100 research outputs found
ОБЩЕСТВО СПЕКТАКЛЯ. «ДРАМА» ОНОРЕ ДОМЬЕ
No full textThe paper considers issues of interpretation of Honore Daumier’s painting «Drama» (Neue Pinakothek, Munich). A. Rykov explores «Drama» as a unique example of deconstruction strategies in the nineteenth-century art. The author studies religious, social and erotic connotations of the painting. Special attention is paid to the problems of mass culture and populism in the context of Romantic aesthetics. The paper belongs to the author’s scientific project on the investigation of the origins of avant-garde art.Статья посвящена проблемам интерпретации известного живописного произведения Оноре Домье из собрания Новой Пинакотеки в Мюнхене. Автор рассматривает «Драму» как уникальный пример деконструкции в искусстве ХIХ столетия. Изучаются религиозные, социальные, эротические коннотации данного произведения. Особое внимание уделяется проблемам массовой культуры и популизма в контексте романтической эстетики. Статья является частью научного проекта автора, связанного с исследованием происхождения искусства авангарда
Conservative numerical methods for advanced model kinetic equations
No full textModel kinetic equations are often used to describe rarefied gas flows in the broad range of flow regimes. Accurate model kinetic equations were proposed by Shakhov [1] for monatomic gases and by Rykov [2] for diatomic gases. The main advantage of these model equations over other models reported in the literature is that the model collision integral contains expressions for heat fluxes and ensures their correct relaxation, e.g. correct Prandtl number for the monatomic gas. Developing conservative numerical methods for kinetic equations is a demanding task due to the nonlinear character and very high dimension of these equations. These methods are defined as methods from which the discrete conservation laws for the mass, momentum and energy follow. Non-conservative methods produce non-physical source terms in the conservation equations and may fail to converge to the proper solution as the Knudsen number is decreased unless the velocity grid is constantly refined. Due to the highly nonlinear character of the kinetic equation, both exact and model ones, the conservation property is very difficult to satisfy. The aim of this paper is to present a direct approach for ensuring conservation in the numerical methods for model kinetic equations, including Shakhov and Rykov models. The approach is based on the approximation of the conditions which are used in deriving these model equations. We construct a nonlinear system of equations defining the macro parameters in collision integrals. This system can be easily solved numerically. The resulting numerical methods do not require prohibitively fine meshes and ensures correct relaxation of heat fluxes in the continuum limits. We apply the proposed method to a plane hypersonic flow over a plate. The obtained results illustrate the robustness and accuracy of the method
ARCHITECTURAL PLACEMAKING OF TECHNOLOGY PARKS: ENCOURAGEMENT OF CREATIVE THINKING
No full textThe present-day postindustrial or information-oriented society features an ever growing role of creative and intellectual abilities. This trend facilitates transformation of the workforce, as the portion of manual labor is reduced, while the one of intellectual labor goes up. As a result, architectural placemaking has to meet the new requirements driven by the specific nature of social and physiological constituents of the headwork. The aim of the article is the identification of new challenges that the high-quality architecture has to meet in its efforts to service the intellectual labour environment. For illustrative purposes, the author has chosen research and technology parks as the most typical postindustrial facilities.
According to the author, intellectual constituents of the architectural practice represent systematic and research components. This division is the result of the analysis of research and technology parks. The author has made an attempt to identify special conditions of effective creativity in architectural practice. They include comfort, availability, information system development, calm, sociality, significance and variability.
