429 research outputs found
To the question of action on the rods lying on elastic foundation, inertial load with a variable speed of its movement
No full textA method for calculating the rods on elastic foundation under the inertial load action when it moves at a variable speed is proposed. Test problems about a force or load movement with variable speeds along a hinged beam and about the movement with a high-speed railway car deceleration along a track section modeled by a hinged supported beam of great length on an elastic foundation are considered. The selection of the elastic foundation material of the rail track determines the dynamics of the high-speed railway car in different modes of its movement. To construct the methodology, the previously proposed by the author of the article solutions are used: a step-by-step procedure for solving the problems of unsteady dynamics of structures and the method of “nodal accelerations” to take into account the action on structures of a moving inertial load
Informatization of higher school: socially-information determinants and development trends
No full textThe paper deals with some specific aspects of the formation of modern socially-informationspace. It also suggests the lines of development of informatization processes in higher school in the medium term. The author introduces his conception of modern higher school ecosystem,built with a number of role models (educational, competence, resource, information, investment, innovation and service)
MOBILE TECHNOLOGIES MANAGEMENT IN THE INFORMATION SPACE OF MODERN INSTITUTE OF HIGHER EDUCATION
No full textThe paper deals with the prerequisites of application of mobile technologies in institutions of higher education taking into consideration Russian specifics. The author suggeststhe construction of the university informatization strategy, based on using mobile devices; discusses the approaches to mobile devices management in the information space of the university; offers mobile data services to support a variety of organizational and educational processes
Парамагнитный резонанс в электрон-примесных системах
No full textThe equation for the magnetization is obtained on the basis of the kinetic equation for an isotropic distribution function of electrons scattering on massive impurity centers in the presence of magnetic and electric fields. The analytical solution of the Cauchy problem for a given initial distribution of the magnetization under conditions of paramagnetic resonance is obtained. The estimated dynamic frequency shift of the forced precession has nonlocal and nonlinear dependence on the nonuniform distribution of the initial magnetization. The dynamic frequency shift of the free precession has only nonlocal character. Time and space dependence of the internal field is obtained. All results are expressed in terms of the initial distribution of the magnetization without specifying its functional form and in terms of the propagation function. These results may be used for analysis of spin diffusion in natural and manmade materials and also in magnetometry.The author thanks Prof. S.V. Peletminskii for the interest in the research and for useful discussion
Метoдoлoгiчний aспект oцiнювaння нaвчaльних дoсягнень студентiв із викopистaнням тестoвoгo контролю
No full textIvanchenko V. O. Methodological aspect of assessing students’ achievements using a test check.
This article describes the principle methodological aspects of estimating higher school students’ knowledge using a test check. The author reveals the main items of the process of measuring the quality of knowledge through a test check.Іванченко В. О. Метoдoлoгiчний aспект oцiнювaння нaвчaльних дoсягнень студентiв із викopистaнням тестoвoгo контролю.
У стaттi poзглянуто oснoвнi метoдoлoгiчнi aспекти oцiнювaння нaвчaльних дoсягнень студентiв ВНЗ iз викopистaнням тестoвoгo кoнтpoлю знaнь. Poзкpито oснoвнi пoлoження пpoцесу вимipювaння якoстi знaнь зa дoпoмoгoю тестoвoгoкoнтpoлю
Overlapping speech in Caryl Churchill’s "Hot Fudge" : constructing interactional and interpersonal contexts
No full textThe script of Caryl Churchill’s short play Hot Fudge (like several other plays by this author) contains detailed directions for overlapping conversation. At certain points in the play these may be contributing to a number of effects similar to those described for the naturally occurring ‘collaborative floor’, such as enthusiasm and mutual support. The importance of an interactive approach to constructed conversation is pointed out in the article, particularly that of analysing the overlapped speaker’s response to appreciate the discursive significance of the overlapping turn. For instance, acknowledging and/or reusing the other speaker’s overlapping formulations in a non-oppositional format can show an understanding of these contributions as collaboratively oriented. Therefore, such an interpretation of overlapping dialogue in a dramatic text will affect the reader’s understanding of the interpersonal context (e.g. dominance-seeking/mutual support/collaboration between pairs of speakers). In particular, this approach is taken to show how certain kinds of overlapping similar to those described for the naturally occurring conversation can be used dramatically to supportive rather than conflictive ends. Overall, it is shown how the dramatic characters’ interpersonal orientations become inferable from their use of certain dialogic options
