1,720,991 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
L'Electra tràgica: els diferents tractaments del mite d'Electra en Èsquil, Sòfocles i Eurípides
Get PDFAquest treball analitza les diferències entre Electra de Sòfocles, Electra d'Eurípides i Les Coèfores d'Èsquil. Sobretot es tracta la visió que els tres autors tràgics grecs tenen sobre Electra i Orestes, així com la justificació del matricidi en cada obra. La caracterització d'Electra com a dona i en relació a altres personatges femenins, així com la justificació del matricidi i la importància que té Electra dins d'aquest, són els temes analitzats principalment en el treball.The present study analyses the differences between Sophocles' and Euripides' Electra and Aeschylus' Choefori, essentially their view of Electra and Orestes as well as the reasoning behind matricide in each one of the plays. How they characterise Electra as a whole and in correspondence with other women, how they justify the matricide and how much of a role Electra plays in it are the main topics of this paper
Studio del lessico miceneo riferito ai cereali
Get PDFNel primo capitolo, intitolato "Analisi dei termini micenei relativi ai cereali e dei loro derivati", si analizzano le tavolette contenenti i tre termini che sono stati individuati nel lessico miceneo relativi ai cereali: si-to, ki-ri-ta e me-re-u-ro e i relativi termini composti: per si-to i termini si-to-po-ti-ni-ja, si-to-ko-wo, si-to-po-ko e a-si-to-po-ko, o-si-to; per ki-ri-ta i composti ki-ri-te-wi-ja e ki-ri-ti-jo-jo; per me-re-u-ro il termine me-re-ti-ri-ja. Attraverso questa analisi, si è proposto, per le dette forme lessicali, una interpretazione quanto più possibilmente realistica nell'ambito della società micenea, per quel che riguarda sia le attività lavorative, legate all'agricoltura o all'industria, sia la sfera religiosa. Nel secondo capitolo, intitolato "Analisi dei logogrammi che designano cereali", sono state analizzate alcune tavolette esemplificative, fra quelle contenenti i logogrammi dei cereali *120,*121,*129*, trascritti tradizionalmente GRA, HORD, FAR. I testi sono stati suddivisi e analizzati in base ai due principi seguenti: la località di ritrovamento e lo scopo della registrazione. Pertanto si è potuto constatare che la maggior parte dei testi analizzati o registrano razioni alimentarie date in cambio di prestazioni lavorative o registrano quantità di cereali che vengono utilizzate per scopi religiosi, sia come offerte, sia come distribuzioni durante feste religiose, sia come parte degli alimenti destinati ai banchetti pubblici organizzati dallo Stato. Al termine del capitolo, un paragrafo a parte analizza lo stato della questione relativa al significato dei logogrammi *120 e *121. Nel terzo capitolo, intitolato "Sintesi dei termini micenei contestuali ai cereali", si elencano e analizzano brevemente i termini presenti su tutte le tavolette in cui appaiono parole o logogrammi relativi ai cereali. I destinatari dei cereali sono stati suddivisi in diverse categorie: antroponimi, toponimi, teonimi, nomi comuni riferiti a persone, nomi comuni non riferiti a persone e aggettivi etnici, con lo scopo di ordinare il materiale esistente e constatare l'eventuale esistenza di variabili comuni in certi gruppi, relativamente all'uso e alle quantità dei prodotti oggetto di interesse del presente lavoro. Per ultimo si sono tratte delle conclusioni statistiche su quali tipi di cereali erano attribuiti a determinate categorie di destinatari e in quali quantità, per poter realizzare, attraverso lo studio del lessico, delle ipotesi realistiche relative alla produzione e all'amministazione di questi prodotti nella civiltà micenea, mantenendo sempre vigile l'attenzione sull'evoluzione che tale lessico ebbe nel millennio successivo.This thesis is divided into three sections: 1) Analysis of Mycenaean terms for cereals and their derivatives. In this chapter I analyze the tablets containing the three words that have been identified in the Mycenaean lexicon for cereals: si-to, ki-ri-ta e me-re-u-ro and the related compound word: for si-to the words si-to-po-ti-ni-ja, si-to-ko-wo, si-to-po-ko and a-si-to-po-ko, o-si-to; for ki-ri-ta the compound word ki-ri-te-wi-ja and ki-ri-ti-jo-jo; for me-re-u-ro the word me-re-ti-ri-ja. A realistic interpretation has been proposed for those lexical forms, both with regard to work activities related to agriculture or to industry and regard to the religious sphere in the Mycenaean society. 