9 research outputs found
A new skin colour estimation method based on change detection and cluster analysis
No full textSkin colour is a useful and robust cue for face and hand detection and tracking and it has been widely exploited in many different applications such as human motion analysis or image and video retrieval. The presented work is a result of the joint Fraunhofer/Max-Planck research project AVATecH (Advancing Video/Audio Technology in Humanities Research), which deals with automatic annotation of large video corpora in humanities research for psycholinguistics. One of the tasks in this project is the development of a robust skin colour estimation algorithm necessary for the realization of tools for hands and head tracking. Because of the peculiarities of the large video corpora, there are no skin colour models applicable to detect the correct skin colour in each video. Therefore an algorithm was developed that estimates skin colour independently for each video and more important, it works reliably without the need of a training set. The algorithm uses both a change detection tool, to select the most suitable frames for skin colour estimation, and an iterative clustering algorithm to select the range in the YUV domain that best represents skin colour
Lossless Color Image Compression using Double Level RCT in BBWCA
No full textAbstractA new lossless image compression scheme for natural color images which is based on double level Reversible Color Transform(RCT) and Bi-level Burrows Wheeler Compression Algorithm(BBWCA) is proposed. The first level RCT from RGB to HSV provide higher reduction in number of unique hue components, thus gives higher compression in case of natural images. The first level RCT followed by the second level RCT from HSV to YUV helps to yield small number of unique Y component values. DC level shifting and twos complement operation will be applied as preprocessing steps to second level RCT. The result of double level RCT is used as the input to BBWCA, in which row-wise BWT followed by column-wise BWT is applied. The compressed image data is formed by using move-to-front(MTF), Run-length-encoding and Entropy coding. The proposed method using double level RCT with BBWCA results in high compression by taking advantage of reduction in hue components of natural images. Among the different color space compared, the proposed method achieves better compression and is well suited for small and large size natural images. Proposed method make use of a double level RCT on the existing BBWCA algorithm and resulted in improving the compression ratio by 46 percentage
Optimal Transform in Perceptually Uniform Color Space and Its Application in Image Retrieval
No full textTo find an appropriate color transform is necessary and helpful for the applications of color images to extract color features or to reduce the data redundancy. In this paper, we proposed a new scheme to find color transforms close to the optimal transform and agree with human vision system for comparison. We first apply the perceptually uniform color space transform to all the hundreds color test images to convert RGB values into uniform CIE LAB components, and then use principal component analysis (PCA) in the uniform space to find the image-dependent optimal color transforms (KLT). In our experiments, we have obtained a new color space: an approximate but fixed transform in CIE LAB space, namely LAR space, which is just the LAB rotated and has an elegant and simple form. The proposed LAR transform performs better than RGB, YCbCr, YUV, HSV and LAB in color-based image retrieval
Image recognition of products using bag of visual words and convolutional neural networks
No full textThe popularization of electronic devices like cameras and smartphones resulted in an increasing volume of images and videos available on the internet. This scenario allowed researchers to explore new search and retrieval techniques to use, not only the wide available text, but also extract information directly from images and videos. In this work three image recognition techniques have been compared, the Bag of Features or Bag of Visual Words (BOVW) using artificial descriptors, Convolutional Neural Networks (CNN) and CNN as a natural descriptor where the descriptors are obtained from a large pre-trained CNN in a different dataset. The techniques are applied in the image recognition problem using image analysis. Those techniques can be applied in products
search applications using smartphones, smart glasses, products recognition in videos and others. The BOVW technique is demonstrated using the artificial descriptors SIFT, SURF and MSER, with dense and interest points based extraction. The algorithms KMeans and unsupervised Optimum-Path Forest (OPF-U) are used for clustering and supervised Optimum-Path Forest (OPF-S) and Support Vector Machines (SVM) are used for classification. The second technique uses a convolutional neural network (CNN) with three convolutional layers. The third technique uses the Overfeat, a large pre-trained CNN in the ImageNet dataset, for extraction of a characteristic vector of the new image dataset. This characteristic vector act as a natural descriptor and is then classified using OPF-S and SVM. The accuracy, total time of processing, time for clustering (KMeans and OPF-U), time for classification (OPF-S and SVM) are evaluated in the Caltech 101 dataset and in a dataset created by the author with images of products (Recog- Prod). It is evaluated how image size, category size and overall parameters affect the accuracy of the studied techniques. The results showed that the CNN (Overfeat), pre-trained in a different large dataset, used for extraction of the natural descriptor of the new dataset and trained with SVM achieved the best accuracy with 0.855 in the Caltech 101 dataset and 0.905 in the authors dataset. The CNN created and trained entirely by the author showed the second best result with the accuracy of 0.710, using the RGB color space in the authors dataset and 0.540 using the YUV color space in the Caltech 101 dataset. Both CNN, using RGB and YUV, showed similar accuracies but the CNN using YUV images took significant less time to be trained. The BOVW technique resulted in a accuracy lower than the preview techniques in both tested datasets. In the experiments using the author s dataset with different category sizes (5, 10, 15, 36) the CNN as a natural descriptor resulted in the best accuracy among the other tested techniques. The CNN as a natural descriptor is also the most robust, since as the number of the categories is increased, and resulted in a lower accuracy decay among the others. In the experiments with a dataset with 5 categories the CNN
