10 research outputs found
FORECASTING THE RUNOFF ON RIVERS OF THE DNISTER RIVER BASIN ACCORDING TO THE REMO NUMERIC CLIMATIC MODEL
No full textThis article presents the results of forecasting of future changes in water runoff in the basin of the Dnister River. The forecast is made until the year 2100 in 30-year periods. For forecasting, the data from the network of hydrological stations at Dnister and its affluents. After conducting the verification (testing) of the selected REMO climatic model, an adjustment coefficient was developed and its use was proposed when forecasting the runoff. The results of the forecast have shown the decrease in the value of the runoff modulus for each of the forecasted periods. The deviation of forecasted runoff rates from the control period (1970-2000) with the use of the coefficient for the period 2011-2040 was (in average for the basin) 0.81 l/s*km2 (9%); for the period 2041-2070 it was 0.96 l/s*km2 (11%); for the period 2071-2100 it was 0.88 l/s*km2 (10%).This article presents the results of forecasting of future changes in water runoff in the basin of the Dnister River. The forecast is made until the year 2100 in 30-year periods. For forecasting, the data from the network of hydrological stations at Dnister and its affluents. After conducting the verification (testing) of the selected REMO climatic model, an adjustment coefficient was developed and its use was proposed when forecasting the runoff. The results of the forecast have shown the decrease in the value of the runoff modulus for each of the forecasted periods. The deviation of forecasted runoff rates from the control period (1970-2000) with the use of the coefficient for the period 2011-2040 was (in average for the basin) 0.81 l/s*km2 (9%); for the period 2041-2070 it was 0.96 l/s*km2 (11%); for the period 2071-2100 it was 0.88 l/s*km2 (10%)
Abiotic Typology of the Rivers and Lakes of the Ukrainian Section of the Western Bug River Basin and its Comparison with Results of Polish Investigations
No full textThe completed investigation, which are based on the requirements of the EU WFD and rivers typology systems adapted in Ukraine and Poland, allowed us to identify: for the Western Bug river basin within Ukraine 9 abiotic river types, within Poland – 7. In the Western Bug basin is dominated by small and medium rivers of lowlands and uplands of the Eastern Plains on silicate rocks. The Western Bug belongs to very large rivers, the Poltva, the Rata and the Luga belong to large rivers. Within the Ukrainian part of the Western Bug river basin, there are only 2044 rivers, of which 2010 (98.35%) are small rivers. The length of the majority of them (1966 rivers are small) doesn’t exceed 10 km. Middle rivers are 1.45%. Large and very large rivers are 0.15% and 0.05% of their total, respectively.Generally, in the Ukrainian part of the Western Bug basin 8 abiotic types of lakes were identified
Abiotic Typology of the Rivers and Lakes of the Ukrainian Section of the Vistula River Basin and its Comparison with Results of Polish Investigations
No full textThe typology of rivers and lakes of the West Bug and San transboundary river subbasins (the Vistula River basin) was carried out. The researches were based on provisions of the EU Water Framework Directive for the surface waters typology according to the system A, implemented in Ukraine and Poland
Large and small reservoirs of Ukraine
No full textThis article is a continuation of the topic of artificial water bodies in Ukraine, which was started in our previous publication in 2020. It was devoted to accounting and monitoring of ponds at the local and national levels. Reservoirs play important role in water supply for various sectors of the economy. For this reason, much more attention is paid to reservoirs by the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine (Ukr. Derzhavne ahentstvo vodnykh resursiv Ukrainy), the Ministry of Ecology and Natural Resources of Ukraine (Ukr. Ministerstvo ekolohii ta pryrodnykh resursiv Ukrainy), scientists and specialists. The main tasks of the article are: to establish patterns of territorial distribution of reservoirs in administrative regions and river basins districts; to identify the role of large and small reservoirs in the balance of river runoff regulation. There are 1054 reservoirs in Ukraine, so it can be considered a country rich in reservoirs. The volume of the cascade of six reservoirs on the Dnieper River and the Dniester Reservoir is 85%, other reservoirs – 15% of the total number. At the same time, there are 1047 other reservoirs (middle, small and very small), which provide for regional needs and which have their own patterns of distribution throughout the country. The main trend in their creation was water supply of industrial regions, in particular Kharkiv, Donetsk, Dnipropetrovsk and others. About 28% of reservoirs are leased. These reservoirs also require clear accounting and monitoring at the national level, attention from water management and environmental organizations
Abiotic Typology of the Rivers and Lakes of the Ukrainian Section of the Western Bug River Basin and its Comparison with Results of Polish Investigations
