1,720,982 research outputs found
Coscienza degli animali e interazione uomo animale
No full textIl benessere degli animali negli allevamenti zootecnici ha ormai grande importanza non soltanto sotto l’aspetto etico ma anche come fattore in grado di influenzare la qualità dei prodotti destinati all’alimentazione umana. La ricerca,
tuttavia, mostra ancora evidenti carenze sulla valutazione dello stato di benessere degli animali sia per la mancanza di parametri oggettivi, sia gli studi limitati e concentrati sugli aspetti legati agli animali, che hanno trascurato fattori importanti come l’interazione uomo-animale e le capacità cognitive degli animali. E’ accertato che esistono stretti rapporti tra il comportamento dell’uomo con gli animali e le risposte che essi hanno verso l’uomo e la produttività. Gli animali che hanno paura dell’uomo hanno più probabilità di manifestare stress in sua
presenza comportando talvolta immunodepressione con serie conseguenze sulla loro salute. Le ricerche di tipo etologico e cognitivo possono contribuire al benessere
fornendo evidenze obiettive sul modo in cui gli animali reagiscono alle condizioni di cattività negli allevamenti e all’interazione con l’uomo. Gli indicatori biologici non consentono da soli di valutare sempre lo stato di benessere degli animali, infatti, non è inusuale che un animale presenti delle anormalità comportamentali senza mostrare nel contempo alcuna variazione fisiologica riconducibile
ad uno stato di stress, il che rende difficile decidere quali siano gli indicatori più affidabili
Crossmodal association between visual and acoustic cues in a tortoise (Testudo hermanni)
Full text link: Humans spontaneously match information coming from different senses, in what we call crossmodal associations. For instance, high-pitched sounds are preferentially associated with small objects, and low-pitched sounds with larger ones. Although previous studies reported crossmodal associations in mammalian species, evidence for other taxa is scarce, hindering an evolutionary understanding of this phenomenon. Here, we provide evidence of pitch-size correspondence in a reptile, the tortoise Testudo hermanni. Tortoises showed a spontaneous preference to associate a small disc (i.e. visual information about size) with a high-pitch sound (i.e. auditory information) and a larger disc to a low-pitched sound. These results suggest that crossmodal associations may be an evolutionary ancient phenomenon, potentially an organizing principle of the vertebrate brain
Newborn chicks show inherited variability in early social predispositions for hen-like stimuli
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Filial responses as predisposed and learned preferences: Early attachment in chicks and babies
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