785 research outputs found
Probabilistic modeling of electric vehicle charging pattern in a residential distribution network
No full textIt has been recognized that an increased penetration of electric vehicles (EVs) may potentially alter load profile in a distribution network. Charging pattern of EVs and its corresponding electrical load pattern may be assessed and quantified by using either a deterministic method or stochastic approach. However, deterministic method does not account for stochastic nature of EV users which affects the load pattern and of stochastic nature of grid condition. Thus, a stochastic method is applied to develop a probabilistic model of EVs charging pattern that takes into account various factors such as vehicle class, battery capacity, state of charge (SOC), driving habit/need, i.e. involving trip type and purpose, plug-in time, mileage, recharging frequency per day, charging power rate and dynamic EV charging price under controlled and uncontrolled charging schemes. The probabilistic model gives EV charging pattern over a period of day for different months to represent the load pattern during different seasons of a year. The presented model gives a rigorous estimation of EV charging load pattern in a distribution network which is considered important for network operators
Modeling of a Photovoltaic-Powered Electric Vehicle Charging Station with Vehicle-to-Grid Implementation
No full textThis paper is aimed at modelling of a distinct smart charging station for electric vehicles (EVs) that is suitable for DC quick EV charging while ensuring minimum stress on the power grid. Operation of the charging station is managed in such a way that it is either supplied by photovoltaic (PV) power or the power grid, and the vehicle-to-grid (V2G) is also implemented for improving the stability of the grid during peak load hours. The PV interfaced DC/DC converter and grid interfaced DC/AC bidirectional converter share a DC bus. A smooth transition of one operating mode to another demonstrates the effectiveness of the employed control strategy. Modelling and control of the different components are explained and are implemented in Simulink. Simulations illustrate the feasible behaviour of the charging station under all operating modes in terms of the four-way interaction among PV, EVs and the grid along with V2G operation. Additionally, a business model is discussed with comprehensive analysis of cost estimation for the deployment of charging facilities in a residential area. It has been recognized that EVs bring new opportunities in terms of providing regulation services and consumption flexibility by varying the recharging power at a certain time instant. The paper also discusses the potential financial incentives required to inspire EV owners for active participation in the demand response mechanism
On the Achievable Diversity-Complexity Tradeoffs of Joint Network-Channel Coded Cooperative Communication
No full textIn this paper, a novel mathematical framework for the analysis and optimization of Joint-Network - Channel Coded Diversity (JNCCD) protocol is presented. The analysis is applicable to relay - aided protocols based on the error propagation model, which rely on appropriately designed diversity combining demodulators at the destination. Wireless networks with an arbitrary number of sources and relays are considered. Arbitrary multilevel modulation schemes and network codes constructed over Galois Field (GF) are analyzed and JNCCD protocols are investigated. Our results show that if the modulation order is smaller than the Galois field, we are still able to achieve the higher diversity order with lower decoding complexity
A novel and collaborative network channel coded mobile communication architecture
No full textThis paper presents a novel algebraic framework of collaborative network channel coding scheme in a network with multiple-access relay channel. The proposed scheme helps reduce the computational complexity while enhancing energy efficiency of the wireless network. The devised scheme is intended for practical scenarios where channels exhibit various fading conditions over all the wireless links. We use network coding at the relay to give diversity boost at the receiver with lesser number of transmitted signals and lesser energy consumption. The setup demonstrates improved performance that is instrumental for the effective use of joint network channel coding (JNCC) for practical wireless networks. We further present a performance metric Energy Efficiency for the better performance evaluation
The Concept of Land Ownership in Islam and Poverty Alleviation in Pakistan
No full textLand ownership—in its ethico-legal and historical manifestations, reflects the importance of being a politico-economic institution. In the process of its development, it includes various heterogeneous elements of different systems of ownership. With the growth of the Ummah, the principles of laws of ownership represent and embody the relations, rights and duties to form the general law of obligations at the state as well as individual level. This is the case of economic and legal theory, regarding the ownership of land with implicative infrastructure to build social welfare institutions of Islam. It is generally and basically have been ordained that according to the teachings of Islam, Real ownership belongs to Allah Almighty. Man being the vicegerent holds property in trust for which he is accountable to him in accordance with the clearly laid down economic philosophy of Islam. Ownership of man is a concept alien to Islam as it belongs to Allah Almighty only.
On flatness-based control for series-connected VSC for voltage dip mitigation
No full textThe grid connected series converter is a custom
power device that is mainly used for mitigation of voltage sags.