No full textThe completed investigation, which are based on the requirements of the EU WFD and rivers typology systems adapted in Ukraine and Poland, allowed us to identify: for the Western Bug river basin within Ukraine 9 abiotic river types, within Poland – 7. In the Western Bug basin is dominated by small and medium rivers of lowlands and uplands of the Eastern Plains on silicate rocks. The Western Bug belongs to very large rivers, the Poltva, the Rata and the Luga belong to large rivers. Within the Ukrainian part of the Western Bug river basin, there are only 2044 rivers, of which 2010 (98.35%) are small rivers. The length of the majority of them (1966 rivers are small) doesn’t exceed 10 km. Middle rivers are 1.45%. Large and very large rivers are 0.15% and 0.05% of their total, respectively.Generally, in the Ukrainian part of the Western Bug basin 8 abiotic types of lakes were identified
Typology of Rivers and Lakes of Ukrainian Part of the Western Bug Basin According to the Requirements of the EU Water Framework Directive and its Coordination with the Researches in Poland
No full textДосліджено особливості проведення типології річок та озер на прикладі української частини басейну
Західного Бугу згідно з вимогами Водної рамкової директиви ЄС і проведено її узгодження з науковими
дослідженнями в Польщі. Розглянуто головні методологічні підходи та класифікаційні особливості типологічної системи водних об’єктів, які застосовуються в Республіці Польща. Вивчено й проаналізовано
головні особливості типології річок та озер української частини басейну Західного Бугу. Установлено основні
закономірності в подібності й відмінності типологічних систем України та Польщі, які застосовуються для
вивчення водних об’єктів згідно з вимогами Водної рамкової директиви ЄС. Виокремлено головні проблеми в
типології водних об’єктів на рівні різних наукових підходів і вказано на необхідність переходу України на
європейські стандарти та нормативи у сфері використання й охорони вод.Исследованы особенности проведения
типологии рек и озер на примере украинской части бассейна Западного Буга согласно требований Водной
рамочной директивы ЕС и проведено его согласование с научными исследованиями в Польше. Рассмотрены
основные методологические подходы и классификационные особенности типологической системы водных
объектов, которые используются в Республике Польша. Изучены и проанализированы главные особенности
типологии рек и озер украинской части бассейна Западного Буга. Установлены основные закономерности в
сходстве и различиях типологических систем Украины и Польши, которые применяются для изучения водных
объектов в соответствии с требованиями Водной рамочной директивы ЕС. Выделены основные проблемы в
типологии водных объектов на уровне различных научных подходов и указано на необходимость перехода
Украины на европейские стандарты и нормативы в сфере использования и охраны вод. . The features of rivers and lakes typology on the
example of Ukrainian part of the Western Bug basin according to the requirement of the EU Water Framework
Directive and in coordination with the researches in Poland are studied. The main methodological approaches of
typological features of water objects used in Poland are considered. The main features of rivers and lakes typology in
Ukrainian part of the basin of the Western Bug are analyzed. The basic patterns of similarities and differences in the
typology system of Ukraine and Poland, used to study water objects in compliance with the EU Water Framework
Directive, are determined. The main problems in the typology of water objects according to various scientific
approaches are highlighted and the need for Ukraine's transition to European standards and norms in the use and
protection of water is indicated
Typology of rivers and lakes within the Ukrainian part of the Vistula basin (Bug and San) and its compatibility with investigations in Poland
No full textThis article describes an investigation of the hydrographical network in the Ukrainian part of the transboundary basins of the Bug and San rivers entering the Vistula basin, carried out by the authors using the typology of rivers and lakes in line with the European Union Water Framework Directive (WFD) 2000/60/EC requirements. The typology of the rivers is based on the typology system adopted in Poland. There are 5 abiotic types in the Bug river basin specified within the Ukraine. The small and medium upland rivers on carbonate or loess rocks dominate. Among the large rivers are the Poltva, Rata, Luga and Ryta. Four abiotic types of rivers are distinguished in the Ukrainian part of the San basin. The most numerous group consists of the small upland rivers on flysch rocks of the Carpathians. The analysis of the structure of the river basin networks showed that the small rivers form 98.5% of the total number (3115 rivers) in the Vistula basin within the Ukraine. Only 1.25% of the basin’s rivers form medium rivers. The percentages of large and very large rivers in the total basin streams are, respectively, 0.2 and 0.05%. There are 68 lakes within the Ukrainian part of the Bug basin, the majority of them (48 lakes, or nearly 71%) are in the category of very small lakes. As for the categories of medium and small lakes, each of them has 9 lakes (13%). There are only two large lakes, the Switiaz and Pulemetske (3%)