RATIONAL DESIGN OF PLASMONIC HYBRID HETERO-NANOARCHITECTURES WITH GEOMETRICALLY TUNABLE OPTICAL PROPERTIES FOR PLASMON-MEDIATED APPLICATIONS
No full textThis work is embargoed by the author and will not be publicly available until December 2025.Multicomponent plasmonic nanoparticles, especially structurally well-defined noble metal — nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenide dual plasmonic hybrid hetero-nanostructures, have emerged as an intriguing platform of superstructures due to their synergistically reinforced optical properties. The integration of two intrinsically dissimilar plasmonic constituents in one nano-entity empowers researchers to explore many new-yet-unexpected features, holding tremendous potential for plasmon-mediated energy transfer, plasmon-enhanced photocatalysis, and plasmon-related photothermal and photodynamic theranostics. Although significant research efforts have been dedicated to exploring the potential of those novel nanomaterials for biomedical applications, there remains a dearth of knowledge concerning their structural design complexity, the impact of nanoarchitecture on optical properties, as well as a comprehensive understanding of fundamental aspects, such as plasmon interactions within nanostructure. In attempt to bridge the existing knowledge gap, the photocatalytic experiments have been performed to compare efficiency of the hetero-nanostructures when only optical resonances of Cu2–xSe shell were photoexcited and when both noble metal and semiconductor were photoexcited simultaneously. The rate of photocatalytic reactions under the dual plasmon excitation was found to be greater than those under sole excitation of semiconductor shell and attributed to the plasmonic coupling between two dissimilar optical resonances. To further explore the role of the plasmonic coupling strengths in photocatalysis, dual plasmonic hetero-nanostructures based on anisotropic core were studied. Such a deliberate design produces tunable plasmon resonance of metallic component at lower energies, which is much closer to the spectral position of vacancy-doped copper chalcogenides optical response, ensuring more efficient coupling. The results suggest that the photocatalytic activity of anisotropic dual-plasmonic nanostructures is defined by plasmonic coupling strength and their surface area. To enrich the library of available dual plasmonic hetero-nanostructures, hard-template synthesis of hollow nanocrystals comprising noble metal cores and nonstoichiometric copper chalcogenide shells was developed. Hollow dual plasmonic nanostructures have been synthesized using two distinctive organic chalcogenide precursors through the nanoscale Kirkendall effect. Among those nanomaterials, preparation and characterization of hollow dual plasmonic Au@Cu2−xSe hybrid nanostructures have been performed for the first time. The divergence of nanoarchitectures and the interior pore size tunability of obtained hollow dual plasmonic hetero-nanostructures with different copper chalcogenide shells and their impact on optical properties were methodically studied. While Au@Cu2−xSe have been fabricated after complete transformation of Au@Cu2O templates, remaining Cu2O was still attached to the Au core after the synthesis of Au@Cu2−xS. This architecture divergence caused discrepancy in extinction spectra of these nanomaterials. Plasmonic nanocatalysts generally based on noble metal nanoparticles, such as gold, silver, and copper exhibit rather limited catalytic activities, which hinders their practical applications in the real world. Conversely, other noble metal nanocrystals, such as palladium with a myriad of well-controlled morphologies and superior catalytic performances do not support LSPRs excitation in the visible or near-infrared spectral ranges due to plasmon damping. In this context, multicomponent hybrid hetero-nanostructures integrating desired plasmonic and catalytic constituents have been obtained from Au@Ag nanocuboids templates via galvanic replacement reaction with H2PdCl4. Pd-rich hollow multimetallic nanostructures with precisely controlled Pd content exhibited increase in extinction intensity and tunable plasmon resonances. Their catalytic activity was studied in the SERS monitored reduction reaction of 4-nitrothiophenol by NaBH4. Ag(nanocubes)@Cu2O NPs is one more important class of multicomponent heterostructured nanosystems comprising a noble metal and a semiconductor, showing enhanced and tunable plasmonic properties. Optimization of Ag(nanocubes)@Cu2O nanocomposites characteristics was performed through the precise control over the synthetic parameters. Prepared Ag@Cu2O core-shell hetero-nanostructures with the shell thickness ~70 nm possessed LSPR band resonant with the NIR laser (λex = 808 nm) and demonstrated the highest photothermal conversion efficiency of ~25.4%. These findings have significant implications in various biomedical applications due to the superior tissue penetration of 808 nm laser compared to widely used 980 nm excitation wavelength or visible light.2025-12-1
Сервисная модель цифровой (электронной) библиотеки образовательной организации