as natural descriptor was able to recognize all the images correctly.A popularização de equipamentos como câmeras e celulares equipados com câmeras resultou em um grande volume de informações no formato de imagens e vídeos disponibilizadas na internet. O crescimento no volume de informação digital disponível nestes formatos demanda a criação de novas soluções de buscas baseadas não apenas em texto, mas capazes de extraírem informações relevantes diretamente desses formatos de mídia. Neste trabalho são comparadas as técnicas de reconhecimento utilizando palavras visuais por meio de descritores artificiais Bag of Visual Words ou Bag of Features (BOVW), reconhecimento utilizando redes neurais convolucionais (CNN) e reconhecimento usando descritores naturais obtidos através de uma rede neural convolucional previamente treinada em uma base distinta. As técnicas são aplicadas no problema de reconhecimento de produtos a partir da análise de imagens. Tais técnicas podem ser aplicadas em uma ampla gama de sistemas como reconhecimento de produtos utilizando dispositivos móveis, obtenção de informações de produtos visualizados utilizando um óculos de realidade aumentada, reconhecimento de produtos em vídeos, entre outros. A técnica BOVW é demonstrada com base nos descritores artificiais SIFT, SURF e MSER com extração de características densa e por meio de pontos de interesse. São estudados os algoritmos KMeans e Floresta de Caminhos Ótimos não Supervisionada (OPFU) na etapa de agrupamento e Máquinas de Vetor de Suporte (SVM) e Floresta de Caminhos Ótimos Supervisionada (OPF-S) na etapa de classificação. A segunda técnica utiliza uma rede neural convolucional (CNN) de três camadas. Na terceira técnica é utilizada uma CNN, previamente treinada na base de imagens ImageNet, de cinco camadas convolucionais. A CNN previamente treinada é utilizada para a extração de um vetor de características do novo conjunto de imagens a ser analisado. Este vetor atua como um descritor natural e é classificado utilizando SVM e OPF-S. São avaliadas a acurácia, tempo de processamento total, tempo de processamento para agrupamento (KMeans e OPF-U), tempo de processamento para classificação das técnicas nas bases de imagens Caltech 101 e em uma base de imagens de produtos criada pelo autor (RecogProd). São avaliados ainda como o tamanho da imagens, quantidade de categorias e escolha dos parâmetros influenciam na acurácia do resultado. Os resultados mostram que a utilização de uma CNN (Overfeat), previamente treinada em uma grande base de imagens, como um descritor natural para extração de um vetor de características e treinamento de um classificador SVM, apresentou a melhor acurácia com 0,855 na base Caltech101 e 0,905 na base criada, RecogProd, em uma escala de 0 a 1. A CNN criada e treinada pelo autor apresentou o segundo melhor resultado com 0,710 utilizando o espaço de cores RGB na RecogProd e 0,540 utilizando o espaço de cores YUV na base Caltech101. A CNN treinada com imagens utilizando os espaço de cores RGB e YUV apresentaram acurácias muito próximas em ambas as bases de treinamento porém, o treinamento utilizando YUV foi muito mais rápido. A técnica BOVW apresentou uma acurácia inferior à CNN como descritor natural e a CNN em ambas as bases testadas. Nos experimentos, com diversos tamanhos de categorias (5, 10, 15 e 36) da RecogProd, a CNN como descritor natural apresentou novamente a melhor acurácia. Os resultados mostram ainda que, conforme o número de categorias é aumentado, a CNN como descritor natural apresentou uma queda menor na acurácia em relação às demais técnicas avaliadas. Foi observado ainda que em uma base com 5 categorias a CNN como descritor natural alcançou a acurácia de 1,0, sendo capaz de classificar todos os exemplos corretamente.Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superio
Explicit constructions of triple systems for Ramsey-Turán problems
No full textWe explicitly construct four infinite families of irreducible triple systems with Ramsey-Turán density less than the Turán density. Two of our families generalize isolated examples of Sidorenko [14], and the first author and Rödl [12]. Our constructions also yield two infinite families of irreducible triple systems whose Ramsey-Turán densities are exactly determined. For an r-graph F, the Turán number ex(n, F) is the maximum number of edges in an n vertex exists, but r-graph containing no copy of F. It is well known that π(F) = limn→ ∞ ex(n, F) / � n r these numbers are very hard to determine when r ≥ 3. For example, until very recently [10] no nontrivial infinite family {Fi} of triple systems has been constructed for which π(Fi) is known (by “nontrivial ” we mean that for every Fi, there are no two vertices x, y of Fi for which (1) no edge contains both x and y, and (2) xuv is an edge iff yuv is an edge). Two examples that are known, and used in this note, are π(F5) = 2/9, and π(F (3, 2)) = 4/9, where F5 = {123, 124, 345} an
Yun, Gi-Hyun
No full text학위논문(석사)--아주대학교 일반대학원 :전자공학과,2008. 8영상 이미지를 이용한 대부분의 광고 매체가 실시간 데이터 전송을 통한 이미지의 전달 및 멀티기능을 내포하면서 TV기능을 내장한 솔루션이 요구된다.
