1,721,025 research outputs found
Silicon Strip Detector (SSD) Power Supply System: characterization and acceptance tests
No full textThis work describes the main features of the ALICE Silicon Strip Detector (SSD) Power Supply System, the characterization and acceptance tests performed during the prototyping phase and the acceptance tests performed during the production phase with an ad-hoc built test system
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Resonance results in 7 TeV pp collisions with the ALICE detector at the LHC
No full textShort lived hadronic resonances are a very important tool for the study of the dynamics of the matter produced in heavy-ion collisions since they should be sensitive to the medium properties such as temperature, density and expansion velocity. In particular they are sensitive to the time span between chemical and kinetic freeze-out of the hadronic phase of the fireball. The study of resonances in 7 TeV pp collisions is useful both in order to constrain QCD inspired models and to form a baseline for the production in heavy-ion collisions. The resonances (892), \phiup(1020), , (1520), (1530) are reconstructed from their hadronic decay using data collected by the ALICE detector in pp collisions at 7 TeV. Their yields and spectra are compared with Monte Carlo models such as PHOJET and different PYTHIA tunes
Study of the strange resonance Sigma (1385) as a tool for the analysis of the dynamics of the Quark Gluon Plasma in the ALICE experiment at LHC
Get PDF2009/2010La presente tesi si basa sul lavoro da me e ettuato nell'ambito della collaborazione
ALICE. L'obiettivo scientifi co principale dell'esperimento é quello di investigare le proprietà della materia fortemente interagente fino alle elevatissime densità di energia (> 10 GeV/fm^3) e temperatura (~ 0.2 GeV) che verranno fornite da LHC e che ci si aspetta caratterizzino il mezzo formato nelle collisioni tra ioni pesanti a questi regimi. Calcoli di Cromo Dinamica Quantistica (QCD) su reticolo prevedono che in tali condizioni, il confi namento dei quark in adroni privi di carica di colore scompaia e si formi un plasma di quark e gluoni, denominato Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP). Nelle ultime due decadi, numerose indicazioni della formazione di questo stato della materia sono state osservate negli esperimenti al CERN-SPS ( sqrt{s_{NN}} = 17.3 GeV) e al BNL-RHIC ( sqrt{s_{NN}} = 200
GeV). ALICE, quindi, grazie alle energie con cui opera e potrà operare in futuro, aprirà
una porta in un regime totalmente nuovo e sinora inesplorato nel campo della sica delle
interazioni forti. Il primo capitolo della tesi descrive per linee generali i fondamenti della QCD descrivendo le basi della sica del Plasma di Quark e Gluoni. Si so erma quindi nella descrizione di grandezze caratteristiche del tipo di fisica sotto esame e delle osservabili (probes) che possono testimonare la comparsa del QGP nelle collisioni fra ioni pesanti, con attenzione particolare riguardo a quelle legate alla produzione di stranezza. Vengono
inoltre illustrati alcuni dei risultati principali ottenuti dagli esperimenti all'SPS e a RHIC nonché alcune delle primissime misure e ffettuate da ALICE.
Nel secondo capitolo é presentata una breve descrizione della macchina LHC seguita
da un'ampia panoramica delle varie componenti del rivelatore ALICE, delle rispettive prestazioni, nonché del framework di calcolo messo a punto per la gestione e l'analisi dell'enorme mole di dati prodotti dall'esperimento. Il terzo capitolo approfondisce in maniera piú specifi ca uno degli aspetti piú rilevanti della fi sica studiata da ALICE, ovvero la fi sica delle risonanze strane quale strumento per lo studio della evoluzione dinamica del QGP, in particolare durante la fase di ra reddamento.
Tra le numerose risonanze strane oggetto di possibile indagine, alcuni modelli
teorici conferiscono particolare rilevanza alla risonanza Sigma(1385) della quale verrano discusse le caratteristiche e gli studi che la concernono eff ettuati dall'esperimento STAR a RHIC.
Il quarto capitolo entra quindi nell'ambito speci fico del lavoro svolto per questa tesi,
ovvero lo studio della Sigma(1385) in ALICE, in collisioni protone-protone, nel canale di
decadimento forte Lambda-pi. Verranno dapprima illustrati gli studi eff ettuati su simulazioni protone-protone all'energia di 10 TeV nel centro di massa, realizzati al ne di mettere a punto la procedura di analisi. Saranno descritte la procedura implementata per l'estrazione del segnale, la valutazione del fondo ed il fi t ai dati, nonché lo studio portato avanti per l'ottimizzazione dei tagli implementati al fine di massimizzare il rapporto segnale su rumore e la valutazione delle incertezze sistematiche.
