130,426 research outputs found
An investigation of the relationships between radiological measurement in frontfeet of young warmblood horses bred in Belgium
No full textMeSH term explosion and author rank improve expert recommendations
No full textInformation overload is an often-cited phenomenon that reduces the productivity, efficiency and efficacy of scientists. One challenge for scientists is to find appropriate collaborators in their research. The literature describes various solutions to the problem of expertise location, but most current approaches do not appear to be very suitable for expert recommendations in biomedical research. In this study, we present the development and initial evaluation of a vector space model-based algorithm to calculate researcher similarity using four inputs: 1) MeSH terms of publications; 2) MeSH terms and author rank; 3) exploded MeSH terms; and 4) exploded MeSH terms and author rank. We developed and evaluated the algorithm using a data set of 17,525 authors and their 22,542 papers. On average, our algorithms correctly predicted 2.5 of the top 5/10 coauthors of individual scientists. Exploded MeSH and author rank outperformed all other algorithms in accuracy, followed closely by MeSH and author rank. Our results show that the accuracy of MeSH term-based matching can be enhanced with other metadata such as author rank
Paranasal sinus cysts in the horse : Complications related to their presence and surgical treatment in 37 cases
No full textBackground Paranasal sinus cysts (PSC) are a common cause of equine secondary sinusitis. The outcome and associated complications have not been frequently reported. Objectives Study design To review the associated clinical signs, associated morbidities and outcomes of horses treated for PSC. Retrospective multicentre case series. Methods Results Retrospective analysis of case records and telephone follow up survey. Subjects were 37 horses 1-24 years old that were presented with nasal discharge (n = 31), facial swelling (n = 25) and epiphora (n = 19). Radiography and computed tomography allowed identification of the cyst-induced changes including concomitant tissue destruction (n = 31), leading among other things to local nerve damage causing headshaking (n = 6) and unilateral blindness (n = 1). Radiographic changes to adjacent dental apices were present in 10 horses. Horses over 10 years old showed more of the named associated problems. Post-operative complications included surgical site infection (SSI) (n = 11), nasofrontal suture periostitis (n = 6) and sequestration (n = 1) following removal of the PSC via osteotomy. The long-term response to treatment was available for 28 cases with 22 horses (78.6%) fully cured, 4 (14.3%) partially cured and 2 (7.1%) not responding to treatment. In 7 horses (18.9%) there was recurrence of the cyst post-operatively. Main limitations Conclusions Due to the study being a multicentre retrospective case series with collection of data over an extended period, there may be inconsistency in data recording and absence of reporting of some findings. Overall, the diagnosis and treatment of sinus cysts is relatively straightforward and carries a good prognosis. In long-standing cases complications secondary to the expansive growth of cysts will dramatically affect the prognosis for full recovery due to pressure-induced changes to facial bones, cheek teeth and nerves. These secondary complications mainly occurring in older horses may be due to a combination of a relatively longer period of affection and the inflexibility of older horses' bones. Cyst recurrence following treatment can occur in up to 19% of cases
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
No full textThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
E’ sufficiente la sola proiezione latero-mediale (LM) nella diagnosi delle patologie ortopediche di sviluppo (DOD) del garretto in cavalli in accrescimento? Studio preliminare. Is latero-medial (LM) view sufficient for diagnosis of developmental orthopedic diseases (DOD) at the hock joint in young horses? Preliminary study
No full textRadiographic examination is a very useful non invasive diagnostic tool for detection of most of the developmental osteo-articular diseases in young horses, where the hock joint often shows radiographic signs referable to DOD. A good program of radiographical screening should have a high diagnostic efficacy with the smallest number of views possible. Aim of the study was to compare, in hocks of young horses, diagnosis made by reading all 4SV with diagnosis obtained from the single LM view. Radiographies of 34 hocks with signs of the commonest DOD have been selected. A valuating grid helps less experienced lectors to check all commonly affected anatomical sites. For experienced lectors, single LM view can subside 4SV for most of the signs of DOD of the hock excepting OC at the tibial malleoli
"Closing the R&D Gap, Evaluating the Sources of R&D Spending"
No full textBoth spending and tax policies have been implemented in the United States with the goal of stimulating private sector research and development (R&D). Karier questions whether current R&D policy, especially the research and experimentation tax credit, can contribute to closing the gap between nondefense expenditures on R&D in the United States and such expenditures in other countries, such as Japan and Germany. He also explores possible changes to our current R&D policy to make it more effective.
