1,720,981 research outputs found
Aufstehen, Hingehen, Treppensteigen – die gesundheitliche Relevanz von Alltagsaktivitäten
No full textBucksch J, Wallmann-Sperlich B. Aufstehen, Hingehen, Treppensteigen – die gesundheitliche Relevanz von Alltagsaktivitäten. Public Health Forum. 2016;24(2):73-75
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
Built and natural environment correlates of physical activity of adults living in rural areas: a systematic review
No full text<jats:title>Abstract</jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Background</jats:title><jats:p>According to social-ecological models, the built and natural environment has the potential to facilitate or hinder physical activity (PA). While this potential is well researched in urban areas, a current systematic review of how the built and natural environment is related to PA in rural areas is lacking.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods</jats:title><jats:p>We searched five databases and included studies for adults (18–65 years) living in rural areas. We included quantitative studies investigating the association between any self-reported or objectively measured characteristic of the built or natural environment and any type of self-reported or objectively measured PA, and qualitative studies that reported on features of the built or natural environment perceived as barriers to or facilitators of PA by the participants. Screening for eligibility and quality assessment (using the Standard Quality Assessment Criteria for Evaluating Primary Research Papers from a Variety of Fields) were done in duplicate. We used a narrative approach to synthesize the results.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results</jats:title><jats:p>Of 2432 non-duplicate records, 51 quantitative and 19 qualitative studies were included. Convincing positive relationships were found between the availability and accessibility of places for exercise and recreation and leisure-time PA as well as between the overall environment and leisure-time PA. Possible positive associations were found between the overall environment and total and transport-related PA, between greenness/natural environment and total PA, between cycling infrastructure and aesthetics and MVPA, and between pedestrian infrastructure and total walking. A possible negative relationship was found between safety and security and total walking. Qualitative studies complemented several environmental facilitators (facilities for exercise and recreation, sidewalks or streets with low traffic, attractive natural environment) and barriers (lack of facilities and destinations, lack of sidewalks, speeding traffic and high traffic volumes, lack of street lighting).</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions</jats:title><jats:p>Research investigating the relationship between the built and natural environment and PA behaviors of adults living in rural areas is still limited and there is a need for more high-quality and longitudinal studies. However, our most positive findings indicate that investing in places for exercise and recreation, a safe infrastructure for active transport, and nature-based activities are possible strategies that should be considered to address low levels of PA in rural adults.</jats:p></jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Trial registration</jats:title><jats:p>PROSPERO: CRD42021283508.</jats:p></jats:sec>
Anchoring physically active university teaching in the curriculum. An empirical study on expectations, teaching competency enhancement, and body awareness from a student perspective
Full text linkDen Körper über Bewegung und körperliche Aktivierung in Lehr-Lernkontexte einzubinden ist im Hochschulkontext selten zu finden. Es dominiert die kognitive und geistige Leistungserbringung in ruhender, sitzender Haltung. Mit der Evaluation eines curricular verankerten Moduls zur Bewegungsaktivierung in Lehr-Lernkontexten wurde eine Lehrkompetenzerweiterung und Körpersensibilisierung bei Lehramtsstudierenden (n=144) untersucht. Es zeigt sich ein geringes Vorwissen der Studierenden zu lernbezogener Bewegungsaktivierung sowie eine durchweg positive Resonanz auf das Seminar und die Lehrkompetenzerweiterung mit unmittelbarer Relevanz für ihren späteren Beruf. Darüber hinaus wird eine erhöhte Sensibilisierung für den Umgang mit dem Körper und der Bewegung im Studien- und Arbeitsalltags sichtbar. (DIPF/Orig.)Incorporating the body through movement and physical activation into teaching-learning contexts is rarely found in higher education. Cognitive and mental performance dominates in a stationary, seated posture. Through the evaluation of a curriculum-embedded module on physical activation in teaching-learning contexts, the expansion of teaching competence and body awareness among education students (n=144) was examined. Results show a low level of student knowledge regarding learning-related movement activation, alongside consistent positive feedback on the seminar and the expansion of teaching competence with immediate relevance to their future profession. Additionally, an increased awareness of handling the body and movement in everyday academic and professional life becomes apparent. (DIPF/Orig.
Physical Activity during Work, Transport and Leisure in Germany - Prevalence and Socio-Demographic Correlates
Full text linkBackground
This study aimed 1) to provide data estimates concerning overall moderate- and vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) as well as MVPA during work, transport and leisure in Germany and 2) to investigate MVPA and possible associations with socio-demographic correlates.
Methods
A cross-sectional telephone survey interviewed 2248 representative participants in the age of 18–65 years (1077 men; 42.4±13.4 years; body mass index: 25.3±4.5kg•m−2) regarding their self-reported physical activity across Germany. The Global Physical Activity Questionnaire was applied to investigate MVPA during work, transport and leisure and questions were answered concerning their demographics. MVPA was stratified by gender, age, body mass index, residential setting, educational and income level. To identify socio-demographic correlates of overall MVPA as well as in the domains, we used a series of linear regressions.
Results
52.8% of the sample achieved physical activity recommendations (53.7% men/52.1% women). Overall MVPA was highest in the age group 18–29 years (p<.05), in participants with 10 years of education (p<.05) and in participants with lowest income levels <1.500€ (p<.05). Regression analyses revealed that age, education and income were negatively associated with overall and work MVPA. Residential setting and education was positively correlated with transport MVPA, whereas income level was negatively associated with transport MVPA. Education was the only correlate for leisure MVPA with a positive association.
Conclusions
The present data underlines the importance of a comprehensive view on physical activity engagement according to the different physical activity domains and discloses a need for future physical activity interventions that consider socio-demographic variables, residential setting as well as the physical activity domain in Germany
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