525 research outputs found
Jacob Viner’s Reminiscences from the New Deal (February 11, 1953)
No full textThis paper presents and reproduces an unpublished oral history interview given by Jacob Viner in 1953. The interview released by Viner for the Columbia Oral History Project gives us a valuable opportunity to throw light on his advisory activity during the New Deal Era. In our introduction we attempt to make a critical appraisal of Viner's reminiscences and to state the contribution they can provide to our general knowledge of the period. In addition, we also attempt to find out some biographical and interpretative elements useful to understand Viner’s own vision and his contribution to important economic policy processes during the New Deal.
THE THEOLOGICAL FOUNDATION OF ADAM SMITH'S WORK
No full textThe paper will discuss the theological foundation to Smith's writings. Teleology, final causes and divine design were initially seen as central to understanding Smith's writings. Over time, this view fell out of fashion. In the period after World War II, with the rise of positivism, commentators tended to overlook or downplay this interpretation. In the last decade, or so, teleology has started to be restored to its former position as an essential element in understanding Smith. After spelling out Smith's teleology and his view of final causes, divine design and the ends of nature, we try to explain the Panglossian nature of the 'new theistic view' of Smith. While our view differs somewhat, we agree with the essence of the 'new view' claim: a theological view exists in Smith which underpins his moral and economic theories.Political Economy,
Stephen Crane and the mass media
No full textThe influence of European painting and literature in Stephen Crane’s pre-Red Badge of Courage work has been overstated by most twentieth century critics. Stephen Crane’s portrayals of New York poverty in the 1890s was profoundly shaped by the more immediate influence of the American mass media, specifically by religious anti-slum tracts, the documentary photographs of Jacob Riis and Alfred Stieglitz, the “new” journalism that blurred the distinction between the newspaper and the novel, and color print advertising. Maggie: a Girl from the Streets and his freelance newspaper articles written between 1892 and 1894 provide ample evidence of Crane’s participation in the sensational mass media, which often transformed urban poverty into middle-class entertainment.M.A.Includes bibliographical referencesby Adam Broc
“Polish” Rilke
No full textThe publication of Katarzyna Kuczyńska-Koschany’s book "Rycerz i Śmierć. O Elegiach duinejskich Rainera Marii Rilkego" fills the large gap in Polish research on Rilke as it is the first monographic study of the "Duino elegies". The author of the book interprets individual elegies and discusses their mutual relationships within the whole of the cycle in a very personal way, appealing to her own reading and poetical sensibility.
Simultaneously, the author supports her analysis with the theoretical foundations created by acclaimed and reputed German researchers of Rilke’s literary output such as Käte Hamburger, Beda Allemann, Manfred Engel and Jacob Steiner, among others. In her considerations, the author also refers to Polish translation of the elegies, notably those made by Mieczysław Jastrun and Adam Pomorski, also providing their critical interpretation.Poznańskie Studia Polonistyczne. Seria Literack
A critical edition of Mordecai Qazaz's Crimean Karaim poem Adam oglu 'Man's son'
No full textThis paper presents a critical edition of Mordecai Qazaz's poem Adam oglu 'Man's son' written in Crimean Karaim probably at the end of the 18th century. It was published in 1841 under another title by Jacob Firkovich who did not provide the name of its author. This publication has not yet been examined. It is only now that we can identify it with Adam oglu. In the present edition, the text is edited on the basis of four manuscripts and the printed edition. Attempt was made to established the basic form of the poem and discuss language features
The five Biblical compendia of Johann Jacob Schmidt
No full textJohann Jacob Schmidt, pastor na Pomorzu w XVIII wieku, był autorem pięciu kompendiów biblijnych, które miały służyć jako pomoc w studium Biblii. Skupiając się na Ziemi Świętej, Schmidt przedstawił w tych kompendiach szczegółowy opis geografii, historii, zwyczajów i wiedzy przyrodniczej, w tym astronomii i medycyny w czasach biblijnych, aby pokazać prawdziwość Biblii i jej żywotne znaczenie dla każdego czytelnika, szczególnie w sprawach duchowych.Johann Jacob Schmidt, a pastor in eighteenth century Pomerania, was an author of five Biblical compendia intended as a help for a detailed study of the Bible. With the focus of the Holy Land, Schmidt provided in these compendia detailed description of the geography, history, customs, and natural knowledge including astronomy and medicine of Biblical times to show the veracity of the Bible and its relevance to any reader of any time, particularly in spiritual matters.Johann Jacob Schmidt, im 18. Jahrhundert Pfarrer in Pommern, war der Autor von fünf biblischen Kompendien, die als Hilfestellung beim Bibelstudium dienen sollten. Mit dem Fokus auf das Heilige Land lieferte Schmidt in diesen Kompendien eine detaillierte Darstellung der Geographie, Geschichte, Bräuche und Naturwissenschaften, einschließlich Astronomie und Medizin in biblischer Zeit, um jedem Leser, insbesondere in spirituellen, die Wahrhaftigkeit der Bibel und ihre lebenswichtige Bedeutung zu zeigen Angelegenheiten
Essays in Nonlinear Econometrics
