as conducted by Denny Holland.Interview with Romie L. Waterfield
October 25, 1999
Dennis Holland:
Today is October the 25th, 1999, and we have Romie L. Waterfield, retired from Back Bay National Wildlife Refuge in 197...
Romie Waterfield:
8.
Dennis Holland:
...8 and Edna M. Ford, who was secretary at Back Bay, and Ms. Ford retired in 1990, no, December...
Edna M. Ford:
‘89, ‘89.
Dennis Holland:
December of ‘89. She retired just shortly after I did, and Doug Davis, who is an environmental consultant, also worked at the beach, same time that I was there, and I am Dennis Holland, conducting the interview, and we’re going to be talking with, as I said, Romie Waterfield. Now, go ahead, Romie, let’s see if we can pick you up pretty good.
Romie Waterfield:
Well, in the sink box...
Dennis Holland:
Well, wait a minute. Let me ask you this first. Let’s start out with where were you born and when, and when?
Romie Waterfield:
I was born at Little Washwood in 1918. Dennis Holland:
All right, where is Washwood?
Romie Waterfield:
In Prince William County, Virginia Beach.
Dennis Holland:
Virginia Beach.
Romie Waterfield:
It is now. It used to be Prince William County, Virginia.
Dennis Holland:
Yeah, and what were your parents’ names?
Romie Waterfield:
My dad was named Charles, Charles Waterfield.
Dennis Holland:
Okay.
Romie Waterfield:
My momma’s name was Etta Waterfield, E-t-t-a.
Dennis Holland:
Okay, and brothers and sisters?
Romie Waterfield:
I had four sisters and four brothers.
Dennis Holland:
You said you were born in 1918?
Romie Waterfield:
1918.
Dennis Holland:
What was, what is your birth date? We may have a national...
Romie Waterfield:
July the 21st.
Dennis Holland:
We may have national holiday for that.
Romie Waterfield:
1918.
Dennis Holland:
Okay, and you were born at Washwoods, tell me about the school that you attended, I assume you attended school.
Romie Waterfield:
The school was one, one room building with seven grades and one teacher, and once you got through the seventh grade, you were out of school. That was as high as it went, and years later they put another grade in, the eighth grade. Then you went to high school.
Dennis Holland:
Okay. When did you start? How old were you when you started?
Romie Waterfield:
I started when I was five years old.
Dennis Holland:
Five years old.
Romie Waterfield:
Five years old.
Dennis Holland:
Okay. So you went until you were 12 or thereabouts.
Romie Waterfield:
Well, I was about 12, I guess. I stopped, well I, no, I think I was nine when I stopped to go to work with Dad, fishing in the bay, Back Bay, because he needed some help, and that’s the way we made a living, either by fishing or by duck hunting or guiding.
Dennis Holland:
Okay.
Romie Waterfield:
It was a fishing village. You fished in the winter and you hunted, and then summertime, you didn’t do much of anything. You made decoys and what have you, Dad did, you built houses and boats. He was a carpenter, Dad was.
Dennis Holland:
Okay.
Romie Waterfield:
And I was trying to help him, I was always in his way.
Dennis Holland:
And you learned to hunt or to shoot ducks and geese...
Romie Waterfield:
Right. I started hunting when I was about seven or eight years old, I guess. I was big enough to hold the gun up, and there was plenty of ducks. You could go down to the creek and kill all you wanted. One of the bad things that I remember, what Dad always told me that I was a shell waster. He used to give me three shells and tell me to kill a mess of ducks for the family while he worked at clubs, and I’d go out, unless I sneaked down, I didn’t get a mess of ducks for the family, because I wasn’t that good a shot. But if I could get a good shot in and kill four or five the first time, then I was all right.
Dennis Holland:
Did you ever, did you ever shoot anything besides ducks?
Romie Waterfield:
I’ve shot geese and swans.
Dennis Holland:
What about Pied-billed Grebes?