따라서 본 논문에서는 네트워크를 통한 영상의 전송 및 다양한 형태의 이미지 및 파일들을 전송하고 이미지의 다양한 포맷에 따른 구현과정 및 저전력의 효율적인 시스템을 기반으로 하는 디지털 정보 표시장치(DID) 솔루션의 설계 기법 즉, 인터럽트 서비스 루틴을 기반으로 각종 인터페이스를 인식하고 영상 데이터를 받아서 mpeg4 모듈에서 영상과 오디오에 대한 스트림을 받아서 비디오 스트림을 만들어 디스플레이 장치에 두 개의 메모리 채널을 만들어 영상의 확대 및 축소등의 다양한 기능을 논하였다.
본 논문에서는 이더넷을 이용한 솔루션은 스케일러 보드의 외장형 타입으로서 기존 멀티미디어의 다양한 기능을 내포하면서도 미들웨어기반의 이더넷을 통한 실시간 데이터 전송이 가능하고, 외장형으로 붙여지는 스케일러의 성능에 따라 다양한 포맷의 영상 데이터를 표시하므로 해상도에 따른 제약 없이 영상 및 다양한 매개체의 이미지 및 파일들을 처리할 수 있다.
이러한 시스템을 통하여 사용자에게 다양하고도 실시간적인 멀티미디어 기능을 제공하여 변화하는 사용자의 다양한 욕구를 만족시키고자 고해상도의 화질을 기본으로 하는 멀티미디어 기능을 구현하여, 기존 시스템과는 화질면에서 320*240에서 720*480의 동영상을 재생하고 디스플레이 장치의 해상도에 제약없이 화면 가득 영상을 재생하는 등 기능면에서 차별화를 추구하였다.＜제목차례＞ = Ⅰ
＜그림차례＞ = Ⅲ
＜표차례＞ = Ⅴ
제1장 서론 = 1
제2장 디지털 정보 표시장치(DID)솔루션 = 4
제1절 전자앨범 시스템 기술적 구성 이론 = 4
제2절 OS기반의 시스템 구성 이론 = 6
제3장 디지털 정보 표시장치 설계 = 7
제1절 접속 장치 설계 = 7
제2절 정지 영상 모듈 설계 = 13
제3절 동영상 모듈 설계 = 18
제4절 미들웨어 설계 = 20
제4장 어플리케이션 구현 = 25
제1절 프리 뷰어 모드 및 스냅샷 모드 = 26
제2절 비디오 처리 모드 = 32
제3절 미디어 재생 모드 = 36
제5장 측정 실험 = 38
제1절 이미지 디스플레이 모듈 = 38
제2절 디스플레이 윈도우 규정 및 적용 = 41
제6장 결론 = 45
제7장 참고문헌 = 48
제8장 ABSTRACT = 50MasterIn this dissertation, the author improves the problems of existing Digital Information Display(DID) solution and Real-Time Embedded system executes via FTP Protocol within TCP/IP and implementes a low-cost embedded system.
Existing Digital Information Display(DID) solution has trouble problems with low-quality image, low-speed system, no-real-time system. To settle these problems, the author decides to use Middleware(TCP/IP) soulutions within MP522 chip.
The MP522 Chip is a highly integrated and flexible multimedia processor targeting low power multimedia applications. It is designed to provide high-quality digital still image capture, video recorder, media player and graphic display control. so It incorporates a 32-bit RISC main processor, a high-quality image signal processing engine, MPEG-4/H.263 video codec, LCD/LCM display controller with graphic overlay functions, AMR/MP3/AAC and WAV/MIDI audio codec, SD/MMC/MS memory card, and USB 2.0 High-speed device controllers. and It is applied TCP/IP Mode with Ethernet. Ethernet can implement real-time embedded system and varaible contents be easily upgraded.
The Sensor Interface Unit(SIU) supports imager resolutions up to 5M-pixels, with horizontal dimension up to 2560 pixels. and It supports CCD and CMOS sensors Up to 10-bit resolution for Bayer RGB or 4:2:2 YCbCr/YUV. CCIR601 input.
The Image Processing Unit(IPU) is dynamic dead pixel correction. it is implemented with software application. it supports Configurable image sharpening and filtering processing for special effect. The special effect is required new technique with customer's requires. It includes Image's Rotate, Image's Flip function. The Image Processing Unit(IPU) needs to control Image's processing and display states. and It needs to display several moving picture's format.
The Image Display Unit(IDU) supports variety of LCD/LCM interfaces, including 18-bit parallel and 8-bit serial digital RGB, i80 or m68 MPU, and CCIR-656/CCIR-601/CCIR-709 interface. It needs to control Programmable color space conversion and Graphic overlay with alpha blending, background color & transparent color key. The Graphic overlay is required to implement the special effect within Image and moving picture. It applies the special function such as to support color dithering with 4x4 window size and to control RGB video interface with programmable video timing.
The MPEG4 Codec(MP4) supports H.263 and MPEG-4 Simple Profile up to Level 5. It applies Proprietary motion estimation algorithm in +31/-32 half-pixel resolution. It is composed Full hardware design, which consumes almost no CPU power during encoding/decoding. but The diverse Image's format and the diverse moving picture's format is implemented software application with MPEG4 Codec(MP4).
