1,721,080 research outputs found
Julie MacArthur, Cartography and the Political Imagination. Mapping Community in Colonial Kenya, Athens, Ohio Un. Press, 2016, pp. 340
No full textInfrared thermography in the study of animals’ emotional responses: A critical review
Full text linkWhether animals have emotions was historically a long-lasting question but, today, nobody disputes that they do. However, how to assess them and how to guarantee animals their welfare have become important research topics in the last 20 years. Infrared thermography (IRT) is a method to record the electromagnetic radiation emitted by bodies. It can indirectly assess sympathetic and parasympathetic activity via the modification of temperature of different body areas, caused by different phenomena such as stress-induced hyperthermia or variation in blood flow. Compared to other emotional activation assessment methods, IRT has the advantage of being noninvasive, allowing use without the risk of influencing animals’ behavior or physiological responses. This review describes general principles of IRT functioning, as well as its applications in studies regarding emotional reactions of domestic animals, with a brief section dedicated to the experiments on wildlife; it analyzes potentialities and possible flaws, confronting the results obtained in different taxa, and discusses further opportunities for IRT in studies about animal emotions
Different social bonds produce differential effects on behavior and physiology in Mongolian gerbils.
No full textVALIDATION OF A NEW TEMPERAMENT TEST TO OBTAIN AN USEFUL TOOL FOR ADOPTION OF SHELTER DOGS
No full textDo disrupted early attachment affect the relationship between guide dogs and blind owners?
No full textEsperienze di switch a cariprazina in pazienti affetti da schizofrenia con ricorrenze
No full textNel trattamento a lungo termine dei pazienti affetti da schizofrenia, il problema delle ricadute di malattia è di fondamentale rilevanza clinica e tuttora dibattuto. Una possibile strategia di intervento, in caso di riacutizzazione, è quella dello switch da un farmaco antipsicotico a un altro. Sarebbe utile, in questo senso, avere a disposizione molecole in grado di garantire uno stato di remissione clinica persistente nel tempo. Fra queste è possibile senz'altro considerare cariprazina, un farmaco di recente introduzione, dotato di un profilo d'azione unico rispetto agli altri antipsicotici, sia tipici che atipici
A promising novel judgement bias test to evaluate affective states in dogs (Canis familiaris)
No full textThe judgement bias test represents one of the most applied tools to evaluate animals’ optimistic/pessimistic attitude and to infer their emotional and welfare state accordingly. The judgement bias test (JBT) has been used several times with dogs (Canis familiaris), in most cases using a spatial test that evaluates the dog’s attitude towards a bowl placed in ambiguous positions (located between two unambiguous trained positions associated with opposite outcomes). Results are contrasting and methodological and statistical caveats emerged: dogs struggled to learn the association between unambiguous positions and their outcomes, they hardly discriminated between adjacent locations and they might be influenced by researchers. Therefore, we propose a novel paradigm, aimed at easing the learning process and at achieving more reliable measures. Improvements of the novel paradigm are the increased difference between payoffs of trained locations, the reduction of the number of trials and of their length and the removal of the potential influence of researchers. Results showed that 98% of dogs reached the learning criterion and that their learning appeared more stable: dogs behaved differently between the two trained stimuli and the variability of responses towards these stimuli was lower than the one towards ambiguous stimuli. Behavioural analyses confirmed that dogs fully learned outcomes associated with trained stimuli and that they were hesitant towards ambiguous stimuli. Furthermore, dogs managed to successfully discriminate between each pair of adjacent locations. These results suggest that this protocol is a promising tool to assess judgement biases in dogs and to evaluate their affective state
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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