Breath Alcohol Test Results in Equine Veterinarians after Performing an Abdominal Ultrasound with Ethanol
No full textTranscutaneous abdominal ultrasonography using alcohol saturation is used in the diagnostic workup of a variety of conditions in horses. The duration of the examination and the amount of alcohol used in each case may vary depending on several factors. The aim of this study is to describe the breath alcohol test results obtained by veterinarians performing abdominal ultrasound on horses. Six volunteers were enrolled, after written consent, and a Standardbred mare was used for the whole study protocol. Each operator performed a total of 6 ultrasounds by pouring the ethanol solution from a jar or by spray application, for a duration of 10, 30, and 60 min. An infrared breath alcohol analyzer was used immediately after completing the ultrasonography and at 5-min intervals until a negative result was obtained. Positive results were obtained for 0–60 min after the procedure. A statistically significant difference was found between the groups that used more than 1000 mL, 300–1000 mL, and less than 300 mL of ethanol. No significant differences were observed between the type of ethanol administration and the time of exposure. Based on this study, equine vets who perform ultrasound on horses can test positive at the breath alcohol test for up to 60 min following ethanol exposure. © 2023 by the authors
Prevalences of developmental orthopedic disease (DOD) in young horses bred in Belgium and in Sardina. Radiographic screening
No full text"\"To determine prevalences of DOD and joints more affected, by the detection of radiographic signs, in two. groups of young horses, bred in different breeding conditions: Belgium and Sardinia.. Two groups of horses were considered. The belgian group, 676 stallions, aged 3.27 ± 2.04 years, weighting. 530 ± 41.09 kg, presented for admission to the \"Royal Belgian Sports Horse Society\". The sardinian group,. 24 horses, aged 3.75 ± 1.35 years, weighting 420 ± 40.5 Kg, presented for pre purchase examinations. In the. belgian group, official report of the lectures was established by agreement between two ECVDI radiologists.. In the sardinian group, final report was established by agreement between the veterinary practitioner and. an ECVDI radiologist. Radiographic images were recognised according to the classification described by. Denoix and were assigned a Radiographic Score (RS) of severity, where Abnormal Radiographic Images (ARI) had RS 2, 4 or 8, while Suspected Radiographic Images (SRI), had always RS 1 (1).. By Z‐test (P<0.05), for each joint in both groups of horses, prevalence of ARI and SRI, as well as prevalence. of the most detected DOD and RS were determined.. In the front foot, ARI plus SRI were found in 77.7% of the belgian group with RS 0.6 and in 95.8% of the. sardinian group with RS 1.2. Synovial distension of the dorsal recess of the distal interphalangeal joint was. found in 45% of the belgian group and in the 66% of the sardinian group.. In the fetlock, ARI plus SRI were detected in 51.4% of belgian group with RS 1.3 and in 83% of sardinian. group with RS 2.4. The most represented lesions were the irregularity of the proximal border of the sagittal. ridge of the McIII and MtIII in belgian group (16.1%) and remodeling of the proximal border of proximal. phalanx in sardinian group (37.5%).. In the hock, both in belgian and in sardinian group, only SRI were found, with prevalence of 22.3 in the first. and 8.3 in the second group, always with RS 1. Bony spur at the dorsoproximal margin of the MtIII was. detected in 8% of the belgian group while it was absent in the sardinian group.. At the stifle, only ARI were found in the belgian group, with prevalence of 8.4% and RS 5.6, while none ARI but only SRI were found in the sardinian group (12.5%) with RS 1.7. Osteochondrosis at the femoral. trochlear ridges without fragments was the lesion most detected in the belgian group (5%), while flattening. at the femoral trochlear ridges was detected in the sardinian group (12.5 %).. Higher prevalence of DOD at hock and stifle in the belgian group agreeds with literature (2,3) and it correlates with the greater weight of the horses of the belgian group. On the contrary, sardinian horses are. less affected by degenerative lesions, but more affected by lesions of traumatic origin at the front foot.\"
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
No full textWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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