19 research outputs found
Maneuvering between two interests: Islam and Indonesia’s global identity the Joko Widodo Administration in 2014-2019
Full text linkThis article discusses how the leadership of the first era of Indonesian President Joko Widodo (2014-2019) managed Islam as one aspect of his country’s identity in the global arena. The authors argue that two things influenced the image of Indonesian Islam in the Widodo era. First is the domestic pressure to reclaim the trust of Islamic political groups. Second is a global interest to maintain the status quo as a country with moderate Islamic characteristics that is also active in pursuing world peace. To do this, the authors use a two-level game point of view that sees the constellation of domestic politics and then relates it to how theWidodo government carries out its foreign diplomatic strategy. This article finds that the Widodo administration in the first era could balance the interests of creating an image of a friendly government to Islamic groups. On the other hand, it can also fulfil its commitment to engage in diplomacy as a middle power through strategies dominated by results oriented bilateralism
Islamic Consolidation in Kazakhstan: Success Story and Challenges of the Future
Full text linkThis article attempts to explain the process of Islamic consolidation in Kazakhstan, a young Muslim-majority state in Central Asia which became independent following the demise of the Soviet Union. Unlike its turbulent regional neighbors, Kazakhstan has virtually been not troubled by the threat of extremists, making its success an interesting case to discuss. There are some aspects which this essay is going to analyze. First, using the consolidation framework, I am going to examine how the rise of Islam is facilitated after the demise of the Soviet Union. Second, I also add another element namely securitization. This paper argues that securitisation is the additional strategy which creates a stable condition of Islamic consolidation in Kazakhstan. This paper concludes with giving some reflections on the future of Islam and the political stability in Kazakhstan. </jats:p
The 11 September Attacks and the Fourth Wave 2.0 of International Terrorism
No full textThe 11 September attacks in 2001 were one of the most shocking incidents within the post-Cold War era. Moreover, its location which happened in the United States can also be translated as a symbolic warning for the liberal world order, signifying that security remains a salient topic even after the “End of History†postulated by Fukuyama. This article examines whether the 11 September attacks has changed the course of international relations. In so doing, I attempt to use “the waves of terrorism†as a framework to understand the development of different stages of terrorism. The method that I used was desk research based on sources such as official reports, previous studies on terrorism, and classic literature on international security. This article finds that the 11 September attack serves as a game-changer in international relations as it unveils the new face of the religious wave of. First, the attacks ignited a refined version of the religious wave by employing information technology, making it even more sporadic and unpredictable. Second, it reshapes international security by shifting away from the state-centric narrative, putting the terrorists as new international actors. Third, it has altered the security relations of the United States with other countries, creating new global polarisations.</jats:p
Thailand's halal gastrodiplomacy to Indonesia: A study from the glocalisation perspective
No full textThis article describes how globalisation paves a way toward Thailand's decision to develop its gastrodiplomacy strategy. In more detail, the practice that the author will examine is the practice of Thai gastrodiplomacy with Indonesia, which is directed explicitly to promoting their halal products. This research is descriptive and uses a case study approach, which may provide a deeper picture of a phenomenon in social sciences. Through the Thailand case study, we can see that so far, countries that have a comparative advantage in the culinary field can also respond to globalisation in their way. Responding to the high demand from the global trend of halal tourism, Thailand has slightly adjusted its gastrodiplomacy strategy towards the halal aspect. This also improves the image of those already popular with sex tourism. Uniquely, this halal gastrodiplomacy has also made them successful in gaining markets in other countries despite not being a Muslim-majority country. This research highlights that the practice of gastrodiplomacy can be viewed from various perspectives. One of them is the perspective of globalisation, which investigates how interactions between people can change our perception of objective and subjective needs and how linking these two needs creates new modes of activity.</jats:p
Paradiplomacy of the Global South: Surabaya’s Approach to Global Sustainability Challenges (2016-2020)