In this dissertation, the author wants to tell that all implement's states and software appliction is scrutinized by author and the Digital Information Display(DID) solution is implemented directly by author with efforts and times. and The author think and believe that the Digital Information Display(DID) solution developes very fastly
From temple to house-church in Luke-Acts: a Lukan challenge to Korean Christianity
No full textThis dissertation examines the portrayals of the Temple, synagogue, and
house-churches in Luke-Acts to pose a Lukan challenge to the Korean church by using
a model of architectural space which is derived from social-scientific ideas originating
in anthropology, sociology and social psychology. The dissertation proposes the
relevance of the Lukan house-church to the Korean church today so as to transform
the latter's character in its architecture and use of space into the inclusive and
missionary one which is featured in Luke-Acts. The argument of the dissertation
begins with an exploration and defence of social-scientific method (Chapter 1).
Chapter 2 begins with a history and analysis of Korean Christianity which raises
problem surrounding its use of architectural space, before setting out a socialscientific
model of architectural space, which is then applied to contemporary Korean
church architecture. Challenging current understandings of a positive Lukan attitude
toward the Temple, this study proposes in Chapter 3 that Luke had a negative
understanding of the Temple in that it was an oppressive institution characterised by
segmented spaces which divided the people of God and thus showed its illegitimacy in
relation to the saving plan of God in Jesus. The dissertation next proposes in Chapter
4 that first-century synagogues were subsidiary Temple spaces which were extended
to most parts of Mediterranean world from the central sanctuary in Jerusalem, and that
Luke portrays the synagogues as similar to the Temple. Contrary to the Temple and
synagogue, the house in Luke-Acts expresses the inclusive salvation of the gospel
which incorporates a variety of people regardless of social status, gender, age and
ethnic origin (Chapter 5). In this interpretation, the house-church is represented as an
inclusive space accessible without institutional constraints. In the Gospel, it serves to
express the Kingdom of God into which sinners are invited to enter through meals and
to be incorporated into a fictive-kinship group created by Jesus. In Acts, the house is
not only a locus of Christian meetings in which the social relationships, characteristic
of family, are practised to enhance and legitimise the social identity of Jesus'
followers, but also the modus operandi of Christian mission through which the Christ-movement
spreads throughout the Mediterranean world. This study concludes with an
Epilogue containing brief suggestions for changes in Korean church architecture and
use of space based on these Lukan insights, which have the potential radically to
transform Korean Protestant Christianity
6
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STUB AND THE DIAMOND LOCKET
tlllMUMMMIMMIHf ftAAA»*^». mmmmmm a. t, ■■■■■■*■ rn'mO-m
m
>OW, you'll notls," said Htub,
**dat feller* In books au' sto*
* rles aliens has er vbanst ter do
M'uijii'Fi grout, dut mnki-K 'Otn great, un*
git** der names-In tier pofpent. nm (io
wp pit ilat (-linusi?. Nutmi yer Mfi-."
Ktuti sliced m *>plluK-r ut wood uIT tlie
•odge of the empty crate Im wns sitting
uu. nnd !.(■;;,mi to whittle it with a very
rust•■ knife. Thi* boys wore sitting iu
the alley, walling for their "entry.**
Tho day was hot anil uilfllitg, then* was
no air tttlrriUK, nud "(Ut gang." were
fevllng very Urn!. 1'niK-rs did not sell
f-i-i mi hot days nor Mtonny daya. nud
lt whs bard work lo iiiro enough even
tu afford tin- extra "wutiy fur n swim lu
tht* (tinny bathhouse iluwn ut-nr i )<■■ roll*
Id-- mill
"It taaktw yer nick try In* tor net on
<1 ■-•- wjltJirc nu* Ih- lioui'Kt, sonK'tliiie-s,"
sahl Jimmy Ilohhs. wljittij; his dirty
face with tt still dirtier aud very ragg-eil
shirt sleeve.
Stub picked up hln knife ngnln anil
ivi nl Imi-k to 111** whittling, wltlt-o'Sober ran'. The woritl seemed all wrung.
Mtmchow. tnhi-r I...3S hint *-©Qd clot he*
■ iiini good homes ami pleuty to cat and
long vacations at hikes ami in thc
mouutalmt lu the summer. lit- had
never had good-i-hnbes In hi* life. He
never reim-ml-ei-cil htrvlng all In; want;
ed to cut except nt tho Christmas uud
Thanksgiving "fi-cds" given to thc
newsboy* yearly. All lie knevt of thc
lakes was what In- could see from thc
crowded dock)*, and he knew nothing of
the mouutalmt except from picture paper*. It did not m-'-iii right.
Yet he hnd always tried Jo "keep
square." He wotdd not pick pocket*.
He hnd a Tory dim aod hazy recoUec-
Hon of a sweet mother-face that he
hogged close, to his heart under Uio
"WBO titiOUT TOU VT1IA.T WAI MsCTIXO
—!—squabs- f*»
raffed little shirt, and somehow that
mother face seemed to come to blm
more clearly wben anything tempted
blm that was not Jmit "square.**
"Egtiyf* yelled Jimmy suddeuly.
And Stub started up with thc rest of
tbe hoys as tbe gong sounded dowu the
alley. Tne next moment be was In
line, struggling aud yelling wlib tbc
rest, wlille the men shoved bundles of
papers out to them and tbey paid for
their little bran* ebecks at the window.
Tiien be was on tbe street wltb the
cry tbat the men bnd glvuu out: "Entry J All about de big railway ax'dent.
Extryr*
Along tbe running hoard of an dec-
trie ear he darted lo the smokers' teats.
They were always tbe most hopeful.
An elderly gentleman boarded tbe ear
at the same time aud inoiloued smb.