The list of conditions and general methods of their implementation presented by the author can be used in a wide range of project goals connected with the architectural design of research and technology parks and stimulation of creative potential of the people involved
Absent Look. Edouard Manet and Timothy Clark’s Theory of Modernism
No full textThe paper considers issues of interpretation of Edouard Manet’s oeuvre in the context of the Modernist theory of art. The focus is on the Anglo-American theoretical tradition. The author traces the evolution of Modernist conceptions in the American study of art (from Formalism to “New Art History”). Emphasis is given to Timothy Clark’s “Painting of Modern Life: Paris in the Art of Manet and His Followers” (1984) and its evaluation from the Post-Structuralist point of view. The author concentrates on the key metaphors and mythological constructs of Clark’s text (flatness, literalness, the society of the spectacle, ideology, class, uncertainty, and resistance to interpretation). T. J. Clark’s theory of modernism is analyzed in connection with reductionist and negativist strategies in the modern humanities. T. J. Clark’s attitude to the Formalist tradition and Clement Greenberg’s heritage is examined. The main Marxist conceptions, developed in the works of Marx, Benjamin, and Adorno (alienation, reification, fetishism), have their analogies in aestheticism, formalism and modernism. This is the reason why Clark’s interpretation quite naturally supplements the existing scientific literature on the subject. Specific attention is given to the semiotic element in Clark’s Marxism. The author speaks of the advantages of Manet’s interpretation in Jacques Derrida’s vocabulary of notions (absence / presence, différance, and deconstruction). Particular importance is paid to Manet’s links to Primitivist strategies and eighteenth-century art. The author comes to the conclusion that Marxism can be interpreted as a cultural phenomenon and Modernist hypertext. According to this logic, Clark transforms Marxist theory into a system of metaphors projecting it onto concrete artistic material. The paper is part of the author’s project investigating the origins of modernist / avant-garde art
Long-term follow-up of school-age children on the effectiveness of myopia correction with contact lenses
No full textAleieva Nataliia, Rykov Sergiy, Shargorodska Iryna, Petrovsky Mykola. Long-term follow-up of school-age children on the effectiveness of myopia correction with contact lenses. Journal of Education, Health and Sport. 2021;11(03): 266-282. eISSN 2391-8306. DOI http://dx.doi.org/10.12775/JEHS.2021.11.03.026
https://apcz.umk.pl/czasopisma/index.php/JEHS/article/view/JEHS.2021.11.03.026
https://zenodo.org/record/5338488
The journal has had 5 points in Ministry of Science and Higher Education parametric evaluation. § 8. 2) and § 12. 1. 2) 22.02.2019.
© The Authors 2021;
This article is published with open access at Licensee Open Journal Systems of Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Poland
Open Access. This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Noncommercial License which permits any noncommercial use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium,
provided the original author (s) and source are credited. This is an open access article licensed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Non commercial license Share alike.
(http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/) which permits unrestricted, non commercial use, distribution and reproduction in any medium, provided the work is properly cited.
The authors declare that there is no conflict of interests regarding the publication of this paper.
Received: 15.02.2021. Revised: 26.02.2021. Accepted: 31.03.2021.
Long-term follow-up of school-age children on the effectiveness of myopia correction with contact lenses
Nataliia Aleieva1, Sergiy Rykov1, Iryna Shargorodska1, Mykola Petrovsky2
1Shupyk National Healthcare University of Ukraine, Kyiv, Ukraine
2Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ukraine
Nataliia Aleieva ORCID: 0000-0001-8127-9039
Sergiy Rykov ORCID: 0000-0002-3495-7471
Irynа Shargorodska ORCID: 0000-0001-8958-1849
Mykola Petrovsky ORCID: 0000-0003-3267-7123
Abstract
