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The predacious capacity of two natural enemies of Thrips palmi Karny, Cam pylomma chinensis Schuh (Hemiptera: Miridae) and Onus sautenl (Popplus) (Hemiptera: Anthocoridae)
No full text茄園中華斑腿盲樁象(Campylomma chinensis Schuh)發生較曹氏小黑花樁象(Orius sauteri (Poppius))普遍。兩者以茄葉與南黃薊馬(Thrips palmi Karny)幼蟲為食物，於20、25、30℃下，若蟲均於30℃發育最快且每日之平均捕食量最高；前者之若蟲發育需12.6日，其間共捕食薊馬146.0隻，後者之若蟲發育需10.9日，共捕食薊馬127.4隻；中華斑腿盲樁象羽化率以25℃之75.0％最高；曹氏小黑花樁象羽化率以25℃與30℃時分別為65.0％與57.1％較高。此兩種樁象對南黃薊馬、棉蚜(Aphis gossypii Glover)及神澤葉蟎(Tetranychus kanzawai Kishida)的捕食無明顯偏好性。兩種樁象對供試獵物之捕食時間大多於5～8分鐘內結束，唯小黑花樁象吸食蚜蟲每次花費14分鐘以上。只供給茄葉而無任何獵物無法使此兩種樁象之初孵化若蟲生存3日以上。在供給茄葉與外米綴蛾(Corcyra cephalonica Stainton)卵、或薊馬、蚜蟲、葉蟎等數種不同食物組合中，中華斑腿盲樁象若蟲捕食薊馬時生存率(75.0%）高於捕食蛾卵（15.0%）或葉蟎（25.0%）或蚜蟲（40.0%)，每隻盲樁象一生平均可捕食薊馬485～498隻，或葉蟎152～168隻，或蚜蟲189～196隻。曹氏小黑花樁象若蟲取食薊馬時存活率65.0%，高於取食蛾卵(26.3%)或葉蟏(31.6%)，每隻花樁象一生共捕食薊馬238～306隻，或葉蝸508～632隻。
In eggplant field, Cam pylomma chinensis Schuh existed with higher population densities than O. sauteri (Poppius). When nymphs of C. chinensis and O. sauteri were fed with eggplant leaf and thrips (Thrips paimi Karny) larvae under 20, 25 and 30℃ the average number of thrips consumed per day were highest under 30℃, the C. chinensis developed to adult in 12.6 days and consumed 146.0 thrips, and the O. sauteri developed in 10.9 days and consumed 127.4 thrips. The survival rate of C. chinensis from nymph to adult under 25℃ was 75.0%, higher than it under 20℃ (60.0%) and 30℃ (50.0%). The survival rate of O. sauteri was 65.0% and 57.1% under 25℃ and 30℃, respectively, higher than it of 20℃ (16.7%). Both bugs did not show evident preference on food selection among thrips, spidcr mites (Tctrnychus kanzawai Kishida), and aphids (Aphis gossypii Glover). When feeding, a sting generally lasted from five to eight minutes, except that Onus bug spent over 14 minutes in average to suck the aphid. The newly hatched bugs of both species fed with eggplant leaf without any preys died within three days. Nymphs of C. chinensis showed higher survival rate (75.0%) when fed with thrips than with mites (25.0%), or aphids (40.0%) or moth (Corcyra cephalonica Stainton) eggs (15.0%). In average, one Campylomma bug ate 485-498 thrips, or 152-168 mites, or 189-196 aphids in its whole life. Nymph of O. sauteri showed higher survival rate (65.0%) when fed with thrips than with mites (31.6%), or with eggs (26.3%). One Onus bug ate 238-306
thrips, or 50 8-632 mites in its whole life
Fermentation of Monascus purpureus on bacterial cellulose-nata and the color stability of Monascus-nata complex.
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Temperature Dependent Emission of Strontium-Barium Orthosilicate (Sr(2-x)Ba(x))SiO(4):Eu(2+) Phosphors for High-Power White Light-Emitting Diodes
No full textVariations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
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