He stood un the running buurd us Stub
- gnre him the paper and took tbe eoln.
Tben tbe boy dropped to the ground.
MH M&mtai&lM a!!«a j-i sfe
feet—something bright nnil glittering.
Stub stooped nud picked lt up, aud It
-ir-jveii to be a plnln gold locket, with
one spot of vivid light in tbe center.
And Stub gasped as ho realized Hint
he held In bis baud wbat wus, to him,.
a small fortune. For the spot of vivid,
dazzling llgl\ wns a diamond of eon*
sidernble size.
Stub, tlgbily grasping bis vnltinblc
find lu bis band, darted through the
throng of wngou* and s-aniages to the
aldewnlk. There be stood sttiring after
the ear. "It was der ul' geuts," bo
muttered to himself. **l seen ir swing
from der ehaln uv bis ticker. It uius*
uv caught In der sent ns he got lu der
car. ,nr nn' in- looks a rich un. lie
kin buy anodder—lots more. An*—an*
—me—I ala't bail a square meal dls
summer."
The papers were-under his-arm-.-forgotten. The locket was clenched lu his
fist. And dowu the crowded street be
could see tbe car that bore the elderly
gentleman, slowly making Its wny. He
watched It dully. Tben lie muttered to
i-.in-.seir again,
"It—It goes round der loop. It-goes
round derToop.**
Far dowu tbe street be saw It at Inst
torn a corner and disappear. Then be
turned and looked np the street at Ids
left.' In a few minutes tbe car would
pass that corner a block above.
•He kin—tray more—" he muttered
tbe words again, still watchiug that
corner. -Then suddenly the crowded
street blurred for a moment and be
saw tbat sweet tuotber-tace tbat aome-
rlines seemed so dim when be tried
hardest to Fcmeniber It It waa so clear
now--to clear! ,
Stab swallowed a lamp In bis tbroat,
tben with one spring be cleared tbe
gutter, dodged an express Tan. bumped
agalaat a stately policeman, swung
around a clanging automobile and toot
ed It as fast as be could up thu crowded sidewalk. In and out tbe crowd
of business luen and shopping women
be dat-ted lllte an eel. then swung to
tlie curb ns be Seared the corner. Beyond blm wns tbe ear. already crossing tbe street. Setting bis teeth. Stub
ngnln cleared the gutter witb n Iwund
nnd ttew up the track.
The motor uud trailer were bounding ahead, but au Italian, with bis fruit
curt got lit the way. It was a moment's
pause, and Stub did bis best. Punting
uud gasping, lie ranched the trailer,
eaugbt tht- rail aud sprang to the
step. TlH-t be saw tbe elderly gentleman,'quietly reading tbo paper Stub
bud stiltl hliii.-
Siopplug nl Ids elbow. Stub melted
out tl grimy little list between the gold
trye glasses nud thc pniwr, nud opened
bis lingers.'
"I'lease, sir. yer dro|>ped It. An*—
nn' I Jest ketcbed der cnr."
Tbe elderly gentleman stared nt tbc
11 - ■ -k - ■ 1, 1 > .*■ k 1 ■«■ 1 i t up f rom -t In* gr I my
baud, and then Stub qnielly drop|»cd
to tbe ground as tbe conductor pushed
libit to oue side. Makiug bis way to
the sidewalk. Htub<*tood still for a moment.
"1 dldu't git even er dime," he sajd,
hlnukly, to u wooden Indian tbat stood
lu front of n clgor store. "Not even
er dime.**
He (drifted his papers to the other
arm. pushed bis rugged cap back from
his wet forebend, wiped bis faco ou bis
arm, tbeu opened uu mouth.
"Kxtry! All 'bout der big rail—m
A hand canio down on Stub's shoulder, and be looked up straight Into tbe
gold-rlmmed glnsses of tbe elderly gentleman.
"I want to talk to you a minute,
yOtuig man," said Stub's customer. "I
supjiose you cat Ice crenm aud—sucb
things? Come In here. It Is rather
noisy ou tbc sldewnlk for conversation.'*
A little frightened and a Uttle delighted. Stub walked along toward a
confectioner's near hy. tbe firm band
still on his shoulder. Soon ho was
sitting at u small round table witb a
big glass of Ice cream soda Id front of
htm.
Stub set- to wltb a will, nnd the
twinkling eyes of the old gentleman
studied hts face sharply through the
gobl-riiumed glasses till the cream had
dlsnppcarcd.
"And now," be said quietly,* "tell me
all about finding that locket."
And Stub told blm. Tbc old gentle-
iiiiiii listened nttentively,
"Why dldu't you- keep tbe loekctr*
he asked.
"Why—It-It wouldn't ha" been actln*
square," stammered Stub. ■
"Oh! And wbo taught you wbat
was "acting square?' " queried the old
gentleman.
"Me mudder," replied Stub, lu a low
voice. '"
"Ami where does she lire?"
"She—slie*s dead," sold Stub.
" "Ah! And what Is your name?"
asked tbe old gcutlemau.
"Stub—er-~l mean, mc right name Is
Dlshro-Stnnlcy 1'Isbro," said Stub,
venching down for his ragged little
cap. Uut when he sat up ngaln the cap
ilrupperi from his lingers. He looked
at tbe old gentleman—who bad gms|H*d
|he edge_of tlmjabk*„wlib hgtli bauds
and "was staring nt blm—with fcrror.
