2,292 research outputs found
Heuristic Schelling: economy of organized crime
No full textThis article proposes a reading of the armed conflict from an evolutionary design that takes into account the concept of private protection agencies in the works of Schelling. Their aim is to assess the dynamics of conflict and changes from its author's scientific output. A context of conflicts that includes new expressions of violence and the relative failure of the paramilitary reintegration involves using new analytical models (argumentation, game theory and inconsistent information). The recent evolution of emerging gangs and their expansion into areas that were paramilitary camps requires monitoring not only of the government and the authorities, but those investigating the conflict in the present tense. The author provides heuristic research support from Schelling’s theory of strategy, recent contributions to the relationship between organized crime and drug cartels.Colombia, Government, Civil War, Latin America, Security, Protection Agencies.
The logic of the violence in the civil war: the armed conflict in Colombia
No full textThis paper proposes a reading of the armed conflict from an evolutionary design that takes into account the Logic of Violence in the Civil War. Their aim is to assess the dynamics of conflict and changes from its author's scientific output. A context of conflicts that includes new expressions of violence and the relative failure of the paramilitary reintegration involves using new analytical models (argumentation, game theory and inconsistent information). The recent evolution of emerging gangs and their expansion into areas that were paramilitary camps requires monitoring not only of the government and the authorities, but those investigating the conflict in the present tense. The author provides heuristic research support from Schelling’s theory of strategy, Nozick’s agencies and the protection, and Gambetta’s recent contributions to the relationship between organized crime and drug cartels.Civil_war, Colombia, armed conflict, strategic_theory, Gambetta, Nozick, Schelling
DNA barcode for identification of immature stages of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) collected from natural breeding sites
No full textVivero, Rafael José, Bejarano, Eduar Elías, Estrada, Luis Gregorio, Flórez, Fernando, Ortega-Gómez, Edgar, Aparicio, Yamileth, Torres-Gutiérrez, Carolina, Uribe-Soto, Sandra, Muskus-López, Carlos (2017): DNA barcode for identification of immature stages of sand flies (Diptera: Psychodidae) collected from natural breeding sites. Zootaxa 4277 (2): 228-236, DOI: https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4277.2.
The power to tax
No full textThis article describes the argumentative structure of Hayek on the relationship between power to tax and redistribution. It is observed throughout its work giving special attention to two works: The Constitution of Liberty (1959) and Law, Legislation and Liberty, vol3; The Political Order of Free People, 1979) Hayek describes one of the arguments most complete information bout SFP progressive tax systems (progressive tax). According to the author the history of the tax progressive system, works against such a tax model and deploys a variety of arguments in his favorite spot by critics: liberal democracy.Power to Tax, Redistribution, Government, Progressive Tax, Democracy, Hayek
Is Fiscal Policy Alone Enough for Growth ? A Simulation Analysis for Bolivia
No full textThis paper develops a dynamic stochastic general equilibrium (DSGE) model to analyze the growth effects of fiscal policy in Bolivia. It is a multi-sector model with five representative sectors for the Bolivian economy: Non-tradables, importables, hydrocarbons, mining and agriculture. Public capital is included as a production factor in each of these sectors. The model is calibrated and a number of interesting scenarios are simulated by modifying each of the available fiscal policy instruments. In particular, we analyze the sustainability of Bolivian social policy based on government transfers to households along with the short- and long-run implications of fiscal policy for growth and welfare. We find that fiscal policy alone is unable to generate high rates of growth: it must be accompanied by an efficient provision of public capital and productivity boosts in the economic sectors.Fiscal policy, Infrastructure, multi-sector growth model