2) Analysis of logograms that designate cereals. In this chapter I have analyzed some illustrative tablets, containing the logograms of cereals * 120, * 121, * 129 *, traditionally transcribed GRA, HORD, FAR. The texts were divided and analyzed according to the following two principles: the location of the discovery and the purpose of registration. Therefore, it has been shown that most of the analyzed texts recorded rations given in exchange for job benefits or quantities of grain used for purely religious reasons, either as offerings, or as distribution during various religious festivals or simply as part of public banquets organized by the State. At the end of the chapter, a separate section analyzes the state of the question of the meaning of the logograms *120 and *121. 3) Summary of Mycenaean words contextual to grain. This chapter lists and analyzes briefly the terms on all the tablets where words or logograms for cereals appear. The recipients of cereals have been divided into several categories: anthroponyms, place names, theonyms, common nouns referring to people, common nouns not referring to people and ethnic adjectives, in order to sort the existing material and to see whether there are common variables in certain groups, regarding the use and the quantities of products mentioned in this investigation. Finally, I have elaborated conclusions statistics on what types of cereals were attributed to such categories of recipients and in what quantities, in order to achieve, through the study of vocabulary, some realistic assumptions related to the production and administration of these products in the Mycenaean civilization, always keeping vigilant attention on the development of this lexicon in the I millennium
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Personal femenino dependiente en la Grecia antigua Un estudio comparado de los textos micénicos y los poemas homéricos
Get PDFAquesta tesi presenta un estudi comparatiu de les dones treballadores a partir de l’anàlisi dels primers testimonis escrits en llengua grega: les inscripcions micèniques i les fonts literàries de la Ilíada i l’Odissea.
Des d’un inici, les tauletes en Lineal B han revelat la presència de nombrosos grups de treball formats per dones que depenen del palau i que es distingeixen d’altres dones que semblen ocupar un lloc privilegiat. Els poemes homèrics sovint distingeixen, en general, dues categories de dones: dones aristocràtiques, `senyores’ o reines, i el col·lectiu de serventes o esclaves que apareixent generalment en grup realitzant les tasques que els són assignades. Aquesta recerca se centra en l’anàlisi de les dones treballadores sense tenir en consideració el personal de culte ni altres categories de dones que podrien formar part de l’elit política i religiosa, com les sacerdotesses i reines.
L’objectiu principal d’aquest estudi és fer una anàlisi comparativa de les característiques d’aquestes dones treballadores deduïbles dels textos micènics i els poemes homèrics. Aquesta recerca busca respondre si hi ha continuïtat o ruptura en el paper que aquestes dones tenien en el món del treball, en l’economia i, en definitiva, en la societat de l’antiga Grècia del segon i primer mil·lenni a.C. Amb aquesta finalitat, s’examina per separat el lèxic i el context que pot aportar informació sobre els sectors econòmics en què estan presents les dones treballadores, els seus oficis, el grau d’especialització, els ètnics que poden ser indicatius dels seus possibles orígens geogràfics i socials, i alguns aspectes importants de l’organització del treball, com el nombre de dones, la jerarquia del treball i la composició dels grups per raó d’edat i de gènere. Només després, s’intenta comparar les dades obtingudes per identificar, si escau, característiques afins o divergents en ambdues fonts. El segon objectiu aborda el grau de dependència d’aquestes dones. Aspectes com el nivell de control del seu treball, l’assignació de racions, productes o béns, o el temps de la prestació de serveis, durant tot o part de l’any, podrien indicar diferents nivells de dependència laboral i econòmica i que algunes dones treballadores poguessin tenir mitjans alternatius o complementaris de subsistència. El tercer objectiu es proposa observar l’estatus i la condició d’aquestes dones en el teixit social del segon i primer mil·lenni a.C.
