1,721,148 research outputs found
Combination therapy in severe Acinetobacter baumannii infections: an update on the evidence to date.
No full textAcinetobacter baumannii is a drug-resistant Gram-negative pathogen increasingly causing hospital-acquired infections in critically ill patients. In this review, we summarize the current mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in A. baumannii and describe in detail recent in vitro and in vivo experimental data on the activity of antimicrobial
combinations against this microorganism. We then introduce the rationale for the use of combination antibiotic therapy in resistant A. baumannii infections. Finally, we present and critically discuss both uncontrolled clinical studies and the few randomized clinical trials
of combination antimicrobial therapy for these infections, with a special focus on ongoing multinational trials and optimal approach to future research in this field
An in vitro study of treatment of drug-induced cholestasis by tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC)
No full textVisceral leishmaniasis during pregnancy treated with meglumine antimoniate.
No full textData on the efficacy and safety of pentavalent antimony in the treatment of
visceral leishmaniasis during pregnancy are scanty. A case of visceral
leishmaniasis in a 39-year-old woman in the second trimester of pregnancy is
reported here. The patient was hospitalized in poor condition with high fever and
pancytopenia which had lasted for 6 weeks. A bone marrow aspirate revealed
numerous amastigotes and serodiagnosis for Leishmania was positive at a high
titer. The patient was successfully treated with meglumine antimoniate at a daily
dose of 850 mg of antimony for 20 days. She delivered at term a healthy female
baby who remains in good condition at 18 months of age. Thus a dose of 850 mg of
antimony, which is lower than that presently recommended, seems to be effective
and non toxic to the fetus when administered at the second trimester of
pregnancy
Infection of intravascular prostheses: how to treat other than surgery.
No full textLong-term antimicrobial therapy may be effective in some patients with
intravascular prosthesis infection. However, this approach does not represent an
alternative to surgery when this is feasible, but is merely the best opportunity
for patients too ill to tolerate a re-intervention. Prosthetic valve endocarditis
may be treated with antibiotic therapy alone in selected patients who are
haemodynamically stable with non-staphylococcal infections and no para-valvular
complications. In contrast, infections of pacemaker leads or other implantable
cardiac devices require complete hardware removal, as infection recurrence always
occurs, even after a seemingly effective initial treatment. Attempts to treat
conservatively infections of abdominal aortic grafts can be successful in a few
cases, provided the patient is stable, the pathogen has been identified, and
antibiotic susceptibility has been demonstrated. Treatment requires at least 4-6
weeks and may be followed by a sequential oral regimen once the acute phase of
the infection has subsided. The correct duration of this treatment is often
unknown and relapses are common after treatment withdrawal. The availability of
novel antibacterial and antifungal agents - showing fast microbicidal activity
that includes biofilm micro-organisms - such as daptomycin and caspofungin, or
having a wide antimicrobial spectrum, such as tigecycline, may increase the
probability of long-standing suppression or even eradication of the infection in
these particular subsets of inoperable patients. However, so far, very little
experience is available on the efficacy and tolerability of these drugs in
intravascular prosthesis infections. Controlled studies are lacking and difficult
to plan. Well-designed prospective studies may help to establish guidelines and
reach a multidisciplinary consensus on the optimal therapeutic approach, and are
therefore awaited
Effect of miconazole and amphotericin B on the hepatic RES. Firenze, 10-15 June, 1984. Abstract nø 14, p. 147.
No full textFagocitosi e killing di differenti ceppi batterici pretrattati con concentrazioni subinibenti di LY 163892 e LY 146032.
No full textAmeliorating effect of tauroursodeoxycholate (TUDC) but not taurocholate (TC) on chlorpromazine (CPZ) cholestasis.
No full text
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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