Romie Waterfield:
I’ve killed Pied-billed Grebes, they’re just as good as a duck if you cook it.
Dennis Holland:
Well, tell me how you cooked it, how your momma cooked it.
Romie Waterfield:
You stewed it.
Dennis Holland:
All right.
Romie Waterfield:
And put, potatoes, I mean, turnips in it, yeah.
Dennis Holland:
Well, I believe you used to tell a story once in awhile about putting, what was that story you used to tell? Romie Waterfield:
What, about the Grebe or about the...
Dennis Holland:
Yeah.
Romie Waterfield:
...about the Great Blue Heron and the White Heron and and the, yes.
Dennis Holland:
Where you cooked the Grebe and put him in the pot and boiled him for three...
Romie Waterfield:
That, that was, yes, that was, no, that was a Cormorant. I asked a man one time had he ever eat a Cormorant, and he said, “Yes, he tried one one time,” and he said, “I cooked him, I put him in the pot, and I boiled him for three days, and I opened the lid, and he dove under.” So I never did eat one, a Cormorant, but I have eat Grebes, yes.
Dennis Holland:
Okay, all right. Now, when you were living on the beach and hunting was important as part of the livelihood.
Romie Waterfield:
Right.
Dennis Holland:
Not only for you to eat but you were always selling, you were selling your services as a guide. So tell me about some of the guiding that your daddy did and you did. Romie Waterfield:
Well, Dad was a guide at False Cape, it was a Boston club, for 17 years, and I guided all the clubs, including False Cape after Dad quit. But I, I started out as 2, and went up to 7 a day, and if you were good, sometimes a sportsman would give you a tip, 5, sometimes 5 on that day at Dudley’s, anyone who shot her goose or killed her goose, you paid 15 a day with taking three days at a time, that’s what he charged, which was a fortune, and you could go duck hunting or you could go bird hunting. They was shorebirds, yellow-legs and plovers, and you could go either way. If you get one of the old...
Dennis Holland:
How did you rig for shooting shore birds?
Romie Waterfield:
You could shoot shore birds in that day.
Dennis Holland:
I know. How did you do it?
Romie Waterfield:
Well, you stuck out decoys, you know, wooden decoys.
Dennis Holland:
Stick ups.
Romie Waterfield:
Yeah. Dad made beautiful ones and my uncle, and Lee Dudley, he made a lot of them, and Dudley had several stands of these shore bird decoys, and you brought it in flat, they used to be flat stayed there on the beach but grassed up and a little water in it, and you’d stick them birds out and get them on a sand hill, and they’d come right in to you, you know, and you’d shoot them, and if you shot at a bunch of Yellow Legs, they’d get up and leave and come right back again. You could kill the whole bunch.
Dennis Holland:
How do they taste?
Romie Waterfield:
They were delicious, yes. Dennis Holland:
Of all the shore birds, do you have a favorite one that you...
Romie Waterfield:
No, I didn’t have any favorite one, and the only thing we got wrong one time, Dad went out to kill a mess of birds, and he killed the Kingfisher.
Dennis Holland:
A Kingfisher.
Romie Waterfield:
A Kingfisher. So Momma, she always stewed the birds and make a big stew to get the gravy and the bread and flour bread and put in there, dumplings we called it, and she put that Kingfisher in there with the rest of the birds and ruined
the whole dinner. That was the fishiest thing you ever tried to eat. I still remember it. Never, Dad never killed another Kingfisher.
Dennis Holland:
So word to the wise is never put a Kingfisher in your stew.
Romie Waterfield:
Don’t put a Kingfisher in your dinner.
Dennis Holland:
It messes it up, all right. Oh goodness, and so what were you doing then, after you got out, you’re back to the beach at Washwoods and doing some guiding and some hunting, and you went up the beach to Damn Neck to go to work.
