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Francisa Herberta Bradleya obrona metafizyki
Get PDFThe aim of the article is to analyse the arguments formulated in defence of metaphysics by Francis Herbert Bradley in the introduction to his main work Appearance and Reality. The Oxford philosopher, being one of the last significant representatives of systemic philosophy, was aware that the era in which he had to live and create was an era in which the validity or value of metaphysics, understood as the theory of first principles, was questioned. In his defence of metaphysics, he criticizes the anti-metaphysical argumentation which we can associate, not without reason, with the thought of Kant and Hume. He also points out, somewhat ahead of the twentieth-century critique of systemic philosophy, that it is not a source of dogmatism, but rather, as a critical reflection on our concepts, it is in fact “a refuge for the man who burns to think consistently, and yet is too good to become a slave, either to stupid fanaticism or dishonest sophistry”.Celem artykułu jest analiza argumentacji jaką sformułował w obronie metafizyki Francis Herbert Bradley we wstępie swego głównego dzieła Appearance and Reality. Oksfordzki filozof, będąc jednym z ostatnich znaczących przedstawicieli systemowej filozofii, świadom był, że epoka w jakiej przyszło mu żyć i tworzyć, była epoką, w której poddawano w wątpliwość zasadność czy wartość metafizyki rozumianej jako teoria pierwszych zasad. W swej obronie metafizyki Bradley poddaje krytyce argumentację antymetafizyczną, którą nie bez podstaw możemy wiązać z myślą Kanta i Hume'a. Wskazuje on również, niejako uprzedzając XX wieczną krytykę systemowej filozofii, że nie jest ona źródłem dogmatyzmu, lecz raczej jako krytyczna refleksja nad naszymi pojęciami, jest w istocie ”azylem dla kogoś, kto bardzo chce myśleć spójnie, a jest zbyt zdolny i autentyczny, by stać się niewolnikiem tępego fanatyzmu lub nieuczciwej sofistyki”
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
O heglizmie „neoheglistów”: Edward Caird i Francis Herbert Bradley
Get PDFThe purpose of this paper is to examine the widely held belief that the so-called British Idealist movement was in fact a continuation of Hegelian idealism. As I try to show in the paper, the question of the Hegelianism of the British Idealists is not straightforward, for the British Idealist movement itself was not philosophically homogeneous. In order to demonstrate this heterogeneity, I will juxtapose the views of two British idealists who seem to occupy extreme positions when it comes to their attitude towards Hegel: Edward Caird and Francis Herbert Bradley. As I point out, Caird explicitly referred to the thought of the German idealist, developing on its basis his own philosophy whose chief problematic was social and political. On the other hand, Bradley – often regarded as the main representative of the movement – explicitly dissociated himself from Hegel’s philosophy (while emphasising its value), pointing to its theoretical limitations. What Bradley could not agree to was, above all, Hegelian panlogism and the dynamic conception of the Absolute.Celem niniejszego artykułu jest zbadanie szeroko rozpowszechnionego przekonania o tym, że ruch tzw. brytyjskich idealistów był w istocie rzeczy kontynuacją idealizmu heglowskiego. Jak staram się wykazać, kwestia heglizmu brytyjskich idealistów nie jest prosta, bowiem sam ruch brytyjskiego idealizmu nie był filozoficznie jednorodny. W celu ukazania owej niejednorodności zestawię ze sobą poglądy dwóch brytyjskich idealistów którzy wydają się zajmować skrajne pozycje jeżeli chodzi o stosunek do Hegla: Edwarda Cairda i Francisa Herberta Bradleya. Jak wskazuję, Caird wyraźnie odwoływał się do myśli niemieckiego idealisty, rozwijając na jej bazie własną filozofię, której naczelną problematyką była problematyka społeczno-polityczna. Natomiast Bradley – często uważany za głównego przedstawiciela ruchu – wprost odżegnywał się od filozofii Hegla (jednocześnie podkreślając jej wartość), wskazując na jej teoretyczne ograniczenia. To, na co nie mógł przystać Bradley, to przede wszystkim heglowski panlogizm i dynamiczną koncepcję Absolutu
Problem interpretacji myśli Parmenidesa w duchu monizmu predykatywnego i numerycznego
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Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Thought and Truth: Bradley’s Conception of Truth and Its Theoretical Foundations
No full textThe purpose of this paper is to examine and discuss the theory of truth developed by Francis Herbert Bradley in the context of his logical and metaphysical views. The British idealist’s reflections on truth were not contained in a single work, but are found in many of his works, which makes it somewhat difficult to understand his concepts adequately and, as I show, has led to a misinterpretation of his views. In this paper, I analyze and identify the logical and metaphysical foundations of his theory, focusing mainly on his two most important works: Appearance and Reality – his most significant metaphysical work – and The Principles of Logic – his main work on logic. In order to adequately understand the Oxford idealist’s position that truth is something that concerns the relationship between logical judgment and reality, I examine especially his conception of judgment contained in The Principles of Logic and his conception of reality developed in Appearance and Reality. As early as 1883, in The Principles of Logic, Bradley distinguished between a surfaced grammatical sentence and an implicit logical form of judgment. On this basis, I point out that Bradley’s theory should not be classified – as has not infrequently been attributed to him – as a coherence theory, but that it is in fact an identity theory. I also point out that Bradley’s adversaries, such as Bertrand Russell, have misunderstood his theory
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
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