El Tlacuache Núm. 313 (2008). 313 Año 9 (2008) mayo. El Tlacuache
No full textLa Cuelga en Santa Catarina, Tepoztlán, Morelos por María Elizabeth Hernández Vázquez. - Día Internacional Del Medio Ambiente.Jardín Etnobotánico, Museo de Medicina Tradicional y Herbolaria. - El laboratorio de restauración del proyecto Xochicalco del Centro INAH Morelos por Guadalupe Estrada y José Luis Armendariz. - El laboratorio de Restauración del Proyecto XochicalcoDel Centro INAH Morelos
Discursive practices in the construction of identity: the life remembrances of a Yaqui woman
No full textEste artículo analiza la historia de vida de una mujer yaqui. El discurso se convierte en un espacio donde la narradora ofrece un testimonio mediante el cual nos manifiesta su valoración del mundo yaqui y su identificación con él. En el mismo se observa la aceptación del rol que asume a través de sus prácticas discursivas. Estas permiten su autoconstrucción como persona que influye positivamente sobre los miembros jóvenes de su comunidad. La narración de Anabela, o Jeka Ania, como la protagonista prefiere nombrarse, entreteje un recorrido de remembranzas en las que se resalta el aprecio hacia la cultura ancestral de su pueblo y al mundo imaginario de los yaquis. El análisis subraya las habilidades retóricas de la protagonista, las prácticas discursivas que reflejan el aprecio a su filiación étnica, su confrontación con el no-yaqui –el yori–, y de su identidad como mexicana. Sus habilidades narrativas destacan al atender a dos tipos de audiencias:a quienes la invitaron a narrar su historia de vida, y a la juventud yaqui.This article analyzes the life history of a Yaqui woman. Speech becomes a space whereby the narrator offers a testimony through which she expresses her appreciation of the Yaqui world, along with her identification with it. In the discourse itself, one can observe her acceptance of the role she plays through her discursive practices. The discourse itself allows the woman to self-construct herself as a person that positively influences the younger members of her community. The narrative of Anabela –or Jeka Ania as the protagonist prefers to name herself– interweaves a journey of remembrances through which the appreciation of the ancestral culture of her people and the imaginary world of the Yaquis is highlighted. This analysis emphasizes the rhetorical skills of the protagonist, the discursive practices that reflect the appreciation of her ethnic affiliation, her confrontation with all that is non-yaqui –or the yori–, along with her identity as a Mexican. Jeka Ania’s narrative skills are most striking when she is attending two types of audiences: those who invited her to recite her life story, and the Yaqui youth in general.Auer, Peter, 2007 Chapter 1. Introduction, en Style and Social Identities. Alternative Approaches to Linguistic Heterogeneity. Mouton de Gruyter. Berlín-Nueva York: 1-21.Bakhtin, Mikhail M., 1981 The Dialogic Imagination: Four Essays, M. Holquist (ed.), C. Emerson y M. Holquist (traductores.). University of Texas Press. Austin.Bloomaert, Jan, 2005 Discourse. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.Buitimea Valenzuela, Crescencio, 2007 Pessio betana nottiwame. Regreso de Hermosillo. Universidad de Sonora. Hermosillo.Buitimea Valenzuela,, Crescencio, Zarina Estrada Fernández, Aarón Grageca Bustamente y Manuel Carlos Silva Encinas. 2016 Diccionario yaqui de bolsillo. Jiak noki-español/Español-Jiak noki. Universidad de Sonora. Hermosillo.Dijk, Teun A. van, 1997 The study of discourse. An Introduction, en Discourse as structure and process: A multidisciplinary introduction. Sage Publications Ltd. . Consultado el 16 de abril de 2016.Duff, Patricia A., 2012 Second language socialization, en The Handbook of Language Socialization, A. Duranti, E. Ochs y B. B. Shieffelin. Blackwell. Malden: 564-586.Duranti, Alessandro, 1997 Cultural Anthropology. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge.Duranti, Alessandro, Elinor Ochs y Bambi B. Shieffelin, 2012 The handbook of language socialization. Blackwell. Malden: 564-586.Estrada Fernández, Zarina, 2009a La modalidad en yaqui, en Lingüística Amerindia. Aportaciones recientes, R. Arzápalo Marín y J. L. Moctezuma Zamarrón (comps.). Instituto de Investigaciones Antropológicas. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México. México: 289-310.Estrada Fernández, Zarina, Crescencio Buitimea Valenzuela, Adriana Elizabeth Gurrola Camacho, María Elena, Castillo Celaya y Anabela Carlón Flores. 2004 Diccionario yaqui-español y textos. Obra de preservación lingüística. Editorial Plaza y Valdés/Universidad de Sonora. México.Estrada Fernández, Zarina, Manuel Carlos Silva Encinas y Crescencio Buitimea Valenzuela, 2009b El discurso de los pascolas entre los yaqui de Sonora, México. Tlalocan. Revista de fuentes para el conocimiento de las culturas indígenas de México, vol. XVI: 146-167.Estrada Fernández, Zarina, Anabela Carlón Flores y Rebeca Gutiérrez Estrada, 2018 Jeka Aniata jiapsi: Jiak jamutta etejoi / Vida de Jeka Ania: Historia de una mujer yaqui. Universidad de Sonora. Hermosillo.Geertz, Clifford, 2003 [1973] La interpretación de las culturas, duodécima reimpresión en español. Editorial Gedisa. Barcelona.Gilroy, Paul, 1993 The Black Atlantic: Modernity and Double Consciousness. Harvard University Press. Cambridge, Massachusetts.Goffman, Erving, 1974 Frame Analysis. Northeastern University Press. Boston. 1981 Forms of Talk. University of Pennsylvania Press. Filadelfia.Goodenough, Ward H., 1965 Rethinking ‘Status’ and ‘Role’: Toward a general model of the cultural organization of social relationships, en The Relevance of Models for Social Anthropology, A.S.A. Monographs 1. Tavistock Publications. Nueva York; Frederick A. Praeger, Publishes. Londres: 1-24.Goodwin, Charles, 2007 Interactive footing, en Voicing Reported Speech and Footing in Conversation, E. Holt y R. Clift. Cambridge University Press. Cambridge: 16-46.Hymes, Dell, 1972 Models of the interaction of language and social life, en Directions in sociolinguistics: The ethnography of communication, J. J. Gumperz y D. Hymes (eds.). Holt, Rinehart and Winston. Nueva York: 35-71. 1996 Ethnography, Linguistics, Narrative Inequality: Towards and Understanding of Voice. Taylor and Francis. Londres.Labov, William y Joshua Waletsky
1967 Narrative Analysis. Oral versions of Personal Experience, en Essays on the Verbal and Visual Arts. University of Washington Press. Seattle: 12-44.Ochs, Elinor y Bambi B. Schieffelin, 2012 The theory of Language Socialization, en The Handbook of Language Socialization, A. Duranti, E. Ochs, y B. B. Schieffelin. Wiley-Blackwell. Malden-Oxford: 1-21.Pellicer, Dora, 2016 Bilingüismo: conocimiento, uso y entendimiento entre los hablantes, en UniverSOS: Revista de lenguas indígenas y universos culturales, 13: 169-192.Schieffelin, Bambi B. y Elinor Ochs, 1986 Language Socialization Across Cultures. Cambridge University Press. Nueva York.Sen, Amartya
2001 La otra gente. Más allá de la identidad, en Letras Libres. Disponible en: Consultado el 18 de julio de 2016.Woolard, Kathryn A. y Bambi B. Schieffelin, 1994 Language ideology. Annual Review of Anthropology, 23: 55-82
Fluorimetric chlorophyll of the expedition Malaspina 2010 (Malaspina2010_chlorophyll.xls) [Dataset]
No full textOpen access. Please, contact corresponding author in case of doubtsDescription: The Malaspina2010_chlorophyll.xlsx file contains the fluorimetric chlorophyll a data of the circunnavigation expedition Malaspina 2010, which took place between 14/12/2010 and 14/07/2011 on board the BIO Hespérides. The data presented here were obtained between 16/12/2010 and 11/07/2011. The date and position of the sampling stations are listed in the third sheet of the file.
Methods: Water samples for fluorimetric chlorophyll a (Chl a) determination were collected from 3 m depth with a 30-liter Niskin bottle and from selected depths between 10 and 200 m with a Rosette of 24 10-liter Niskin bottles attached to a CTD probe. Chl a determination was carried out as described in Estrada et al. (2012). Briefly, between 200 and 500 cm3 of seawater were filtered through GF/F glass fiber filters that were subsequently frozen at -20°C and, after a minimum of 6 hours, introduced in vials with acetone 90% and left for 24 hours in the dark, at 4ºC. The Chl a concentration in the acetonic extracts was measured with a Turner Designs fluorimeter calibrated with a pure Chl a standard (Sigma-Aldrich); no phaeopigment correction was applied.