Introduction and purpose. Early use of contact correction for congenital myopia and astigmatism in children and adolescents contributes to their social rehabilitation. The myopia correction with contact lenses provides sustainability of correction and absence of periods of blurred retinal images, which are experienced with the use of glasses. The purpose of the study was to determine, through long-term follow-up, the extent to which contact lens correction improves uncorrected and maximally corrected visual acuity in school-age children with myopia and myopic astigmatism. Material and methods. We followed up for three years 84 children (168 eyes) aged 6–16 years with myopic manifest refraction and astigmatism, who used soft silicone hydrogel aspherical contact lenses to correct ametropia. In the early and late follow-up, these patients were examined for visual acuity, objective and subjective clinical refraction, axial eye length, corneal thickness and diameter, keratometry, and phorometric data (accommodation, vergence, disparate areas, and oculomotor apparatus and their interaction). Results. In course of long-term monitoring of myopia and myopic astigmatism correction with contact lenses in school-age children, the statistically significant results were recorded after three years of observation, namely: an increase in uncorrected visual acuity by 47% (t=5.2; p<0.01), corrected acuity vision by 8% (t=9.3; p<0.01), the spheroequivalent by 17% (t=3.7; p<0.01), anteroposterior segment of the eye by 4% (t=7,1; p<0.01), amplitude of accommodation by 27% (t=14.6; p<0.01), negative part of relative accommodation by 17% (t=7.3; p<0.01), positive part of relative accommodation by 32% (t=7.1; p<0.01), flexibility of accommodation by 35% (t=14.2; p<0.01), the ratio of accommodation convergence to accommodation by 19% (t=3.4, p<0.01), stereovision acuity by 56% (t=4.1; p<0.01), as well as a decrease in keratometry index in the strong meridian by 2% (t=5.2; p<0.01), delays in accommodative responses by 33% (t=14.2; p <0.01), distance phoria by 16% (t=10.1; p<0.01), near phoria by 16% (t=11.3, p<0.01). Conclusions. The study has shown that the use of contact lenses by school-aged children with myopia and myopic astigmatism can increase uncorrected and maximum corrected visual acuity. The increase of the spheroequivalent and anteroposterior axis (APA) of the eye indicates progression of myopia, but the use of soft contact lenses (SCL) leads to changes of the anterior corneal surface: an increase of the thickness in the central zone, and its flattening. Improvement of accommodation, vergence, disparate parts of the oculomotor apparatus, and their interaction was also observed. The results obtained indicate deceleration of myopia progression.
Keywords: myopia; astigmatism; contact correction; phorometry; APA: anteroposterior axis; SCL: soft contact lens; WTW: white-to-white; NRA: negative relative accommodation; PRA: positive relative accommodation
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Drell-Yan pairs, W{plus_minus} and Z{sup 0} event rates and background at RHIC
No full textThe estimates for the Drell-Yan pairs, W{sup {+-}} and Z{sup 0} acceptances and event rates in the STAR and PHENIX detectors at RHIC are presented. The background to W{sup {+-}} in STAR evaluated. The results were obtained by Monte-Carlo simulations with the PYTHIA/JETSET and GEANT programs. 10 refs., 3 figs., 3 tabs
The Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns and the Theory of Modernism
No full textThis paper considers issues of convergence of classical and modernist art theories on the example
of the so-called Quarrel of the Ancients and the Moderns at the turn of the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries. The works of the main participants in this debate, Charles Perrault
and Nicolas Boileau, are examined in the context of the theory of modernism and questions
of the origin of modernist art. The aggravation of the contradictions between the two versions
of the theory of classicism and, more broadly, the two concepts of modernity, led to
the formation of new views on the nature of art in the era of late Louis XIV. The leader of the
“Moderns,” Charles Perrault, became the founder of the rationalistic and scientistic theories of
modernism, gravitating towards aestheticism, formalism, and semiotics of art. In this article,
his theories are explored in connection with the modernist formalist discourse and theoretical
work of Clement Greenberg. In addition, Charles Perrault’s theory of art is placed in the space
of the theory of “aesthetic modernism” (aesthetic movement) and the theory of “art for art’s
sake.” Particular attention is paid to the comparative characteristics of the texts of Charles Perrault,
Oscar Wilde, and Julius Meier-Graefe. In turn, the works of the chief theoretician of the
“ancients,” Nicolas Boileau, are studied in the context of ideas of the “conservative revolution.”