Romie Waterfield: Right, I went up, there was a McCoy Elverson Contractor, I got a job down there as a carpenter. He was building form, I was a form maker, and I went in and asked the old man, it was T. W. Williams was the, was the manager of the yard, so I asked him about a job, and he said, “Well what can you do?” I said, “Nothing.” He says, “Can you, if we’re putting a winding stair up, would you be able to cut it?” I said, “No, sir.” He said, “I see you don’t have a white uniform on either.” I said, No.” He said, “Well come to work tomorrow.” He said, “There’s a lot of these people come in here today and wanted job, they had a white uniform on, never been soiled at all.” He says, “I know they were lying.” He says, “But you told me the truth, you couldn’t do nothing.” He said, “That’s the ones I want.” He said, “I can teach you.”
Dennis Holland:
So he did.
Romie Waterfield:
Yeah.
Dennis Holland:
As a carpenter?
Romie Waterfield:
Well, I learned from Dad the carpentry, you know, as a .
Dennis Holland:
And you were working there until...
Romie Waterfield:
I worked there about nine months, and then I went to Sandbridge where they started building the buildings at Sandbridge, and I helped to build 24 of them houses at Sandbridge.
Dennis Holland:
Okay. Romie Waterfield:
Evans and Waters was the contractor in that day, and Arbor, not Arbor Holmes, but Holmes was the big shot, so I worked there, and then I got a chance to go to the refuge.
Dennis Holland:
That was in 1954?
Romie Waterfield:
Right, ‘54.
Dennis Holland:
Who was the manager then?
Romie Waterfield:
Jack Perkins was the manager, yes.
Dennis Holland:
Okay, okay. Tell me a little bit about Jack.
Romie Waterfield:
Well, Jack was a fine man. He would, he’d tell you what he wanted done, and he expected you to do it, but he never come and bothered you.
Dennis Holland:
He wouldn’t get in your way.
Romie Waterfield:
No, because I rebuilt the tower. It was 68 feet up above the, when I built a tower, a house on it, and I completed it and told Jack to go up and check it, and he never went. He said, “I’ll take your word you finished it.”
Dennis Holland: Now, the little bit of background that you knew about Jack Perkins was he went on the admiral bird expeditions to the Antarctic.
Romie Waterfield:
Yeah.
Dennis Holland:
Two of them, the last two, I suppose.
Romie Waterfield:
That’s right.
Dennis Holland:
The first one was by sailing ship, wasn’t it?
Romie Waterfield:
Yeah, I think so, yeah.
Dennis Holland:
Yeah, and so were the latter ones, yeah, okay, and then he came to work with the Fish and Wildlife Service.
Romie Waterfield:
Right. Before, Harry Bailey was the first manager there, and I don’t know what happened, was his assistant.
Dennis Holland:
Well, did you ever have an occasion to run into Harry Bailey?
Romie Waterfield:
Oh, I knew Harry Bailey well, yeah.
Dennis Holland:
Okay. Romie Waterfield:
Yeah, he was a fine man so far as I knew about him.
Dennis Holland:
He was a local person, wasn’t he?
Romie Waterfield:
Right, he was . But he, I think he drank a little and the Hopper was a cabin cruiser.
Dennis Holland:
The boat?
Romie Waterfield:
The boat, and he used to misuse that, and her, and used to report him, and that’s what got the thing started, and they finally checked on him, and he sent Jack Perkins out there, and he didn’t know Jack Perkins was going to be manager but, until after he’d been there several months. But I knew Jack, too. Jack was a nice, fine fellow. I knew him well before I went to work with him.
Dennis Holland:
Yeah, and so you worked with Jack. What were you doing? You said you built the tower or rebuilt it, what was...
Romie Waterfield:
I rebuilt it.
Dennis Holland:
Rebuilt, okay.
Romie Waterfield: The house on top of the tower.
Dennis Holland:
Okay.
Romie Waterfield:
Yeah. I was a patrolman. I went on as a patrolman, 2800 a year.