Size-fractionated analyses of Chl a were performed for samples from surface, the 20% surface PAR and the deep chlorophyll maximum. The analyses were carried out by sequential filtration of a 500 cm3 of seawater through Poretics (polycarbonate) membrane filters of pore sizes 20 μm, 2 μm and 0.2 μm, which were subsequently treated as the GF/F ones (Estrada, 2012)This work was supported by Consolider-Ingenio 2010, CSD2008-00077 of the former Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (ES) (now www.ciencia.gob.es) and the Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC) (ES)Authors; Methods; Station positions; leg 1; leg 2; Legs 3-4; leg 5; leg 6; leg 7; ReferencesPeer reviewe
Hundreds of variants clustered in genomic loci and biological pathways affect human height
No full textMost common human traits and diseases have a polygenic pattern of inheritance: DNA sequence variants at many genetic loci influence the phenotype. Genome-wide association (GWA) studies have identified more than 600 variants associated with human traits(1), but these typically explain small fractions of phenotypic variation, raising questions about the use of further studies. Here, using 183,727 individuals, we show that hundreds of genetic variants, in at least 180 loci, influence adult height, a highly heritable and classic polygenic trait(2,3). The large number of loci reveals patterns with important implications for genetic studies of common human diseases and traits. First, the 180 loci are not random, but instead are enriched for genes that are connected in biological pathways (P = 0.016) and that underlie skeletal growth defects (P<0.001). Second, the likely causal gene is often located near the most strongly associated variant: in 13 of 21 loci containing a known skeletal growth gene, that gene was closest to the associated variant. Third, at least 19 loci have multiple independently associated variants, suggesting that allelic heterogeneity is a frequent feature of polygenic traits, that comprehensive explorations of already-discovered loci should discover additional variants and that an appreciable fraction of associated loci may have been identified. Fourth, associated variants are enriched for likely functional effects on genes, being over-represented among variants that alter amino-acid structure of proteins and expression levels of nearby genes. Our data explain approximately 10% of the phenotypic variation in height, and we estimate that unidentified common variants of similar effect sizes would increase this figure to approximately 16% of phenotypic variation (approximately 20% of heritable variation). Although additional approaches are needed to dissect the genetic architecture of polygenic human traits fully, our findings indicate that GWA studies can identify large numbers of loci that implicate biologically relevant genes and pathways
From followers to leaders : the Apostles in the ritual of status transformation in Acts 1-2.
No full textThis thesis is a study of Acts 1-2 using perspectives from the social sciences. The study is focused on the twelve apostles of Jesus and attempts to understand the process and purpose of their change of status from being followers to becoming the leaders of the Christian community. Specifically, this thesis employs the model of Rituals of Status Transformation as its primary theoretical framework in order to clarify and define the stages and phases of the apostles' status transformation. The primary purpose of the status transformation is to promote the leadership integrity of the apostles. This leadership integrity was put into question because Judas -a member of the Twelve - betrayed Jesus. Judas' betrayal brought social embarrassment on the apostolate and thus necessitated the author's campaign to show his readers the apostles' status transformation. A major part of this study is the suggestion of a plausible solution to the questions surrounding the function of the pericopes of Acts 1: 12-14 and 1: 15-26 in relation to the Ascension and Penetecost events. Contrary to the common view that the prayer of unanimity between the Eleven apostles, the women, and Jesus' family in the upper room is simply an empty interval in preparation for the coming of the Spirit on the day of Pentecost, this thesis proposes that the pericope is propagandistic intended to win support from the clienteles of the women disciples and Jesus' family. Thus, while the Ritual of Status Transformation serves as our main theoretical framework, this thesis uses other social- scientific models to fully explore the social conditions within the said pericopes. In the case of Acts 1: 12-14, the model of patronage/brokerage together with the mechanics of social networking has been employed. The same perspective applies to Acts 1: 15-26. Again, contrary to the more popular view that the election narrative is the fulfillment of the promise of Jesus to his apostles in Lk. 22: 30, we suggest that the setting is the stage of the apostles' ritual confrontation before the presence of the 120 believers. This ritual confrontation is understood within the concept of honour and shame which works interactively with our theoretical framework. This concept is able to bring out our suggestion that Peter's speech is an apologetic speech in behalf of the apostles - attempting to defend their honour and leadership integrity which was marred by Judas' betrayal of Jesus
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