In this paper a novel direct flatness-based control (FBC) in
cascade configuration, constituted by an outer voltage and an inner
current controller, is presented. It can absorb and inject active
and reactive power into the grid. Simulation model includes the
practical limitation of voltage source converter output voltage and
computational delay. Then, the simulations results for the FBC
under balanced voltage dips are presented and compared with
traditional proportional integral controller. Finally, the sensitivity
analysis of the FBC for grid frequency, phase angle jump and
inaccurate knowledge of system parameters are presented
1,000 Years After Al- Azhar - A Historic Achievement
No full textThis commemorative publication celebrates the founding of The Aga Khan University (AKU) in 1983, positioning it as a historic continuation of a thousand-year-old tradition of Muslim institutions of higher learning, beginning with Al-Azhar University. The publication features excerpts from Mowlana Hazar Imam’s speech during the Charter Presentation Ceremony, details AKU\u27s mission and vision, outlines early plans for its academic and health sciences components, and includes remarks from President Zia-ul-Haq. It emphasizes AKU’s role as a “Centre of Excellence” and “Muslim international university,” open to all, rooted in Islamic tradition, and committed to innovation in service of the Muslim world and developing nations.https://ecommons.aku.edu/arch_research_publications_secondary-sources/1002/thumbnail.jp
The application of social network analysis in the construction industry of Hong Kong
No full textThe Hong Kong construction industry is currently facing ageing problem and labour shortage. There are opportunities for employing ethnic minority construction workers to join this hazardous industry. These ethnic minority workers are prone to accidents due to communication barriers. Safety communication is playing an important role for avoiding the accidents on construction sites. However, the ethnic minority workers are not very fluent in the local language and facing safety communication problems while working with local workers. Social network analysis (SNA), being an effective tool to identify the safety communication flow on the construction site, is used to attain the measures of safety communication like centrality, density and betweenness within the ethnic minorities and local workers, and to generate sociograms that visually represent communication pattern within the effective and ineffective safety networks. The aim of this paper is to present the application of SNA for improving the safety communication of ethnic minorities in the construction industry of Hong Kong. The paper provides the theoretical background of SNA approaches for the data collection and analysis using the software UCINET and NetDraw, to determine the predominant safety communication network structure and pattern of ethnic minorities on site
Menyingkap Arti Kebenaran (Al-Haq) dalam Alquran
No full textPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan arti kebanran dalam Alquran yang fokus kajiannya dalam surah Al-Baqarah ayat 146-147 dan dalam surah Yunus ayat 32. Untuk mendeskripsikan arti kebenaran dalam kedua surah tersebut, digunakan kitab tafsir, yaitu tafsir Ibnu Katsir dan tafsir Al-Azhar. Dalam peneltian ini kami menggunakan metode penelitian yang bersifat literatur, pada jenis penelitian pustaka atau disebut juga (Library Research). Yang dimana peneliti menggunakan buku-buku dalam mengumpulkan data-data. Oleh sebab itu dalam penelitian ini, peneliti menggunakan 2 kitab tafsir, yaitu Tafsir Ibnu Katsir dan Tafsir Al-Azhar. Hasil penelitian ini adalah bahwa kata Al-Haq dalam surah Al-Baqarah ayat 147 yang merupakan arti kebenaran yang maknanya kebenaran datangnya dari Allah Swt. Dan dalam surah Yunus ayat 32 juga terdapat kata Al-Haq yang berarti kebenaran juga yang bermakna bahwa kebenaran juga hanya milik Allah Swt dan juga datang dari Allah Swt. Maka kesimpulannya kedua surah tersebut memiliki arti kebenaran Haq yang bermakna bahwa kebenaran itu adalah Tuhan, dan tiada Tuhan selain Allah Swt
Fumigant toxicity of lemon grass essential oil against rice weevil Sitophilus Oryzae L. (Coleoptera:Curculionidae) / Muhammad Sham Solahuddin Haq Azhar
No full textThe usage of chemical insecticides in Malaysia under post harvests storage to control pest can produce harmful effects to human and environmental whether directly or indirectly manners. The over usage of chemical treatment can cause of gradual pest resistances to chemical over the time. This resistance problems also can cause higher input usage such as cost for pest management. The main objective of this research is to investigate the effectiveness of essential oil in controlling rice the weevil. The location of this study was carried at UiTM entomology laboratory. The rice weevil or knows as Sitophilus oryzae is used as a test insect in this experiment. There were 10 different level of essential oil concentration as treatment and the essential oil used are citronella extract. This experiment using fumigant effect towards test insects exposed for 7½ hours .After the data collected and analyzed, the findings from this experiment showed the LC50 of 50% concentration level is 19.768ml/0.5ml and the LC99 of 90% concentration level at 83.999 ml/0.5mL which is the recommended level for rice weevil to reach its mortality level. The p-Value obtained is 0.00 less than 0.05 that showed there was significant different between amount essential oil used in fumigation control and the mortality of weevil .The times taken to reach mortality level were more concise than other concentration level. Thus, essential oil can be used to control the rice weevil
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