No full textThis paper examines the role of paradiplomacy in Surabaya's approach to addressing global sustainability challenges from 2016 to 2020. As a key city in Indonesia, a Global South country, Surabaya illustrates how local governments can leverage international partnerships to address pressing urban and environmental issues. The study highlights how Surabaya's strategic collaborations with cities such as Kitakyushu and Liverpool align with the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), particularly focusing on environmental sustainability and urban development. Despite facing significant socio-economic inequalities and institutional constraints due to Indonesia’s decentralisation laws, Surabaya has utilised paradiplomacy to integrate global standards into local policies effectively. The city’s partnerships have facilitated knowledge exchange and resource mobilisation, aiding in tackling issues like waste management and infrastructure development. This approach demonstrates a shift from traditional state-centric diplomacy to a more nuanced, subnational engagement that empowers cities in the Global South. Through Surabaya’s experiences, the paper provides valuable insights into how other cities with similar challenges can adopt paradiplomatic strategies to enhance their sustainability efforts and contribute to global discussions on sustainable urban development.Este artigo analisa o papel da paradiplomacia na abordagem de Surabaya para enfrentar os desafios globais de sustentabilidade entre 2016 e 2020. Como uma cidade-chave na Indonésia, um país do Sul Global, Surabaya ilustra como os governos locais podem alavancar parcerias internacionais para abordar questões urbanas e ambientais prementes. O estudo destaca a forma como as colaborações estratégicas de Surabaya com cidades como Kitakyushu e Liverpool se alinham com os Objetivos de Desenvolvimento Sustentável (ODS), centrando-se particularmente na sustentabilidade ambiental e no desenvolvimento urbano. Apesar de enfrentar desigualdades socioeconómicas significativas e restrições institucionais devido às leis de descentralização da Indonésia, Surabaya utilizou a paradiplomacia para integrar eficazmente as normas globais nas políticas locais. As parcerias estabelecidas pela cidade facilitaram a troca de conhecimentos e a mobilização de recursos, ajudando a resolver questões como a gestão de resíduos e o desenvolvimento de infraestruturas. Esta abordagem demonstra uma mudança da diplomacia tradicional centrada no Estado para um envolvimento subnacional mais matizado que dá poder às cidades do Sul Global. Através das experiências de Surabaya, o artigo fornece informações valiosas sobre como outras cidades com desafios semelhantes podem adotar estratégias paradiplomáticas para melhorar os seus esforços de sustentabilidade e contribuir para debates globais sobre o desenvolvimento urbano sustentável
Paradiplomacy as the product of state transformation in the era of globalisation: the case of Indonesia
No full textThe study of international affairs has found itself increasingly intermingled with local contexts. This condition has led us to a more decentralised approach toward international relations, where more attention is given to the role of subnational units such as city and province. Numerous studies with systemic-level analyses have been dedicated to examining globalisation as a structure and its impact on the emergence of subnational governments in foreign activities, which can also be understood as paradiplomacy. However, there has been limited state-level analysis of how paradiplomacy relates to the evolving state role in the contemporary era. This paper attempts to fill the gap by drawing the experience of Indonesia, a unitary state and an emerging democracy, in reshaping its institutional structures to pave ways for its local governments in conducting paradiplomacy. This exploratory study uses library study to primarily explore official documents on Indonesian regional autonomy, mainly related to international cooperation. This paper asserts that the rise of paradiplomacy in Indonesia is driven by the domestication of global issues, decentralisation of power, and fragmentation of the formerly powerful central agency.O estudo dos assuntos internacionais tem-se vindo a associar cada vez mais aos contextos locais. Este facto tem conduzido a uma abordagem mais descentralizada das relações internacionais, onde se tem prestado mais atenção ao papel das unidades subnacionais, como cidade e província. Inúmeros estudos com análises sistémicas têm examinado a globalização como estrutura e o seu impacto na emergência de governos subnacionais em atividades externas, o que também pode ser entendido como paradiplomacia. No entanto, a análise a nível estatal de como a paradiplomacia se relaciona com o papel do Estado em evolução na era contemporânea tem sido limitada. Este artigo tem por objetivo preencher a lacuna ao analisar a experiência da Indonésia, um estado unitário e uma democracia emergente, na reformulação das suas estruturas institucionais para abrir caminhos aos seus governos locais na condução da paradiplomacia. Este estudo exploratório recorreu aos documentos oficiais sobre a autonomia regional da Indonésia, principalmente relacionados com cooperação internacional, disponíveis em bibliotecas. Este artigo afirma que a ascensão da paradiplomacia na Indonésia é impulsionada pela estatização de questões globais, descentralização do poder e fragmentação da antiga e poderosa agência central