Il quinto ed ultimo capitolo illustrerà l'applicazione delle procedure descritte ai dati raccolti in collisioni protone-protone alle energie di 900 GeV e 7 TeV nel centro di massa, analisi fondamentale per il tuning dei modelli esistenti nonché come riferimento per le analisi in collisioni piombo-piombo che non rientrano nell'ambito di questa tesi. I tagli applicati sono stati quindi nuovamente ottimizzati in modo da verificare la bontà del metodo messo a punto su dati simulati e sono state valutate le incertezze sistematiche. Il capitolo termina con l'illustrazione dei risultati ottenuti. Dapprima i valori di massa e larghezza estratti dalle distribuzioni integrali in massa invariante, riscontrati in accordo
con i valori riportati nel Particle Data Book; poi gli spettri di fferenziali in funzione del momento e della massa trasversi opportunamente ttati. I risultati vengono infine confrontati sia con le simulazioni prodotte alla medesima energia realizzate sulla base di diversi modelli teorici sia, in via del tutto preliminare, con i risultati ottenuti da STAR a sqrt{s} = 200 GeV.This thesis work was carried out in the context of the ALICE collaboration. The
ALICE (A Large Ion Collider Experiment) experiment will study Pb-Pb collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) until the center of mass energy per nucleon pair
sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5.5 TeV, the highest ever reached. The main physics goal of the experiment is the creation and the investigation of the properties of the strongly-interacting matter in the conditions of high energy density (> 10 GeV/fm^3) and high temperatures (~ 0.2 GeV), expected to characterize the medium formed in central heavy-ion collisions at these energies. Under these conditions, according to lattice Quantum Chromo Dynamics (QCD) calculations, quark confinement into colorless hadrons should fade and a deconfined Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) should be formed. In the past two decades, experiments at CERN-SPS ( sqrt{s_{NN} = 17.3 GeV) and BNL-RHIC ( sqrt{s_{NN} = 200 GeV)
have gathered ample evidences for the formation of this state of matter. ALICE, therefore, thanks to the energies available now and in the next future, will open a door in a whole and completely unexplored new regime for the physics of the strong interactions. The first chapter of this thesis describes at a general level the cornerstones of the QCD and of the Quark-Gluon Plasma physics. Then it concentrates on the description of the main quantities related to the topics under analysis and on the so-called probes
of the creation of the QGP in heavy-ion collisions. Particular attention will be put on the strangeness production related probes. Moreover some of the most important results obtained by the experiments at SPS and RHIC will be presented together with the very first measurements performed by ALICE.
A very short description of the LHC machine and its features opens the second chapter followed by a wide overview of the ALICE detector and of its performances, in
addiction with a description of the computing framework built for the collection and the analysis of the huge amount of data provided by the experiment. The third chapter will describe in more details one of the most relevant aspects of the physics studied by ALICE, i.e. the physics of the strange resonances as fundamental tool for the QGP dynamic evolution analysis, in particular during the freeze-out phase.
Among them, some theoretical models consider much relevant the Sigma(1385). It will be
described in detail, with particular attention to the studies performed on it by the STAR experiment at RHIC.
The forth chapter is dedicated to this specific topic, i.e. the Sigma(1385) study at ALICE in proton-proton collisions, in the strong decay channel Lambda-pi. First of all the studies performed on simulated data at
sqrt{s} = 10 TeV will be described. They were realized in order to built a dedicated analysis procedure. The implemented method for the signal extraction, background evaluation and the data fit will be described together with the optimized cuts introduced in order to find an optimal set able to maximize the signal over background ratio. Then the systematic uncertainties evaluation is presented. The application of the described procedure to the data collected in proton-proton collisions at
sqrt{s} = 900 GeV and 7 TeV, is then presented in the fifth and last chapter.
This analysis is crucial for the tuning of the existing models and is an important benchmark for the next lead-lead collisions analysis. A new cut optimization will be performed in order to check the consistence of the procedure built using the simulated data. The systematic uncertainties will be evaluated at both energies. The results obtained (both integral and di erential in the transverse momentum) will be shown and discussed together with a comparison with some dedicated simulations provided at the same energy with different models and with a very preliminary comparison with the STAR results at sqrt{s} = 200 GeV.XXIII Ciclo198
- …