Fur the old gentleman's face wns white
aud hts in ■■nth wns working strangely.
The next moment he bnd taken the
locket from bis |HK-1:et nud bad opened
It wltb shnklug ll£gers4nnd thrust It
across tlie table*toward Stob.
Aud Stub?~Slub looked down with
oudurlug eyes nud saw. framed lu tho
delicate gold, tbe fair, sweet motber-
r-'i-s-* tlmt be had cherished so loug In
Iris Itoy memory. And on the other
side of the table the old gentleman was
sitting with his bend Lowed Iu his
bauds. Aud Stub, awed and still,
knew Unit he was crying.
Ami afterward Stub learned nil nliont
It—bow the old gentleman's daughter
iintl married ngnln*-t his wishes and lie
bad disowned ber. And then Stub told
bis ji:i.-i --of Iris father's death, nud hia
youug mother's struggle Svith poverty
till site followed her husband to tbe
slindow laud. And of her teachings
tu "net square," tluit he could uut forget, even though he went-hungry.
And two weeks after Stub was living
In a snug cottage ou the lnke shore.
fur from tbe city heat nud uolse. Aud
there were bathing nud liouilug and
games In tbe sand, aud ihree square
meals a day, with lunches between,
and a donkey and cart, nil his own.
and a nappy old gentleman whom he
called affectionately "gran'dad." And
last, bnt not least, there was a houseful %S w-U-y ujiiI delighted guests, who
once bad been kuown In newspaper alley as "der gang."—Chicago Itecord-
Berald. r—
PEHN'S PRETTY MASCOT
AN EXPERT ON ROWING.
For three years Mfts <3e0rd& Layton
has* been tbe mascot of the crews tbat
t-eim sent to Tottghkeepsle to contest
for. aquatic supremacy. She Is tho
daughter of Mr. and Mrs. Charles H.
Layton, of New York, and Is probably
the in--*!, informed young woman In the
country ou the subject of intercollegiate rowing. From the time the crews
take up i-ii-u'ti-r-*- uutll the Una! race
Miss j.Tiyi.ui Is ns-ririuous In her devotion to (he Ited and Hlue oarsmen. She
leads ihe rooting while thc races are
on. nnd never rails to lie on band to
greet the crews as they come from thc
wuter, either to rejoice with them over
victory or console tbem for defeat.
IS HER OWN JOKE-MAKER-
'Irish' Little Actress Is Kqaal to tbs
Hmteraancp.
A bright little actress recently In Detroit was nsked how she got the Jokes
that she nnd her husband use to brighten their team work, for It was noted
tbat they were always Invariably crisp
and fresh Instead of thc rehash so often
visited upon the public, says tho Detroit
Free Press.
"Don't say anything about It," and
•ho positively blushed, "but here's
where they come from. 1 nevec knew
that I had nny talent In that direction,
and none of my friends suspected It.
Tom and I were bad actors when we
started out together, -Very had. Our
Jokes had gone through tbe almanacs
anl we knew what ll was to do our
turn before an audience that never
'grinned' nnd sometimes expressed its
finding with a hiss or worse. '
"We bad a week ln Cleveland that
made us very melancholy and then we
opened In 1'ltisburg, We were so desperate that we Ignored our lines occasionally aud when nothing seemed to
be doing so far as our tickling our audl-
cuees was concerned, Tom nsked me
what we wero going to have for breakfast next morning.
'"Eggs."! retorted.
" 'What!' he shouted, 'eggs nt 30 Cents
a dozen?' '
"There's where I first tried to be
funny on ihy own responsibility. It
was a poor little Joke, but It was n beginning, 'Why, (11 Cleveland Saturday*
night.' I laughed, 'they,let you hnve two
or tbree doxen eggs for nothing. Pittsburg ought to do ns well.*
"Tom roared, Ihe nudlencc warmed
to it little snleker, and then n big river
mau in the gnllery who had not quite
cnught on, roared: 'Aud you kin bet
she will do as well.*
"That brought tbem and that was
what I bad been needing nil the time. I
cut loose from my lines entirely. Eren
Tom got cute, for him,' and ever slnbo
that I've been onr Joke maker. Sometimes they are studied and sometimes
they nre Impromptu, but We've been
prosperous nnd happy ever since the
had egg break." /
PERFUMED CIGARS.
Tht- Oaes Oesiseal Hosmrssi Oaaa
OltHd «• a Ps-lena.
Oue of the stories told by old employees In tbe treasury department at
Washington is of tbe time when Uen-
eral Itosecrans wns register. The general never smoked and knew nothing
about cigars. He determined, however,
to have n box of good cigars bandy for
the lieiicOt of friends who might drop
Into the register's office. The general
aceonllngly purchased a box of expensive cigars, put them In n drawer and
forgot nit about them for some time.
Then, one,day, when n friend was calling, the general mncmbcrcd tbe cigars
and brought tbem out.
"1 know nothing about elgnrs." said
Itosecrans^ "but I nm tcM that these
sre very Hue."
His friend lighted a cigar, aud a look
of imlu nud horror Instantly overspread
his fuei'. He tried to OOUCQQl his feeling-, nud puffed manfully ul the elgur
for several second**. Tbeu Itosecrans.
noticing that he wn* growing (talc, asked what WB8 the trouble.