The Purpose of Sister City Collaboration between Malang and Fuqing, China
Full text linkThis study aims to explore the motifs behind the collaboration between Malang and Fuqing, China. Through the MRQ approach, this research analyzes how the motif of education emerges as a response to Fuqing's best practices in effective educational management. Furthermore, the study also identifies agricultural motifs driven by the significant potential of Fuqing as a soybean producer, aligning with Malang's characteristics as a tempeh producer. The results of the study indicate that the collaboration between Malang and Fuqing is driven by the real needs and potentials in both cities. This study successfully addresses research question (MRQ) number 3 regarding intercity cooperation through the lens of collaboration motifs. The implications of this research have a significant impact on strengthening the understanding of the dynamics of intercity cooperation, as well as providing a broader perspective on the importance of cross-regional collaboration in advancing local development
STRATEGI JARINGAN ADVOKASI TRANSNASIONAL GREENPEACE DALAM MENANGANI ISU EKOLOGI DI INDONESIA: STUDI KASUS RIAU TAHUN 2011-2018
Full text linkMasalah deforestasi akibat dari adanya industri pada sektor kehutanan di Indonesia telah menjadi masalah yang sangat serius. Meskipun telah ada Instruksi Presiden Nomor 10/2011 tentang Penundaan dan Penyempurnaan Tata Kelola Pemberian Izin Baru Hutan Alam Primer dan Lahan Gambut, tetapi peraturan ini tidak bisa mengurangi isu-isu ekologi di Indonesia tak terkecuali di Riau. Adanya jaringan advokasi transnasional seperti organisasi lingkungan global Greenpeace sangat penting untuk membuat isu ini menjadi isu besar dan krusial bagi negara untuk segera di tuntaskan. Oleh karena itu penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan strategi jaringan advokasi transnasional Greenpeace dalam menangani isu-isu ekologi di Indonesia pada studi kasus Riau pada tahun 2011-2018, pada masa berjalannya kebijakan moratorium hutan. Sejalan dengan tujuan tersebut, maka penelitian ini menggunakan metode deskriptif, dengan teknik analisis data kualitatif. Sementara konsep yang penulis gunakan adalah konsep transnational advocacy networks yang dikemukakan oleh Margaret E. Keck & Kathryn Sikkink. Hasil dari penelitian ini adalah Greenpeace telah melakukan empat strategi jaringan advokasi transnasional yaitu; (1) Politik Informasi dengan menyebarluaskan laporan hasil investigasi; (2) Politik Simbolik dengan melakukan aksi-aksi kreatif; (3) Politik Pengaruh dengan membujuk dan menekan aktor yang lebih kuat; (4) Politik Akuntabilitas dengan mengekspos jarak antara wacana dan praktik. Dari kasus-kasus deforestasi dan isu-isu ekologi yang ada di Riau, yang disebabkan oleh industri kelapa sawit dan pulp/HTI tersebut, serta aksi-aksi dalam politik simbolik, politik pengaruh, dan poltik akuntabilitas Greenpeace, telah menciptakan sebuah komitmen dari pemerintah dengan dikeluarkannya Inpres nomor 8 Tahun 2018 tentang moratorium izin perkebunan sawit, HTI, dan pertambangan
Festival as Cultural Diplomacy: Kurultáj and Its Implementation in Hungary
Full text linkDiplomatic endeavours encompass a range of strategies, including the organisation of cultural festivals, which serve not only as a means of engaging a broader audience but also as platforms for expressing a nation's identity. One notable example is the Kurultáj festival, which took place in Hungary under the auspices of the Magyar Turán AlapÃtvány. This festival exemplifies the practice of cultural diplomacy, attracting participation from various Central Asian nations. Through cultural diplomacy, participating countries aim to promote their respective national interests within the framework of the Kurultáj festival. This article examines the implementation of the Kurultáj festival between 2008 and 2022, focusing specifically on its association with neo-propagandist cultural diplomacy. It argues that the Kurultáj festival cannot be solely categorised as a manifestation of neo-propagandist cultural diplomacy
UPAYA DIPLOMASI BUDAYA KOREA SELATAN MELALUI KING SEJONG INSTITUTE FOUNDATION (KSIF) DI INDONESIA
Full text linkDiplomasi budaya adalah salah satu bentuk diplomasi yang dilakukan oleh individu maupun kelompok guna menciptakan citra positif negara tersebut melalui budaya. King Sejong Institute Foundation (KSIF) merupakan perpanjangan tangan dari pemerintah Korea Selatan dalam menjalankan praktik diplomasi budaya di Indonesia. Sebagai aktor yang dipercayakan oleh pemerintah Korea Selatan, maka KSIF membentuk program-program dalam penyebaran bahasa dan budaya Korea Selatan. Penelitian ini menggunakan konsep diplomasi budaya oleh Simon Mark. Metode penelitian yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah kualitatif deskriptif. Hasil dari penelitian ini yaitu KSIF sudah memberikan berbagai upaya dalam praktik diplomasi budaya Korea Selatan yaitu; (1) membuka kursus bahasa Korea; (2) menyelenggarakan Korean Culture Day; (3) menyelenggarakan Korean Movie Day dan; (4) program beasiswa dan pertukaran pelajar. Serta ditinjau melalui konsep diplomasi budaya KSIF sudah memenuhi elemen 4 elemen diplomasi budaya menurut Simon Mark yaitu; (1) aktor dan pemerintah; (2) objektivitas; (3) aktivitas dan; (4) audiensi.