No full textTheoretical, regulative and organizational foundations for developing e-libraries are discussed along with the experience of their operation in educational systems in Russia and worldwide. The author defines the digital (electronic) library of an educational institution as the integrated organizational, software and technological tools to support educational activities, computerize key library and information processes, integrated at the level of user data with library and information services within the e-libraries and public libraries, digital educational resources and platforms.When building the model of digital (electronic) library, educational organizations are recommended to apply service-based approach so to structurize the list of services of information acquisition, processing, storage, representation and delivery to library users, e. g. students, pedagogues, parents and administrators. The minimum requirements, including these used in the related information systems, to data within the service-based model are determined; the repertory of analytical digital services for assessing, forecasting and modelling of educational activities, is suggested. These approaches are efficient in digital transformation of libraries and building of digital (electronic) libraries within the structure of educational environment.В работе рассмотрены теоретические, нормативные и организационные предпосылки создания электронных библиотек, а также практика их эксплуатации в различных образовательных системах мира и России. Под понятием цифровая (электронная) библиотека образовательной организации автор подразумевает комплекс организационных, программных и технологических инструментов, предназначенных для обеспечения образовательной деятельности, автоматизации основных процессов библиотечно-информационного обслуживания, интегрированных на уровне пользовательских данных с библиотечно-информационными сервисами, электронными и публичными библиотеками, цифровыми образовательными ресурсами и платформами.При построении модели цифровой (электронной) библиотеки образовательной организации рекомендуется применять сервисный подход, позволяющий структурировать перечень услуг по сбору, обработке, хранению, представлению и передаче информации пользователям библиотеки: учащимся, педагогам, родителям и административному персоналу. Определены минимальные требования сервисной модели к составу используемых данных, в том числе из смежных информационных систем; предложен набор аналитических цифровых сервисов для оценки, прогнозирования и моделирования образовательной деятельности. Заявленные подходы эффективны для цифровой трансформации библиотеки и создания цифровых (электронных) библиотек в структуре образовательной среды
Conflicting patterns of thought in the Russian debate on transition: 2003-2007
No full textThis article is a continuation of two essays by the same author on Soviet/Russian economic debates between 1987 and 2002 published in Europe-Asia Studies in 2006 and 2007, so now the series of articles covers 20 years of Soviet/Russian discussions on economic reforms. Should Russia strive to become a 'Western' country marked by democracy and a market economy serving the individual interests of its citizens, or was it more important to become a great power again? Are Western patterns of political and economic life suitable for Russia or is the attempt to import foreign institutional structures doomed for failure, making it necessary for Russia to find her own way? This type of question, going far beyond the realm of economics, was and still is at the heart of the debate among Russian economists, which shall be discussed here, on the basis of a qualitative content analysis of the most important economic journals and selected monographs. --
Artificial Intelligence and Law: Theoretical and Legal Features
No full textArtificial Intelligence (AI) has become one of the most transformative technological phenomena in the modern digital era. This article raises fundamental theoretical and legal issues related to the classification and regulation of artificial intelligence. This study aims to examine in depth the concept, characteristics, legal nature, scope of application, and regulatory framework of artificial intelligence from an information law perspective. This study uses a qualitative method with a literature approach and a legal approach (normative juridical), where data is obtained through a literature review of various scientific literature, laws and regulations, legal documents, and relevant academic articles. In this study, the author explores various approaches in defining the concept of AI, as well as examining its legal regulations in various jurisdictions. One important finding shows that artificial intelligence law can be categorized as a legal institution within the information law framework. In addition, the issue of legal responsibility for AI actions is an important highlight, considering that artificial intelligence can act autonomously but does not yet have a clear legal subject. This article also describes the use of AI in various fields such as health, transportation, and finance, considering each sector\u27s specific characteristics. While the benefits offered, such as efficiency and automation, the article also highlights the potential risks inherent, including privacy violations and algorithmic bias. Overall, this research provides conceptual and normative insights into the legal challenges and opportunities in the development and application of AI
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