"ticucral." snld the visitor. "I dou't
want to lie ungrateful, but I'm afraid
It's this rigor,"
"Impossible'" exclaimed Itusecrutis.
•r.Why. wbeaXJJougbt tbeui I wastoUI
that they were the llnest cigars on the
market."
"Well, general, yon were deceived.
Tin- cigar tastes nnd smells exactly us
If It wei-e made of camphor."
"''.nuplior*" stammered Hosecmns.
looking elinpfnllen. ^"Wl:y. I never
thought, but perhaps camphor does injure a elgnr." Ami. reaching Into the
drawer, he brought lo view several garments tilled wltb enmphor halls. "Ho
you suppose that can be thc trouble)"
he luqulred.
SOME WISE DON'TS.
Don't confound hauteur with dignity
or n-piw wltb stupidity.
Don't "howl." "roar" or "explode.",
To hi ugh henrtlly Is better.
Don't l-osc. Affectation Is a bar to
respect, let alone confidence.
lk>n*t groan over the wickedness of
the world, but mend your own.
Don't boast. The Illiterate nnd the
self conscious are thus marie manifest.
Don't use superlative*. Few things
require them, and they weaken description.
Don't preach unless you have practiced. Deeds ore tremendously convincing.
Don't think a foreigner can j-ompre-
hend you any better If you shout into
his ear. \
Don't forget that politeness "'Is the
foster sister of diplomacy ond an essential tact.
Don't appraise n book at another's
valuation. Critics nre not censors absolute.—St. Louis I-ost-Dlsimtch.
Otr.FfN VICTOHIA'M UA1H.
Its i'1-ofui.u.p, «t itrr Afcr, *-„,i Always
II-tm H W.11 li*rl-.
Over I* years old, (jur-cn Vktorls -rat
Itad luxuriant hair, which bad for years
been a tub,--, eh The court physician, following Prof. 0ritil*i discovery, treated her
Msjesty's scalp witb a germ destroying
picpwstion, "hi. h he always kepi i*ecr*l.
It is now known, however, that the remedy tor dandruff) the aatm ilstttwlna aii*
ment, Is embodied in Nvwhra's Hcrj-icfrie,
tbc only hair |>re|aruiion on ihe iittirkct
thai dues destroy the dandruff --nn.
Without dandruff, hair will gTOW prof■) tseW,
and hillhig hair w|U tic ftopiH-ri. - pi--*.roy
the cause, you remove the <■ !iV,-i. '
..'in.,'' >.•..---1 **.::.- rills -.-arc .*.<■. :. . 1
sclics, i-i.nnij.Mi1i.il, l.llinunii--" snd dyspepsia.
Tbey also parity the btiKMl. tola In Its slid -Mc
bulVO l.v -'! i"riii■-1-1*.
YUV KMOW WHAT TUO AhS. TAKIStQ
Whoa jou tsJcs Oroee's •ruleless Chill Tonic
bccsiuu tbo formaU Is plainly p-lnn-d ouoTsr*r
baiU* shown**- thst It ts simp.)* Iron »r4 Qoi.
s to0 In a uswl-M tana. Ha i:utr. 1.0 V - j. Xc.
I .nm sure 1'hm's Cure for Cunsnmtitloa.
saved my Uf* UifM.ytars ago,—mrk Taos.
Hossi>», ilaplo Street, Norwich, K. V,,
Feb. IT. 1W.
\ Itnllriiji-* Mnii'ii *'tf>r* .
"One of the worst starts I ever had."
safit an engineer'the other day, "was
due to n large. i:*-y pig thai had got
on my mind. Nothing will slide u train
I more easily andjlestruetlvely from thi-
j nill-< 1h.1i' live pork. This particular
] s-H-elu-en bad a tuiblt of tmrruwlng
: alongside tbe track, nnd It was n fair
' pre-iuinptlon Hint sooi-cr or Inter ho
I would th». something to iuten'st him
1 between tlie rails aud *Kiineliody would
; go down the hank.
I "1 was coming down u hllf one day
I nt high -qtccri und cniulug my iipclt for
n comforting sight Of piggy In his accustomed plan* when, at; I iNipped
around the curve, a bright red ling r.a-
snnltcri my nnxiuns gnxe. The connection iK'tween that ting and the pig waa
only a bit of mental nlKTratioti on my
part."but It wns very vivid. I shut off
nud grabbed the whistle cord, but before- 1 could eveu screech for brakes I
saw tbat tbe (Ing was only a red flannel shirt which the good woman- of the
Bhanty to which thc pig belonged had
hung on an Improvised clothesline between the telegraph poles.
"That may not sound like much of a
scare, hut It represents n type that
turns tbc railroad mnn's hair to a delicate ash color."
M-sklsiC ll Clear.
The London Si>ectntor tells a fti;my
story of a definition given by a well
known public sjieaker In au nudress to
child rem
"Now, children,*' he said, "l propose
to give yon fin the present occasion ou
epitome of the life of St..l-auL Perhaps some of yon are too young to understand what flic word 'epitome'
means. 'Kpltomc* children, la Iu Its
Blgulflcntlon synonymous with syuo|>-
sls."
Ilnvlug made this sinlplo nnd clear
explanation to the children, thc speaker went on with hts sjory.
Artltelal flto-s*.