Una anàlisi comparativa d’aquest tipus implica afrontar problemes de diferents magnituds, alguns de caràcter interpretatiu o lèxic, altres relacionats amb el diferent àmbit palatial i la diversitat de contextos polítics i econòmics dels regnes micènics i homèrics, o la diferent naturalesa de les fonts escrites i la informació limitada que proporcionen. No obstant això, aquests són els primers documents que tenim. Amb aquestes limitacions, l’anàlisi comparativa mostra notables coincidències en ambdues fonts, destacant la importància que tenen com a agents econòmics en alguns sectors productius, l’organització de grups de treball ben estructurats i la continuïtat d’un estatus social que no és tan uniforme com podria semblar inicialment. Dins d’aquesta continuïtat, també es poden observar certes diferències que revelen en el primer mil·lenni una major divisió sexual del treball, una reducció de la seva presència en determinats oficis i sectors econòmics, i una tendència a situar la seva activitat laboral permanentment dins de l’οἶκος, fet que, en la nostra opinió, fa probable un major control laboral i social d’aquestes dones i anuncia un canvi en el paper que jugaran en l’economia i la societat del primer mil·lenni.Esta tesis presenta un estudio comparado de las mujeres trabajadoras a partir del análisis de los primeros testimonios escritos en lengua griega: las inscripciones micénicas y las fuentes literarias de la Ilíada y la Odisea.
Desde un inicio, las tablillas en Lineal B han revelado la presencia de numerosos grupos de trabajo formados por mujeres que dependen de la administración palaciega y que se distinguen de otras mujeres que parecen ocupar un lugar privilegiado. Los poemas homéricos suelen distinguir, a grandes rasgos, dos categorías de mujeres: las mujeres aristocráticas, `señoras’ o reinas, y el colectivo de sirvientas o esclavas que aparecen generalmente en grupo realizando las tareas que les son asignadas. Esta investigación se centra en el análisis de las mujeres trabajadoras sin considerar el personal de culto ni otras categorías de mujeres que podrían formar parte de la élite política y religiosa, como las sacerdotisas y las reinas.
El objetivo principal de este estudio es hacer un análisis comparativo de las características de esas mujeres trabajadoras deducibles de los textos micénicos y de los poemas homéricos. Esta investigación trata de responder si hay continuidad o ruptura en el rol que estas mujeres tenían en el mundo laboral, en la economía y, en definitiva, en la sociedad de la Grecia antigua del segundo y del primer milenio a.C. Para ello, se examina, de forma separada en cada fuente, el léxico y el contexto que puede aportar información sobre los sectores económicos en los que están presentes, sus oficios, el grado de especialización, los étnicos que pueden ser indicativos de sus posibles orígenes geográficos y sociales, y algunos aspectos importantes de la organización del trabajo, como el número de mujeres, la jerarquía laboral y la composición de los grupos de trabajo por razón de edad y sexo. Sólo después, se intenta comparar los datos obtenidos para identificar, en su caso, características afines o divergentes en ambas fuentes. El segundo objetivo aborda el grado de dependencia de estas mujeres. El nivel de control de su trabajo, la asignación de raciones, productos o bienes, o la duración de la prestación de servicios, durante todo o parte del año, pueden ser indicativos de que entre estos equipos de trabajadoras podría haber distintos niveles de dependencia laboral y económica, y que algunas mujeres podrían tener medios alternativos o complementarios de subsistencia. El tercer objetivo se propone observar el estatus y la condición de estas mujeres en el entramado social del segundo y el primer milenio a.C.
