1,720,955 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Caracterização estrutural e conformacional de toxinas da família das actionoporinas
Get PDFProteínas citolíticas são produzidas por uma grande diversidade de organismos, dentre os quais destacam-se os cnidários. Estes organismos podem produzir uma série de toxinas que auxiliam na sua sobrevivência, liberadas por nematocistos. A maioria dos cnidários são considerados tóxicos, e mais de 32 espécies de anêmonas já foram relatadas como fonte de proteínas e peptídeos citolíticos letais. Dentre essas proteínas, o grupo mais amplo é formado pelas citolisinas conhecidas como actinoporinas, proteínas formadoras de poro em membranas que possuem potente atividade hemolítica. As bases estruturais para essa atividade mostram-se dependentes do correto enovelamento protéico, principalmente em regiões específicas que, portanto, apresentam importância funcional: o segmento N-terminal, a região rica em resíduos de triptofano e o sítio de ligação à fosfocolina. Diferentes condições em solução são capazes de influenciar a capacidade das actinoporinas de formar poro em modelos de membrana e na superficie de hemácias. Contudo, embora dados de ressonância magnética nuclear (RMN) e cristalografia tenham sido relatados para esta família de proteínas, dados estruturais e conformacionais adicionais se fazem necessários para a compreenção das razões moleculares desta atividade e, por conseguinte, para sua posterior exploração biotecnológica e terapêutica. Neste contexto, o presente trabalho tem por objetivo caracterizar a influência de diferentes fatores físico-químicos sobre o enovelamento das duas actinoporinas mais estudadas, esticolisina II (StnII) e equinatoxina II (EqtxII), empregando para tal simulações de dinâmica molecular (DM). Os resultados obtidos oferecem um melhor entendimento do efeito de altas concentrações de ureia sobre a perda de atividade hemolítica da StnII, assim como fornecem possíveis evidências para a influência de soluções ácidas sobre o enovelamento da hélice C-terminal (parte do sítio de ligação à fosfocolina). Considerando o papel dessa região no reconhecimento de fosfolipídeos de membrana, as transições conformacionais observadas podem estar relacionadas às ações biológicas desta classe de toxinas.Cytolytic toxins are produced by many organisms, mainly including the cnidarians. These organisms are able to produce a variety of toxins that are important for their survival, delivered by nematocysts. The majority of cnidarians are considered toxic organisms and more than 32 species of sea anemones have been already reported to produce lethal cytolytic peptides and proteins. Among these toxic polypeptides, the most numerous are the cytolysins, collectively called actinoporins, potent pore-forming proteins that present hemolytic activity. The structural basis for such activity was related to their correct folding, mainly around specific regions that, however, present functional importance: the proteins N-terminal segment, a region rich in tryptophan residues and the phosphocholine-binding-site. Different solution conditions influence the pore formation capacity of the actinoporins in model lipid membranes and on the surface of red blood cells. In this way, althought nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy and X-ray crystallography data had been reported to this protein family, additional structural and conformational information might be necessary to understand the molecular reasons for such activity and also to improve their biotecnological and terapeutical exploration. In this context, the current work intends to characterize the influence of different physical-chemical factors in the folding of the two most studied actinoporins, Sticholysin II (StnII) and Equinatoxin II (EqtxII), applying to this molecular dynamics (MD). The obtained results provide a better understanding for the lack of StnII hemolytic activity when it is submitted to a high urea concentration, as well as possible evidences of the influence of acid solutions in the folding of the C-terminal helix (present at the phosphocholine-binding-site). Considering the role of this region in the recognition of membrane phospholipids, the observed conformational transitions may be related with the biological action of this class of toxins
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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