■Quarrymen and stone dressers will
probably be gradually crowded out of
tbelr'occupation by the nse of artificial
stone. In the manufacture of this stone
the sand Is heated nnd tbc cement add*
ed to the amount of 12 per-ceat of tbe
mixture. Tbe steel molds are filled
with tbe dry material and moved Into
an Immense cylinder, which Is closed
and 1 Kilted. Ilolllng water Is then
tnmed In under pressure sufficient to
force It all through the sand In the
molds. The cement slacks, but the
steel molds do not penult any expansion lo occur, and tbe stone is fo"mied
nnd dried under nn Immense pressure.
Tho result Is n vcry.hnrd stone, which
can be supplied in shapes desired and
much cheaper than the natural stone.
The IllDttii-i(-('ii Nutation.
"And If nn Irresistible force mods
an immovable body?" suggested bis
friend. *
"Tbe situation. Indeed, would be critical." admitted thc eminent diplomat;
''hut, with mutunl restrain*, nud reasonable concessions. I see uo reason jo
despair of an amicable settlement."—
Puck. ___^__
Vftss-iasfc.
"80 yon proposed to Miss Chillers?*
"Yes," answered Willie Washington.
"Vou must have known she wonld
reject you," *
"Of coarse. But It Is nu old saying
that women enn't keep n secret, nnd 1
I was afraid she wonld get to comparing
notes. I had proposed to nil tlie other
girls, and I didn't want her to feel
slighted.**—Washington Star.
The only two great'Eoropean capitals.
that never have been occupied by a
foreign foe are London and St. Pctent-
*wrc,
The (.1 n> of a Ratios*.
The life of a sailor la becoming every
year safer wltb the Improvements In
the -construction of Teasels. Twelve
years ago one sailor In every 100 that
went to sea, tost bla life; now om in.
SSO'Ukst
The First American Ilnel.
Ill the yi'ur 1(130 occurred the tlrst
duel known to have tnken place on
Auiericau soIL Tbe principals. Kdw.-inl
Doty and Edward I-elster, were aer-1
vniitH of n Mr. Hopkins, one of the New
Knglnnd colottlsta. Thc men hnd nn:ir-,
rcteri over some trifling matter and resorted to the Held for Its settlement.!
The nffulr wns stopped' by the author!- j
ties, hut hot before one had been j
wounded In ibe thigh and the other In'.
tbe hand. There was no law covering >
such inntters, bnt the Governor of the
province decided that thc men should 1
be puul*bcd ni-vert hiess. At his orders
they were sent to bsve their heads and
feet tied together, and lie In tlmt condition twenty-four .hours, without food or
drink. They suffered so much, bow-
ever, that tbey were released at tbo end
of an nonr.—Pittsburg Dispatch. !
Mercury
AMD
Potash
Tbo Gmlf fiu-saas.
Recent investigation* have shown
that tbo principal source of the Gulf
Stream la not the Florida channel but
tbo region between and beside the Islands of thc West Indies. At Blnloul
tbe volume of this warm water Is 66
times as great as tbo combined TOtumo
of aU the rivers In tbo world at tbelr
mouths. m
rrooably every child cherishes it
against bis parents that tbey ones
gave him a calf, and kept tlie money
when they sold It.
verybody
1 that Mer-
c-jry is O d.-nger-
OtU medicine _
even When edminUteml In very small doses, and
few constitutions can stand itfor nny length of time.
Potash produces inflammation of the stomach
and bowels, and a dangerous form of dyspepsia and
often chronic tlinrrlicci follow its use.
Now, the doctors will tell you If you have .— ,.
Contagions Blood Toison you must take these minerals for two years or longer;
first, a course of Mercury, and when your teeth get so sensitive and sore tbat yon
cant eat. and the gums have a spongy,' unnatunil appearance, yoa are told to stop
anda change to Potash is made. When the stomach rebels you ore put on Jlcrcury
again, and so on arf itifinitunt, or until the system becomes so thoroughly saturated
with these poisonous drugs that tho most dtsgusting sores b-mk out on thc body,
the bones become diseased, and the muscles and joints are racked with the toast
torturing ruins. M<**rcury and Pohuh drive the eruptions and blotches from the
skin, bu( tlie vims remains in the blood nod the reappearance of the old s>-m**tOins
and the occasional sore mouth show that the poison is still active, and you can
never hope to completely eradicate it by this method of treatment
S. a a 5s the onre
antidote for this destructive virus, and on
infallible mnedy for
tbis peculiar poison. It
destaiTsand eradicates
every particle of tbe
poison, andntok-es the
blood as healthy and
pm-e as before the dis-
8, Mfc <s the only purely xegetable blood pnrifierhr-own.and weofitr ji.ooo
for proof that it contains any mineral ingredient whatever. Tbe general, health
improves as the Specific purges the system of ampuritics, and aa new, rich blood
begins to flow ia th«.vems the unsightly sores and other evidences of blood poistsm
disappear; strength nrturns and yon are forever rid of tbla V-athtrmio disease.
Our Home Treatment Book on Contagious Blood Poi*- n tells you all about th*
symptoms, different stages, ate., of this disease. We will snail you a copy free.
If you need advi(*por special directions, write onr physicisaa; it will cost yo»'
, -~r^ THEtwifTmSm&g,ATuum-wrt.
When X *wa* about twaatr-oa* year* o