No full textIn this dissertation, I study standard models, but investigate the necessity of (possibly large) deviations from basic assumptions. In Chapter 1, my co-author Ross Askanazi and I revisit the use of factor models in finance. Historical literature on the subject decomposes volatility into a factor component (systemic risk) and a remainder (idiosyncratic risk). Recent work has suggested that a market shock to volatility may increase both systemic risk and idiosyncratic risk — specifically, that idiosyncratic volatility of US equities data has a factor structure, with the factor highly correlated with, and possibly precisely the market volatility. In this paper we attempt to characterize the underlying factor and find that it can be decomposed into a statistical (PCA) and structural (market volatility) factor. We also show that this feature is more common than expected, appearing in diverse sets of financial data. Lastly, we find that this dual-factor approach is slightly dominated in forecasting environments by a single statistical factor. In Chapter 2 I revisit the classical Vector Autoregression (VAR) model, but allow parameters to time-vary. Time-Varying parameter models have be- come more popular in recent years, especially as they are adapted to accommodate larger datasets. However, all recent developments use standard priors, specifically the Inverse-Wishart class of priors over the parameter error covariance matrix. In this paper, I show that Inverse-Wishart priors have a number of negative properties, and that those properties are salient in a TVP context since there is little information from the likelihood. Fully aware of these deficiencies, the Bayesian Random Effects literature has developed a series of uninformative priors to correct these weaknesses. In this paper, I adapt one of those priors into an informative and easily understandable prior for covariances. I show that the new prior effects posterior inference and displays improved frequentist properties. I apply my prior to the canonical Primiceri (2005) dataset and find that their results were sensitive to the choice of prior. I further apply the prior to two forecasting exercises and find that while it improves forecasts for the Primiceri data, it does not for an alternative (larger) dataset
A single amino acid distorts the Fc γ receptor IIIb/CD16b structure upon binding immunoglobulin G1 and reduces affinity relative to CD16a
No full textTherapeutic mAbs engage Fc γ receptor III (CD16) to elicit a protective cell-mediated response and destroy the target tissue. Newer drugs designed to bind CD16a with increased affinity surprisingly also elicit protective CD16b-mediated responses. However, it is unclear why IgG binds CD16a with more than 10-fold higher affinity than CD16b even though these receptors share more than 97% identity. Here we identified one residue, Gly-129, that contributes to the greater IgG binding affinity of CD16a. The CD16b variant D129G bound IgG1 Fc with 2-fold higher affinity than CD16a and with 90-fold higher affinity than the WT. Conversely, the binding affinity of CD16a-G129D was decreased 128-fold relative to WT CD16a and comparably to that of WT CD16b. The interaction of IgG1 Fc with CD16a, but not with CD16b, is known to be sensitive to the composition of the asparagine-linked carbohydrates (N-glycans) attached to the receptor. CD16a and CD16b-D129G displaying minimally processed oligomannose N-glycans bound to IgG1 Fc with about 5.2-fold increased affinity compared with variants with highly processed complex-type N-glycans. CD16b and the CD16a-G129D variant exhibited a smaller 1.9-fold affinity increase with oligomannose N-glycans. A model of glycosylated CD16b bound to IgG1 Fc determined to 2.2 Å resolution combined with a 250-ns all-atom molecular dynamics simulation showed that the larger Asp-129 residue deformed the Fc-binding surface. These results reveal how Asp-129 in CD16b affects its binding affinity for IgG1 Fc and suggest that antibodies engineered to engage CD16b with high affinity must accommodate the Asp-129 side chain.This research was originally published in the Journal of Biological Chemistry. Roberts, Jacob T., and Adam W. Barb. "A single amino acid distorts the Fc γ receptor IIIb/CD16b structure upon binding immunoglobulin G1 and reduces affinity relative to CD16a." Journal of Biological Chemistry 293, no. 51 (2018): 19899-19908. © the Author(s). doi: 10.1074/jbc.RA118.005273.</p
Possession and power: the legal culture of tenancy in the United States, 1800-1920
No full textAs urbanization, emancipation, and the expansion of capitalized farming transformed the American landscape between 1800 and 1920, tenancy rates spiked in crowded cities, Southern cotton and tobacco fields, and Midwestern corn and wheat farms. Tenancy was neither the inevitable outcome of market forces, nor a hegemonic order imposed by a powerful few. Rather, its structures emerged from above and below. It emerged from thousands of small and large decisions made by politicians, judges, and attorneys, who expanded the role of law as a tool for growing the economy and widening opportunity for white men, while confining the rights of “racialized others” and women to participate equally in political, social, and economic life. It also emerged from the demands of white men of small property, who hoped tenancy could provide a path toward upward mobility, civic equality, and control over their households, and from complicated political negotiations between landed and commercial interests. And, it emerged from the legal and extralegal maneuvers of the dispossessed—freedpeople, single women, immigrants—who depended on tenancies as a way to secure a measure of independence. By comparing how landlord-tenant relations adapted to and shaped the political economy and hierarchies of race, gender, and class in the North, South, and Midwest, this project has recovered tenancy’s elusive place amid this process of legal transformation.Ph.D.Includes bibliographical referencesby Adam Jacob Wolkof
Spektakl w teatrze marionetek : o wierszu Stanisława Barańczaka "Bist Du bei mir"
No full textThis essay presents an interpretation of Stanisław Barańczak’s Bist du bei
mir – a poem that has often been the subject of literary studies. The author
refers to the poem’s motto – a fragment of an aria by Gottfried Heinrich
Stölzel from Clavierbüchlein für Anna Magdalena Bach, often falsely attributed
to Johann Sebastian Bach. She also points at the context of mystical
poetry: Adam Mickiewicz’s epigrams from Zdania i uwagi z dzieł Jakuba Bema, Anioła Ślązaka (Angelus Silesius) i Sę-Martena [Sentences and
remarks. From the works of Jacob Böhme, Angelus Silesius, and St. Martin]
and G. Herbert’s poems translated by Barańczak. In the author’s reading,
the poet, in an ironic gesture of reference, strips the reader of literary
delusions, discovering deeply tragic dimensions of life and, possibly, also
of personal experience of suffering
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