1,721,061 research outputs found
The dog that would never bite? The past and future of the Stability and Growth Pact
Full text linkThis paper analyses the underlying reasons for the creation of the Stability and Growth Pact (SGP) and its subsequent development in recent years. The paper examines the economic and political factors behind it, including the role of economic ideas, experts, politicians, institutional arrangements in the Maastricht Treaty, domestic politics, and the exceptional position of Germany in the realm of monetary integration in the EU. It concludes that a set of commonly held beliefs together with a corresponding power-political constellation explain the creation of the SGP. -- Das Papier analysiert die grundlegenden Bedingungen für das Zustandekommen des Stabilitäts- und Wachstumspakts (SGP) und seiner Entwicklung in den Folgejahren. Es werden ökonomische und politische Faktoren untersucht, insbesondere die Rolle wirtschaftspolitischer Vorstellungen und den Einfluss von Experten, Politikern, institutioneller Regelungen im Maastricht Vertrag, innenpolitischer Vorgänge und die Sonderstellung Deutschlands im Bereich der Europäischen Währungsunion. Die gemeinschaftlichen wirtschaftspolitischen Vorstellungen werden als notwendige Bedingung für die Schaffung des Paktes aufgefasst, und ihr Zusammentreffen mit einer entsprechenden machtpolitischen Spielkonstellation wird als dessen hinreichende Erklärung verstanden.
The political institutions of the European union
No full textThis chapter provides an overview of the main executive and legislative institutions of the European Union (EU): the European Council, the European Commission, the Council of the EU, and the European Parliament (EP). Executive power in the EU is exercised by the European Council, where the heads of state or government meet to set political guidelines, and by the European Commission, which prepares policy proposals, monitors the implementation of legislation, and manages the EU's day-to-day operations. Legislative power in the EU is exercised by the EP and by the Council of the EU, which together form a bicameral legislature. The interplay of these institutions results in a political system that is characterized by extensive checks and balances and a consensus-oriented style of decision making.</p
The political institutions of the European union
No full textThis chapter provides an overview of the main executive and legislative institutions of the European Union (EU): the European Council, the European Commission, the Council of the EU, and the European Parliament (EP). Executive power in the EU is exercised by the European Council, where the heads of state or government meet to set political guidelines, and by the European Commission, which prepares policy proposals, monitors the implementation of legislation, and manages the EU's day-to-day operations. Legislative power in the EU is exercised by the EP and by the Council of the EU, which together form a bicameral legislature. The interplay of these institutions results in a political system that is characterized by extensive checks and balances and a consensus-oriented style of decision making.</p
Bridges over Convulsing Waters: the EU aspiring Eastern Partners’ Role in the Regional Governance
Full text linkThe enlargement of the European Union (EU) to the East in 2004 and 2007 so as to include ten former communist countries and two small Mediterranean islands has triggered new questions on the nature of EU governance. We argue that the accession of Central and Eastern European countries (CEECs) to the EU has affected governance patterns in the EU and beyond. Undeniably, the most recent waves of enlargement have had feed-back effects on Europeanisation mechanisms (Grabbe 2006). Also, the European Neighbourhood Policy (ENP) conditionality attached to the Eastern partners will likely follow similar patterns. The EU is proud of its Enlargement policy, “one of the most successful EU policies”i, and is inclined to extend the enlargement mechanisms to future frameworks as the ENP. Through the example of Ukraine, Moldova and Georgia, and possibly Belarus, we argue that the ENP conditionality contributes to the EU's governance export in the same way the preparations for the fifth Eastern enlargement did. Furthermore, we advance the idea that complying with ENP conditionality may bring EU aspiring Eastern partners closer to accession
EUROSEM CSR Dataset
No full textThe EUROSEM CSR Dataset was created as a part of the Jean Monnet Network EUROSEM: ‘The Politics of the European Semester’ at the University of Victoria’s Department of Political Science (2018-2022). It provides researchers with data on all country-specific recommendations (CSR) put forward by the European Commission in the European Semester. For the dataset, all CSRs to member states of the euro area from 2012 to 2019 have been considered. The data has been manually coded by a group of researchers familiar with language used in official EU publications. Each country has been assigned to two coders who reviewed and coded the CSRs independently. Their codings have been controlled for intercoder reliability. In total, 1875 CSRs are included in the dataset: 517 ‘headline CSRs’ that include the general policy guidance by the European Commission in a broad policy area for the country in question, as well as 1268 ‘sub-CSRs’ which focus on targeted elements of the broader guidance.
The EUROSEM CSR Dataset was created with support of the ERASMUS+ Programme of the European Union. The European Commission's support for the production of this publication does not constitute an endorsement of the contents, which reflect the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein
Historical Institutionalism in the Study of European Integration
No full textSince the 1990s, historical institutionalism has established itself as a frequently used approach in the study of European integration. One basic tenet of those who use this approach is to take history seriously in the study of European integration—in particular how historical choices on institutionalizing particular procedures and policies explain subsequent patterns of agency. Looking at the manner in which time and institutional structures affect outcomes is central in this approach. In the context of the European Union (EU), the works that have adopted this approach have typically examined developments in policies and institutions over time. While sharing with other institutionalist approaches (such as rational choice and sociological institutionalism) the recognition that “institutions matter,” historical institutionalism introduced particular concepts such as “path dependence” and “critical juncture” into the study of the EU. The distinct contribution here is the capacity of historical institutionalism to explain the persistence of institutional structures and the continuity of policies as well as the reasons for change. In the study of European integration, this approach has been adopted in many areas of research, ranging from studies about the legal foundations of the EU, the workings within institutions of the EU, the process of enlargement, to analyses of various sectors of EU policy-making, and the study of the multiple crises confronting the integration project in the 2010s
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Policy regimes toward female genital mutilation: a comparative analysis of the strategies for eradication in France and the Netherlands
No full textFemale genital mutilation, or FGM, is a harmful traditional practice that was brought to Europe by immigrants from practising regions in Africa. Despite numerous approaches to the eradication of FGM, the tradition perpetuates within the immigrant communities in several European countries. Drawing on the available literature, film and interviews, this thesis presents a comparison of the French and Dutch strategies to tackling the problem of FGM. The thesis argues that the Dutch preventative approach could benefit from adopting particular features of the French punitive approach. The thesis concludes by proposing that strong legislative measures that apply to the discovery, investigation and prosecution of FGM cases have contributed significantly to the decline of FGM among practising communities in France, and as such, would have similar results if incorporated into the Dutch strategy for the eradication of FGM
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
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