42 research outputs found
S1-R2 and R1-R2 Backward Crosstalk Both Affect the Central Processing Stage
No full textThis project contains the raw data used within the published article. For questions please contact [email protected]
S1-R2 and R1-R2 Backward Crosstalk Both Affect the Central Processing Stage
No full textThis project contains the raw data used within the published article. For questions please contact [email protected]
S1-R2 and R1-R2 Backward Crosstalk Both Affect the Central Processing Stage
No full textThis project contains the raw data used within the published article. For questions please contact [email protected]
Book review: the House of Commons: an anthropology of MPs at work by Emma Crewe
No full textA new book by Emma Crewe explores the day to day lives of Members of Parliament as they cycle through the House of Commons. MPs are pushed and pulled by various interests and allegiances. Marion Koob finds The House of Commons: An Anthropology of MPs at Work insightful, and is a strong case for anthropologists to be more widely involved in political analysis. The book also gives an excellent overview of the 2010-2015 Parliament, through which the author charts more recent changes, such as the impact of social media and the 24 hours news cycle, the weakening of whips, and more diversified representation
A tutorial on using the paired t test for power calculations in repeated measures ANOVA with interactions
No full textLangenberg B, Janczyk M, Koob V, Kliegl R, Mayer A. A tutorial on using the paired t test for power calculations in repeated measures ANOVA with interactions. Behavior Research Methods . 2022;55:2467–2484.The a priori calculation of statistical power has become common practice in behavioral and social sciences to calculate the necessary sample size for detecting an expected effect size with a certain probability (i.e., power). In multi-factorial repeated measures ANOVA, these calculations can sometimes be cumbersome, especially for higher-order interactions. For designs that only involve factors with two levels each, the paired t test can be used for power calculations, but some pitfalls need to be avoided. In this tutorial, we provide practical advice on how to express main and interaction effects in repeated measures ANOVA as single difference variables. In particular, we demonstrate how to calculate the effect size Cohen's d of this difference variable either based on means, variances, and covariances of conditions or by transforming [Formula: see text] or [Formula: see text] from the ANOVA framework into d. With the effect size correctly specified, we then show how to use the t test for sample size considerations by means of an empirical example. The relevant R code is provided in an online repository for all example calculations covered in this article. © 2022. The Author(s)
Specifying Task 2 Response Activation in Response-Based Backward Crosstalk
No full textIn Dual-Task-Experimenten beeinflussen sich zwei aufeinander folgende Aufgaben gegenseitig. Ein prominentes Phänomen ist dabei der sogenannte response-based backward crosstalk effect (BCE): Er zeigt, dass Reaktionen in der ersten Aufgabe (T1) schneller und weniger fehleranfällig sind, wenn die nachfolgende zweite Aufgabe (T2) die gleiche statt einer anderen Reaktion erfordert. In der Dissertation wurde die zeitliche Dynamik der T2-Reaktionsaktivierung untersucht.
Die Dissertation umfasst drei empirische Studien, die in ihrer Gesamtheit Verfahren der kognitiven Modellierung mit experimentellen Ansätzen kombinieren. In Studie 1 wurde mit Hilfe eines mathematischen Prozessmodells untersucht, ob die Aktivierung der T2-Reaktion monoton ansteigt oder eher transient ist und ob sie die nachfolgende T2-Reaktionsauswahl direkt beeinflusst. Studie 2 untersuchte, ob die Aktivierung der T2-Reaktion immer gleich stark ist, unabhängig davon, ob die Reaktionen in T1 und T2 übereinstimmen oder nicht. Schließlich wurden in Studie 3 alternative Verläufe der Aktivierung der T2-Reaktion mit verbesserten Methoden unter Verwendung des von mir neu entwickelten R-Pakets dRiftDM untersucht.
Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass die voraktivierte T2-Reaktion für die meisten Proband:innen eher monoton ansteigt und die Leistung in T1 sowohl verbessert als auch beeinträchtigt. Die voraktivierte T2-Reaktion hat jedoch keinen direkten Einfluss auf die nachfolgende T2-Reaktionsauswahl
Compatibility Effects With Simple Lever Tools: A Replication and Extension Beyond Simple Button Responses
No full textAcute Ethanol Administration Rapidly Increases Phosphorylation of Conventional Protein Kinase C in Specific Mammalian Brain Regions in Vivo
No full textBackground
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a family of isoenzymes that regulate a variety of functions in the central nervous system including neurotransmitter release, ion channel activity, and cell differentiation. Growing evidence suggests that specific isoforms of PKC influence a variety of behavioral, biochemical, and physiological effects of ethanol in mammals. The purpose of this study was to determine whether acute ethanol exposure alters phosphorylation of conventional PKC isoforms at a threonine 674 (p-cPKC) site in the hydrophobic domain of the kinase, which is required for its catalytic activity.
Methods
Male rats were administered a dose range of ethanol (0, 0.5, 1, or 2 g/kg, intragastric) and brain tissue was removed 10 minutes later for evaluation of changes in p-cPKC expression using immunohistochemistry and Western blot methods.
Results
Immunohistochemical data show that the highest dose of ethanol (2 g/kg) rapidly increases p-cPKC immunoreactivity specifically in the nucleus accumbens (core and shell), lateral septum, and hippocampus (CA3 and dentate gyrus). Western blot analysis further showed that ethanol (2 g/kg) increased p-cPKC expression in the P2 membrane fraction of tissue from the nucleus accumbens and hippocampus. Although p-cPKC was expressed in numerous other brain regions, including the caudate nucleus, amygdala, and cortex, no changes were observed in response to acute ethanol. Total PKC? immunoreactivity was surveyed throughout the brain and showed no change following acute ethanol injection
Теория человеческой агрессивности
No full textThe monograph is a continuation and a definite generalization of the author's works devoted to the problems of social aggressiveness ("The Values of modern civilization: axiological foundations of Homo sapiens", "Philosophical, psychological and sacral senses of the system crisis of human civilization", "Fundamental and applied foundations of the communal / congregational structure of the Universe", "The patterns of the implementation of the multiculturalism / multi-ethics paradigm in Europe and the world", "The systemic, physical and biological sources of social hierarchy, power and aggressiveness"," The Anatomy of Evil"). The use of an interdisciplinary approach enables to outline the methodological foundations and applied mechanisms of human aggression / destructiveness, the essence of which is comprehended in the process of analyzing various aspects of man and the world. It is shown that the phenomenon of aggressiveness/destructiveness results from the discrete-individualistic modus of man and the world. The universal mechanism of evil is substantiated, its place and role in the development of the being are shown, and the provisions of modern theodicy are outlined, one of the bases of which is formulated by the author law of conservation of moral effort and truth. In the supplements, various and sometimes monstrous examples of human aggressiveness are given