Un análisis comparativo de esta clase supone afrontar problemas de distintas magnitudes, algunos de naturaleza interpretativa o léxica, otros relacionados con el distinto ámbito palacial y los diferentes contextos políticos y económicos de los reinos micénicos y homéricos, o la diferente naturaleza de ambas fuentes escritas y la información limitada que proporcionan. Sin embargo, éstos son los primeros testimonios que tenemos. Con estas limitaciones, el análisis comparativo muestra notables coincidencias en ambas fuentes, destacando la importancia que tienen como agentes económicos en algunos sectores productivos, la organización de grupos de trabajo estructurados, y la continuidad de un estatus social que no es tan uniforme como podría inicialmente parecer. Dentro de esta continuidad, se pueden observar también ciertas diferencias que revelan en el primer milenio una mayor división sexual del trabajo, una reducción de su presencia en determinados oficios y sectores económicos, y una tendencia a localizar su actividad laboral permanentemente en el οἶκος lo que, en nuestra opinión, hace probable un mayor control laboral y social de estas mujeres y anuncia un cambio en el papel que tendrán en la economía y la sociedad del primer milenio.This dissertation presents a comparative study of working women based on the analysis of the first documents written in Greek: Mycenaean inscriptions and literary sources of the Iliad and the Odyssey.
From the outset, Mycenaean tablets revealed the presence of numerous working groups formed by women who depend on the palatial administration, and who differ from other women who seem to occupy a privileged place. Homeric poems often distinguish, in general, two categories of women: aristocratic women, `ladies’ or queens, and the collective of maids or slaves who usually appear in group performing the tasks assigned to them. This research focuses on the analysis of working women without considering cult personnel or other categories of women who form part of the political and religious elite, such as priestesses and queens.
The main aim of this study is to make a comparative analysis of the characteristics of these women, which could be deduced from Mycenaean texts and Homeric poems. This research intends to answer whether there is continuity or rupture in the role that these women played in the working world, in the economy and, ultimately, in the society of Ancient Greece of the second and first millennium B.C. To this end, it has been separately examined the terms and the context documented in each source that provides information on the economic sectors in which they are present, their occupations, the degree of specialization, some ethnics that may be indicative of their possible geographical and social origins, and some important aspects of work organization, such as the number of women, hierarchy relationship, and the composition of working groups by age and gender. Only then, we attempt to compare the data obtained to identify, if possible, the related or divergent characteristics in both sources. The second objective is to examine the degree of dependence of these women. The level of control over their work, the allocation of rations, products or goods, or the extent to which services are provided during all or part of the year, may indicate that there could be different levels of labour and economic dependence, and that some women might have complementary or alternative livelihoods. The third objective is to observe the status and condition of these women in the social fabric of the second and first millennium B.C.
A comparative analysis of the first documents involves facing problems of different magnitudes, some of an interpretative or lexical nature, others related to the different palatial scope and the diverse political and economic contexts of the Mycenaean and Homeric realms, or the different nature of both written sources and the limited information they provide. Nevertheless, these are the first written sources we have. With these limitations, the comparative analysis uncovers remarkable coincidences, highlighting the importance that they have as economic agents in some productive sectors, the organization of structured working groups, and the continuity of a social status that is not as uniform as it might initially appear. Within this continuity, certain differences can also be observed that reveal on the first millennium a greater sexual division of labour, a reduction in their presence in certain trades and economic sectors, and a tendency to locate their work permanently in the οἶκος, what, in our opinion, makes probable a greater labour and social control of these women and heralds a change in the role they will play in the economy and the society of the first millennium.Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona. Programa de Doctorat en Cultures en Contacte a la Mediterràni
Los oráculos en la obra de Jenofonte : estudio preliminar
Get PDFEl presente trabajo tiene por objetivo analizar el uso de los oráculos en la obra de Jenofonte, mostrando la importancia que tienen dentro de la obra del historiador. Tomando como método de trabajo el reciente estudio de Carmen Sánchez sobre los oráculos en las Historias de Heródoto, se recopilan todos los pasajes oraculares que aparecen en la obra de Jenofonte. Posteriormente, se presenta una categorización tipológica y un comentario filológico de cada uno de los pasajes oraculares.El present treball té com a objectiu analitzar l'ús dels oracles a l'obra de Xenofont, mostrant la importància que tenen dins de l'obra de l'historiador. Prenent com a mètode de treball el recent estudi de Carmen Sánchez sobre els oracles en les Històries d'Heròdot, es recopilen tots el passatges oraculars que apareixen a l'obra de Xenofont. Posteriorment, es presenta una categorització tipològica i un comentari filològic de cadascun dels passatges oraculars
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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