1,725,516 research outputs found
The Social Banditry in the Rural Areas of Rembang by the End of the 19th Century and at the Beginning of the 20th Century
Full text linkThe social banditry is the act of crime committed by the residents of a
village or the people in the low economic and social stratum in order to fulfill their
basic needs. Such an act is done due to the structural pressure which depresses the
people in accessing the natural resources that support their lives. This structural
pressure kept increasing in the rural areas of Rembang by the end of the 19th
century,
particularly after the issuance of the law on forestry in 1865 that enabled the forestry
capitalism to be established. The limitation in the people’s access to the state forest
as the manifestation of the domain concept and the exploitation of the teak forests
done by the private businessmen became the trigger to the increasing acts of crime in
the rural areas of Rembang. The scarcity of the local economic resources due to such
natural factors as barren land and structural factors as the result of the penetration
of the external power became the main trigger to the social banditry to take place in
Rembang. There were many kinds of social banditry, such as illegal logging, robbery,
“kecu” (burglary), theft of possessions, etc. which were done against the assets owned
by both the state and the individuals/groups.
KEY WORDS: Social banditry, forest village, Rembang area, economic resources,
and colonial exploitation
O czym warto pamiętać, stosując przewlekle inhibitory pompy protonowej?
No full textInhibitory pompy protonowej (proton pump inhibitors, PPI) powszechnie uznawane są za skuteczną i bezpieczną
grupę leków i znajdują szerokie zastosowanie w leczeniu chorób zależnych od wydzielania kwasu solnego
w żołądku. Jednak podobnie jak inne leki mogą powodować istotne skutki uboczne. Większość z nich wynika
bezpośrednio z zahamowania produkcji kwasu solnego przez komórki okładzinowe, hipochlorhydrii i wtórnej
hipergastrynemii, ale możliwe są także objawy wynikające z immunosupresji i nadwrażliwości na leki. Potencjal‑
ne efekty uboczne stosowania PPI obejmują niedobór witamin i składników mineralnych, powikłania infekcyjne
pod postacią pozaszpitalnego zapalenia płuc i biegunki bakteryjnej, złamania szyjki kości udowej i kości kręgo‑
słupa oraz rozwój osteoporozy. Wiele badań oceniało do tej pory efekty uboczne powstające w trakcie przewle‑
kłego leczenia za pomocą PPI, jednak większość z nich miało jedynie charakter obserwacyjny, a ich wyniki były
niejednorodne i narażone na istotne błędy. Mimo potencjalnego ryzyka z leczenia za pomocą PPI nie należy
rezygnować u osób, u których może ono przynieść korzyści kliniczne. Leki te powinny być stosowane zgodnie
ze wskazaniami i wypracowanymi algorytmami postępowania. W leczeniu przewlekłym stosuje się najmniejszą
skuteczną dawkę PPI. W przypadku wystąpienia hipomagnezemii lub śródmiąższowego zapalenia nerek leki te
powinny być odstawione. Warto pamiętać, że szereg prostych zaleceń może istotnie poprawić bezpieczeństwo
leczenia, mimo że mechanizmy, poprzez które PPI wywołują efekty uboczne, nie są do końca poznane
Preliminary finding on the axiological potentional of obituary headlines in the contemporary British press : the proposal of axiological linguistic analysis
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Kszta\u142towanie si\u119 systemu warto\u15bci od dzieci\u144stwa do wczesnej doros\u142o\u15bci
No full textS\u142owa kluczowe: psychologia warto\u15bci; teoria warto\u15bci Shaloma Schwartza; warto\u15bci w strukturze osobowo\u15bci; rozw\uf3j systemu warto\u15bci w okresie dzieci\u144stwa i dorastania; badania skoncentrowane na zmiennyc
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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