Dennis Holland:
You were getting rich.
Romie Waterfield:
Well, yes, I quit a job at $68 a week to go, to take that, at Sand, I quit the one at Sandbridge.
Dennis Holland:
You moved north. Did you live there on the refuge?
Romie Waterfield:
I lived there on the refuge, yes. Yeah, I lived in number two quarters. That had a kitchen, a living room, and two bedrooms upstairs, and the bathroom was upstairs, and I always told a story when somebody asked me something about it, I said, “Well, the only thing I’ve got against the number two quarters, I have to run up and look at myself in the mirror before I go to work, and I don’t like it because I had to go to upstairs.” So I said, “I’m going to buy me a mirror and put it on the back porch.” That was one of my jokes.
Dennis Holland:
And I believe you did.
Romie Waterfield:
I enjoyed the Back Bay Refuge.
Dennis Holland: Yeah, Price and I kind of sat around your table quite a few times.
Romie Waterfield:
I used to tell him what the high tide and low tide was about.
Dennis Holland:
Well, tell me about that.
Romie Waterfield:
Well, see I, there was two men from the mountains, I run two cabins and run a club, run a fellows club for him, I was the manager, and he had two blinds. So these people would come down here, they had never been to the east coast, had never seen the ocean, and they come down after night at Sandbridge, and I picked them up. Well, we started down, we was in an old station wagon, I had a station wagon, and we got, it was high water and the old bumps, you know, the old camel backs, and they said, “Where in the world are we going.” I said, “Well it’s high tide.” He says, “High tide?” I said, “Yes.” I says, “Low tide is, you drive a lot easier.” “Well,” he said, “tell me about this high tide and this low tide.” I said, “Well, you’ve heard of the Carl Islands, haven’t you?” I’d never heard of them, but that’s what I said. He said, “Oh yeah, yeah.” I said, “Well they breathe.” I said, “When they draw in, they suck the water in,” I said, “and we got a low tide
Letter, [Author unclear] to Paulina T. Merritt
No full textHandwritten letter to Paulina Merritt from an unknown author, October 1, 1876.
Characterization of a phosphatidylinositol-specific phosphoinositide 3-kinase from mammalian cells.
No full textBACKGROUND:
As phosphoinositides can serve as signalling molecules within cells, the enzymes responsible for their synthesis and cleavage are likely to be involved in the transduction of signals from the cell surface through the cytoplasm. The precise role of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase that has been cloned from mammalian cells is not known, but it has been implicated in receptor-stimulated mitogenesis, glucose uptake and membrane ruffling. The enzyme can use phosphatidylinositol (PtdIns), PtdIns 4-phosphate and PtdIns (4,5)-bisphosphate as substrates in vitro, but it seems to phosphorylate PtdIns (4,5)-bisphosphate preferentially in vivo. The VPS34 gene product of yeast, by contrast, is a phosphoinositide 3-kinase homologue implicated in vacuolar protein sorting that apparently utilizes only PtdIns as a substrate. The significance of this difference in lipid-substrate preference and its relationship to the functions of the two phosphoinositide kinases is unknown.
RESULTS:
We have characterized a distinct PtdIns-specific phosphoinositide 3-kinase activity in mammalian cells. Unlike the previously identified, broad-specificity mammalian phosphoinositide kinase, this enzyme is resistant to the drug wortmannin and uses only PtdIns as a substrate in vitro; it therefore has the capacity to generate PtdIns 3-phosphate specifically. The newly characterized enzyme, which was purified by chromatography from cytosol, has biochemical and pharmacological characteristics distinct from those of the broad-specificity enzyme.
