1,720,988 research outputs found
Russian-Chinese Trade in Kyakhta — Trade Development and Volume Indicators 1727–1861
No full textThe study looks at the trade quantification, and documents single stages of the Russian-Chinese trade exchange in Kyakhta and May-ma-chen between 1727 and 1861. It is divided into three sections. The first one deals with an appraisal of available volume indicators that relates to the exchange trading. Based on findings and confronting other analysed spheres, the author defines the basic stages of the trade development in the monitored period. What he demonstrates is that the trade was greatly affected by political and geographical factors, and the fact that both countries did not attach equal importance to it. The trade in Kyakhta had never reached extent it could have had, but fell into rapid decline as soon as an alternative, cheaper way to trade exchange between Russia and China had appeared. Yet it influenced the town and the whole region development, including culture and education spheres; in the second quarter of the 19th century it substantially contributed to Siberian economics, and in the early stage also to Russia industrialisation as it allowed Russia in economics terms to penetrate to the Far East. The final part deals with the global factors resulting in the decline, and the end of Russian-Chinese trade in Kyakhta, or replacement by other forms of trade exchange.172
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Anglo-French relations in India 1787–1794 in the mirror of governor-generals of British India sources
No full textThe study is devoted to the Anglo-French relations in India during the French Revolution, specifically in the years 1787–1794. The author in the introduction recapitulates historiography devoted to the impacts that the French Revolution had in European territorial possessions in India and the Indian Ocean. It refers to dominantly used to date the French sources stored in the National Archives in Paris, and especially the National Archives of Overseas Territories in Aix-en-Provence. On the basis of this analysis, and referring to sources from the office of Governor-Generals of the Presidency of Fort William in Calcutta untapped until now, he tries to reconstruct the Anglo-French relations in this area. In introduction he describes the political situation in India after the American War of Independence and the genesis of the French Company for India and China, the main partner of the British side in the observed period. On the basis of relevant documents analysis he defines two subsequent phases of mutual Anglo-French relationship: the period of friendship, business partnership and mutual assistance, which the French Revolution only disrupted to a limited extent (1786–1792) and the period of hostility after the French declared war on the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, which, however, for France in India brought about nothing but loss of important trading colonies (1793–1794).The study is devoted to the Anglo-French relations in India during the French Revolution, specifically in the years 1787–1794. The author in the introduction recapitulates historiography devoted to the impacts that the French Revolution had in European territorial possessions in India and the Indian Ocean. It refers to dominantly used to date the French sources stored in the National Archives in Paris, and especially the National Archives of Overseas Territories in Aix-en-Provence. On the basis of this analysis, and referring to sources from the office of Governor-Generals of the Presidency of Fort William in Calcutta untapped until now, he tries to reconstruct the Anglo-French relations in this area. In introduction he describes the political situation in India after the American War of Independence and the genesis of the French Company for India and China, the main partner of the British side in the observed period. On the basis of relevant documents analysis he defines two subsequent phases of mutual Anglo-French relationship: the period of friendship, business partnership and mutual assistance, which the French Revolution only disrupted to a limited extent (1786–1792) and the period of hostility after the French declared war on the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, which, however, for France in India brought about nothing but loss of important trading colonies (1793–1794)
Anglo-French relations in India 1787–1794 in the mirror of governor-generals of British India sources
Full text linkThe study is devoted to the Anglo-French relations in India during the French Revolution, specifically in the years 1787–1794. The author in the introduction recapitulates historiography devoted to the impacts that the French Revolution had in European territorial possessions in India and the Indian Ocean. It refers to dominantly used to date the French sources stored in the National Archives in Paris, and especially the National Archives of Overseas Territories in Aix-en-Provence. On the basis of this analysis, and referring to sources from the office of Governor-Generals of the Presidency of Fort William in Calcutta untapped until now, he tries to reconstruct the Anglo-French relations in this area. In introduction he describes the political situation in India after the American War of Independence and the genesis of the French Company for India and China, the main partner of the British side in the observed period. On the basis of relevant documents analysis he defines two subsequent phases of mutual Anglo-French relationship: the period of friendship, business partnership and mutual assistance, which the French Revolution only disrupted to a limited extent (1786–1792) and the period of hostility after the French declared war on the United Kingdom and the Netherlands, which, however, for France in India brought about nothing but loss of important trading colonies (1793–1794)
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