Cyclicities in the Regime of Groundwater and of Meteorological Factors in the Basin of the Southern Bug River
No full textThe data of observations since 1951 in the upper part of the Southern Bug River basin in the west of Ukraine are analyzed. The results indicate that the climate change occurring on Earth disrupts the regular cyclicity of groundwater flow indicators. The identified 7–8-year groundwater level and flow to the river cyclicity correlates well with the air temperature, precipitation and river runoff cyclicity. The noted groundwater cyclicity appears with some delay after the establishment of the 8-year air temperature cyclicity observed since 1969. The manifestation of a 7–8-year cycle depends on the groundwater table (GWT) depth. For shallow groundwater (1.0–2.5 m), such rhythms have been observed since 1975, and for deeper levels, since 1989, which is recognized as the year of the beginning of the climate changes. Moreover, 7–8-year rhythms in the fluctuation of groundwater parameters are characteristic of mainly high-water periods of their multiyear regime, and during the low-flow phase is significantly weakened. During 2011–2014, the groundwater levels abnormally decreased and the 8-year cycles were replaced with 5-year ones. The influence of air temperature on the groundwater regime exceeds the role of other factors. Wavelet analysis was used as the main method of periodicity observation. Gaussian and Morlet wavelets provide the visualization of pronounced periodicities of data. Using multiple correlation analysis, it was confirmed that temperature has become the dominant impact factor on the groundwater (GWT 1.5–4.0 m) regime in recent decades
Peculiarities of using the water resources of the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro for hydropower and melioration
No full textРедакція: https://journals.kmf.uzhgorod.ua/index.php/geograph/editorial
Зміст: https://journals.kmf.uzhgorod.ua/index.php/geograph/issue/view/3Резюме. Актуальність дослідження:ліві притоки Середнього Дніпра: Псел, Ворскла, Сула, Трубіж, Супій, Золо-тоношка, Крива Руда, Кобелячок, Кагамлик, Ірклій, Коврай і Ковалівка належать до категорії середніх і малих річок. Загальний об’єм стоку річок лівобережжя суббасейну Середнього Дніпра подібний до об’єму стоку Південного Бугу, а площа водозбору ще більша. Ці річки мають велике значення для лівобережно-го Лісостепу України, де вони протікають. Вони використовуються для зрошення сільськогосподарських угідь і для гідроенергетики. Ці два види використання сьогодні є дуже важливими у зв’язку із загострен-ням регіональних наслідків глобальної зміни клімату та запровадження зеленої електроенергії в Україні. Предметом дослідження є використання водних ресурсів лівих приток Середнього Дніпра в гідроенерге-тиці та меліорації.Мета дослідження: охарактеризувати сучасний стан використання річок регіону для потреб гідроенергетики та залучення річкових басейнів лівих приток Середнього Дніпра до процесів зро-шення та осушення у сільському господарстві. Методи дослідження: методи аналізу та синтезу, геогра-фічного та просторового аналізу, наукового узагальнення. Результати дослідження: у дослідженні показа-но особливості сучасного господарського використання річок Псла, Ворскли, Сули та ін., які мають велике значення для лівобережного Лісостепу України. Результати показують, що ці річки активно використо-вуються для зрошення сільськогосподарських угідь та виробництва гідроелектроенергії. У басейнах річок Псел і Ворскла функціонують 15 малих ГЕС загальною потужністю 6,5 МВт. Глобальні зміни клімату, які характеризуються підвищенням середньорічної температури повітря, суттєво вплинули на гідрологічний режим регіону, що зумовлює необхідність розширення зрошувальних систем. Практичне значення дослі-дження полягає у підтвердженні перспективності використання малих гідроелектростанцій у басейнах річок Псел і Ворскла для підвищення частки зеленої енергетики в регіоні. Дослідження також підкреслює важливість підтримки та розвитку зрошувальних систем для забезпечення стабільного сільськогосподар-ського виробництва в умовах кліматичних змін. Висновки: ліві притоки Середнього Дніпра є важливими водними ресурсами для лівобережного Лісостепу України; малі гідроелектростанції на річках Псел і Вор-скла є перспективними для розвитку зеленої енергетики в Полтавській та Сумській областях; глобальні зміни клімату вплинули на гідрологічний режим регіону, що вимагає розширення зрошувальних систем для підтримки сільського господарства; розвиток гідроенергетики та зрошувальних систем на лівобережжі Середнього Дніпра сприятиме підвищенню якості води та енергетичної незалежності регіону. Перспекти-ва подальших досліджень пов’язана з інвентаризацією гідроенергетичного потенціалу малих річок у межах суббасейну Середнього Дніпра. Також необхідно дослідити можливості розширення зрошувальних систем в умовах змін клімату для забезпечення стабільного водопостачання сільськогосподарських угідь. Іншими перспективними напрямами є вивчення впливу кліматичних змін на водні ресурси регіону та розроблення адаптивних стратегій для збереження екосистеми річкових басейнів.Abstract. Relevance of the study: the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro Psel, Vorskla, Sula, Trubyzh, Supiy, Zolotonoshka, Kryva Ruda, Kobelyachok, Kagamlyk, Irkliy, Kovray and Kovalivka belong to the category of medium and small rivers. The total volume of runoff of the rivers on the left bank of the Middle Dnieper sub-basin is similar to the volume of runoff of the Southern Bug, and the catchment area is even larger. These rivers are of significant importance for the left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine, where they flow. They are used for the irrigation of agricultural lands and for hydropower. These two types of use are very important today due to the intensification of regional consequences of global climate change and the introduction of green electricity in Ukraine. The subject of the study is the use of water resources of the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro in hydropower and land reclamation. The aim of the study is to characterize the current state of the use of the region's rivers for hydropower needs and the involvement of river basins of the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro in irrigation and drainage processes in agriculture. The purpose of the study: to determine the current state of the hydropower potential of the rivers of the study region and the involvement of the river basins of the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro in the processes of irrigation and drainage in agriculture. Research methodology: methods of analysis and synthesis, geographical and spatial analysis, scientific generalization. Research results: the study shows the features of the current economic use of the rivers Psel, Vorskla, Sula, and others, which are of significant importance for the left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine. The results show that these rivers are actively used for the irrigation of agricultural lands and hydropower production. In the basins of the Psel and Vorskla rivers, 15 small hydroelectric power plants are functioning, with a total capacity of 6.5 MW. Global climate changes, characterized by an increase in the average annual air temperature, have significantly affected the hydrological regime of the region, necessitating the expansion of irrigation systems. Practical significance: the research consists in confirming the prospects of using small hydroelectric power plants in the basins of the Psel and Vorskla rivers to increase the share of green energy in the region.The study also highlights the importance of maintaining and developing irrigation systems to ensure sustainable agricultural production in the face of climate change. Conclusions: the left tributaries of the Middle Dnipro are important water resources for the left-bank forest-steppe of Ukraine; small hydropower plants on the Psel and Vorskla rivers are promising for the development of green energy in the Poltava and Sumy regions; global climate change has affected the hydrological regime of the region, which requires the expansion of irrigation systems to support agriculture; the development of hydropower and irrigation systems on the left bank of the Middle Dnieper will contribute to the improvement of water quality and energy independence of the region. Prospects for further research: further research can focus on optimizing the operation of small hydropower plants to increase their efficiency and environmental safety. It is also necessary to investigate the possibilities of expanding irrigation systems in the face of climate change to ensure a stable water supply to agricultural lands. Another promising direction is the study of the impact of climate change on the water resources of the region and the development of adaptive strategies for the preservation of the ecosystem of river basins
Hydrographic characteristic of ponds distribution in Ukraine – Basin and regional features
No full textThe purpose of the research is to establish the total number of ponds in Ukraine and to analyse the territorial distribution in the administrative areas, as well as in the river basin districts, as the main hydrographic units of water management. Cadastral data of the State Agency of Water Resources of Ukraine regional offices as of 2019 was used in the research (as to Crimea, Donetsk and Luhansk regions we applied the data as of 2014). According the researches there are 50,793 ponds in Ukraine with a total water table area of 2,92899 ha and the volume of 3,969.4 mln m3 of water in 2019. The quantitative distribution of ponds across Ukraine is unequal. Most of them are concentrated in the central part of the country (10.5% of the total number of ponds in the country are in Vinnytsia region). Least of them are in Luhansk region (0.7%). Almost half of the ponds are located in the Dnieper River Basin (48.5%). The lowest quantity of ponds is in the Black Sea Basin (1.2%). The regulation of river basins districts (the rivers of the Sea of Azov, Crimea and Black Sea Basins) reaches 0.71–0.77. As of 2019, 28% of the ponds are rented out. In order to identify the real status of the ponds (both quantitative and qualitative), their recreational role, the environmental impact and the regulation of the hydrographic network in Ukraine, it is necessary to increase the attention to ponds monitoring