CONCLUSIONS:
The enzyme we have characterized may serve to generate PtdIns 3-phosphate for fundamentally different roles in the cell from those of PtdIns (3,4)-bisphosphate and/or PtdIns (3,4,5)-trisphosphate. Furthermore, the functions of the VSP34 gene product, which may not be relevant to the broad-specificity mammalian phosphoinositide 3-kinase, may be related to those of the enzyme we describe
Recognition of viral glycoproteins by influenza A-specific cross- reactive cytolytic T lymphocytes
No full textTwo populations of cytolytic T lymphocytes (CTL) generated after influenza A virus infection can be distinguished into one with specificity for the sensitizing hemagglutinin type and a second with cross-reactivity for antigens induced by other type-A influenza viruses. The molecules carrying the antigenic determinants recognized by the cross-reactive CTL were studied. In L-929 cells abortively infected with fowl plague virus, matrix (M) protein synthesis is specifically inhibited, whereas the envelope glycoproteins, hemagglutinin and neuraminidase, are synthesized and incorporated into the plasma membrane. These target cells were lysed by cross-reactive CTL. The envelope proteins of type A/Victoria virus were separated from the other virion components and reconstituted into lipid vesicles that lacked M protein that subsequently were used to prepare artificial target cells. Target-cell formation with vesicles was achieved by addition of fusion-active Sendai virus. These artificial target cells were also susceptible to lysis by cross-reactive CTL. In contrast to previous observations that suggested that the M protein of influenza viruses is recognized by these effector cells, we present evidence that the antigencic determinants induced by the viral glycoproteins are recognized
Handwritten biographical information on Paulina T. McClung Merritt
No full textA handwritten biography of Paulina T. McClung Merritt by an unknown author, 1892.
Heterogeneous and tissue-specific regulation of effector T cell responses by IFN-gamma during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection.
No full textIFN-γ and T cells are both required for the development of experimental cerebral malaria during Plasmodium berghei ANKA infection. Surprisingly, however, the role of IFN-γ in shaping the effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cell response during this infection has not been examined in detail. To address this, we have compared the effector T cell responses in wild-type and IFN-γ(-/-) mice during P. berghei ANKA infection. The expansion of splenic CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells during P. berghei ANKA infection was unaffected by the absence of IFN-γ, but the contraction phase of the T cell response was significantly attenuated. Splenic T cell activation and effector function were essentially normal in IFN-γ(-/-) mice; however, the migration to, and accumulation of, effector CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells in the lung, liver, and brain was altered in IFN-γ(-/-) mice. Interestingly, activation and accumulation of T cells in various nonlymphoid organs was differently affected by lack of IFN-γ, suggesting that IFN-γ influences T cell effector function to varying levels in different anatomical locations. Importantly, control of splenic T cell numbers during P. berghei ANKA infection depended on active IFN-γ-dependent environmental signals--leading to T cell apoptosis--rather than upon intrinsic alterations in T cell programming. To our knowledge, this is the first study to fully investigate the role of IFN-γ in modulating T cell function during P. berghei ANKA infection and reveals that IFN-γ is required for efficient contraction of the pool of activated T cells
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Pelevin’s Trinity in the novel “t”: author – protagonist – reader
No full textThe article attempts to interpret Pelevin's artistic strategy in the novel "T" by exploring its subject organization and addressing the key problems of the author, the protagonist, and the reader as they are seen by the researcher. The article analyzes the peculiarities of constructing the narrative reality in the novel "T", and goes on to discuss Pelevin's philosophic models of the development of the humankind, and the emergence of his new anthropology
Measuring industry-science links through inventor-author relations: A profiling method
No full textIn this pilot study we examine the performance of text-based profiling in recovering a set of validated inventor-author links. In a first step we match patents and publications solely based on their similarity in content. Next, we compare inventor and author names on the highest ranked matches for the occurrence of name matches. Finally, we compare these candidate matches with the names listed in a validated set of inventor-author names. Our text-based profile methodology performs significantly better than a random matching of patents and publications, suggesting that text-based profiling is a valuable complementary tool to the name searches used in previous studies.innovation; industry-science links; text-based profiling;
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