1,721,017 research outputs found
Handbook of Cultural Heritage Analysis
No full textElectrical resistivity is an important physical property that controls current flow in both natural and man-made materials. This property being sensitive to mineral- ogy, texture (porosity), fabric, and saturation can easily capture volume contrasts in the investigated material. This capability makes its utilization in the investiga- tion of historical walls a powerful noninvasive tool that can show more insight on possible presence of invisible internal defects as well as on providing bulk information showing the internal distribution of mortar being employed by many engineers for consolidation. The large difference in resistivity values of mortar with respect to the building materials (cemented natural and/or artificial blocks) makes the application of the resistivity method feasible in view of recent advances in hardware and software technologies. This allows for the achievement of detailed 3D resistivity volumes of the otherwise inaccessible internal structure of the historical wall. In this chapter, the geoelectrical resistivity method and the electrical properties of the mortar used in consolidation will be introduced. In addition, two case studies from Italy will be presented
Underground Built Heritage in Naples: From Knowledge to Monitoring and Enhancement
No full textNaples has always had a very special relationship with its underground layers:
under the 0 level, there is the negative face of the aboveground city; so far, not
entirely rediscovered, monitored, or valorized. Those spaces offer the key to a
deeper knowledge on the urban history of the city because, even though this
geological area is not characterized by natural caves at all, all Neapolitan artificial cavities are a testimony to the life of the inhabitants and the skills they adopted to maximize the potential of the profitable natural location of the city. Nowadays monitoring underground networks is fundamental to guarantee the security of the present aboveground city, but, at the same time, underground space can also be a resource for future networking, in the respect of archeological layers. Underground space can also be adopted in the definition of cultural routes and can stimulate the creation of virtual tours as well. With such a multifaceted character, a multidisciplinary approach to the underground layers of Naples is required. This chapter is the result of a multidisciplinary approach to the study of Naples’ underground
Mechanical Monolithic Inertial Sensors for Historical and Archeological Heritage Real-Time Broadband Monitoring
No full textThe evaluation of the health state of historical and archeological infrastructures requires an analysis of their dynamical behavior in connection with natural and anthropic actions, whose accuracy is mainly determined by the band and sensitivity of the sensors. The latter are generally accelerometers, consisting of classical mechanical oscillators with a force feedback control, whose improvement has been directed and determined by the progress of the control electronics in the last decades. The mechanics, instead, has experienced only a limited evolution, mainly due to the introduction of new materials and modern machining techniques. But recently the introduction of the UNISA folded pendulum technological platform, a synthesis of more than 10 years of research and development, is allowing the implementation of very low-frequency compact monolithic oscillators (<100 mHz), limited in sensitivity only by their mechanical thermal noise (<10−14m/sqrt(Hz),making it possible the implementation of state-of-the-art inertial seismometers, accelerometers, and tiltmeters. Many different mechanical sensors based on this platform have been tested along the years, with relevant scientific results and applications also in the field of historical and archeological heritage, like the Trajan Arch in Benevento (Italy). In the following, models, implementations, and selected scientific results are presented and discussed
Influence of the “Host-guest” interactions on the mobility of Genistein/Beta Cyclodextrin inclusion complex
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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
On the Role of Historical Research in the Structural Condition Assessment of Heritage Structures
No full textNatural events and the degradation of materials cause the loss of historical built heritage worldwide. An attempt to provide a comprehensive answer to the need for structural safety and conservation has been made during the last decades in several European countries because of major earthquakes. Innovative approaches and recommendations have been included in relevant technical codes, whose revision and validation are ongoing. Progress in technology and technical knowledge deployed new and detailed tools for the quantitative analysis of heritage structures, but this has led to the need of a continuous and conscious interaction between different professionals despite their cultural background. This chapter deals with the role of historical research in the technical process regarding the structural assessment and design of works to ensure the stability and durability of historical structures exposed to seismic and other natural hazards. Historical analysis is crucial in the assessment of built heritage, and it makes it possible to draft accurate and effective in situ investigation plans, essential for the implementation of structural models and analyses. Some examples of historical analyses complying with the needs associated to structural performance assessment are illustrated to this aim
Information and Communication Technology (ICT) for Built Cultural Heritage
No full textThe Italian territory is characterized by an extremely high number of
Cultural Heritage. Their complete knowledge is extremely complex, also
in relation to the multiple investigations requested. The purpose of this
chapter is ICT for Built Cultural Heritage – BCH (architectural and
archaeological artifacts) to collect and process the data that will be used
for their analysis, safeguarding, enhancement, and communication. The
contribution proposes an articulated approach, aimed at the knowledge of
Cultural Heritage, based on an integrated process between multiple models
(computer scientist, context, information). Procedures will be defined to
guarantee the quality and integration of the data acquired, providing
continuous access to the information collected and processed in digital
format. Most of the data will be processed as 3D digital models,
incorporated into BIM systems and then processed using a Heritage BIM
model. Through the creation of a data base that can also be consulted on
offline and web-based systems, new forms of interaction between BCH and
stakeholders will be identified and used, defining active procedures within
the knowledge process. An example of this procedure will be applied to the
archaeological complex of the Roman city of Casinum, in southern Lazio
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