From this perspective, the interpretation of the category of the sublime by Pseudo-Longinus,
Boileau, and representatives of romantic culture is assessed. The author concludes that Nicola
Boileau and Charles Perrault represent different equal branches of modernist discourse. At
the same time, Charles Perrault managed not only to anticipate certain phenomena of the
culture of modernism in his texts, but also to take important steps towards the contemporary
scientific theory of art
МІЖНАРОДНІ СТАНДАРТИ ТА КРИТЕРІЇ ЕКОНОМІЧНОЇ БЕЗПЕКИ ЯК ОСНОВА ЇЇ МОНІТОРИНГУ
No full textThe article examines the existing international standards and criteria of economic security as a basis for its monitoring. It shows that the processes of guaranteeing economic security are urgent in the modern world and include a significant number of procedures. The vast majority of national security strategies implement economic security through radical economic reforms, integration into world security systems, accession to economic unions and organizations. The study proved that the approaches to the criteria of economic security, the use of standards that determine the level of implementation of economic security, indicates the lack of uniform approaches to the tools for monitoring key indicators of resilience to crises and risks of the economic sphere. The author concluded that macroeconomic indicators are considered as indicators that determine the achievement of economic security; indicators of socio-economic status, functional and sectoral level; indicators of international indices that reflect the economic activity of countries. Along with this, it is advisable to improve the methodology for monitoring the implementation of economic security on the basis of an integrated combination of a set of standards and criteria of economic orientation, which will form a system of effective response to economic risks and crises.The article examines the existing international standards and criteria of economic security as a basis for its monitoring. It shows that the processes of guaranteeing economic security are urgent in the modern world and include a significant number of procedures. The vast majority of national security strategies implement economic security through radical economic reforms, integration into world security systems, accession to economic unions and organizations. The study proved that the approaches to the criteria of economic security, the use of standards that determine the level of implementation of economic security, indicates the lack of uniform approaches to the tools for monitoring key indicators of resilience to crises and risks of the economic sphere. The author concluded that macroeconomic indicators are considered as indicators that determine the achievement of economic security; indicators of socio-economic status, functional and sectoral level; indicators of international indices that reflect the economic activity of countries. Along with this, it is advisable to improve the methodology for monitoring the implementation of economic security on the basis of an integrated combination of a set of standards and criteria of economic orientation, which will form a system of effective response to economic risks and crises
БОДЛЕР, БЛОК И ДИСКУРС НАСИЛИЯ В ТЕОРИИ АВАНГАРДА
No full textThe paper examines the discourse of war and violence in the Modernist/avant-garde culture and politics. Special attention is paid to Charles Baudelaire’s and Alexander Blok’s protopolitical strategies. The author considers sexist, racist and classist connotations of Buadelaire’s and Blok’s works in relation to the general issues of avant-garde theory. Analyzing Blok’s critique of humanism and one of its sources – Evgeny Poletayev’s and Nikolay Punin’s tract «Against Civilization» – the author explores the protofascist connotations of the Russian Symbolism. В статье рассматриваются дискурс войны и насилия в культуре и политике модернизма/авангарда. Особое внимание уделено протополитическим стратегиям Шарля Бодлера и Александра Блока. Автор рассматривает сексистские, расистские и классовые коннотации работ Бодлера и Блока в связи с общими вопросами теории авангарда. Анализируя критику Блока гуманизма и один из ее источников – трактат Евгения Полетаева и Николая Пунина «Против цивилизации», – автор исследует протофашистские коннотации русского символизма
International Standards and Criteria for Economic Security as the Basis of Its Monitoring
No full textThe article examines the existing International standards and criteria of economic security as a basis for its monitoring. It shows that the processes of guaranteeing economic security are urgent in the modern world and include a significant number of procedures. The vast majority of national security strategies implement economic security through radical economic reforms, integration into world security systems, accession to economic unions and organizations. The study proved that the approaches to the criteria of economic security, the use of standards that determine the level of implementation of economic security, indicates the lack of uniform approaches to the tools for monitoring key indicators of resilience to crises and risks of the economic sphere. The author concluded that macroeconomic indicators are considered as indicators that determine the achievement of economic security; indicators of socio-economic status, functional and sectoral level; indicators of International indices that reflect the economic activity of countries. Along with this, it is advisable to improve the methodology for monitoring the implementation of economic security on the basis of an integrated combination of a set of standards and criteria of economic orientation, which will form a system of effective response to economic risks and crises
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