1,720,958 research outputs found
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Full text linkWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
The Evolution of Islamic Education in Pakistan
Full text link Islamic education has a long history in Pakistan, dating back to the arrival of Islam in the region in the 8th century. Over the centuries, Islamic education in Pakistan has evolved in response to changing political, social, and economic conditions. This paper examines the evolution of Islamic education in Pakistan, focusing on key shifts in curricula, teaching methods, and institutions. One of the earliest forms of Islamic education in Pakistan was the madrasa system, which was established to train scholars and clergy in Islamic theology, jurisprudence, and ethics. These madrasas played a crucial role in preserving Islamic knowledge and traditions in the region. In the 19th and 20th centuries, Islamic education in Pakistan underwent significant changes as a result of British colonial rule and modernization efforts. The curriculum in madrasas was expanded to include subjects such as mathematics, science, and English, reflecting the influence of Western education systems. In the post-independence period, Islamic education in Pakistan continued to evolve, with the establishment of new educational institutions such as Islamic universities and colleges. These institutions offered a more comprehensive and modernized curriculum, combining traditional Islamic teachings with contemporary subjects. Today, Islamic education in Pakistan is a diverse and dynamic field, with a wide range of educational institutions offering programs in Islamic studies, Quranic studies, and Islamic law. The government has also taken steps to regulate and standardize Islamic education through the establishment of regulatory bodies and accreditation processes. Despite these developments, challenges remain in the field of Islamic education in Pakistan, including issues related to curriculum reform, teacher training, and the integration of modern technology into traditional teaching methods. Moving forward, it is essential for policymakers, educators, and religious scholars to work together to ensure that Islamic education in Pakistan continues to evolve and adapt to meet the needs of a changing society
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
The Challenges and Opportunities of Islamic Education in Pakistan
Full text link Islamic education plays a pivotal role in shaping the values, beliefs, and practices of individuals in Pakistan. This article explores the challenges and opportunities of the Islamic education school system in the country. It discusses the importance of Islamic education, the impact it has on society, and the role of Islamic schools within the broader education system. The article also examines the evolution of Islamic education in Pakistan and looks ahead to potential reforms and innovations that could enhance the quality and accessibility of education for students. By addressing key issues and opportunities, this article aims to shed light on the current state of Islamic education in Pakistan and provide insights for future development. Islamic education is a cornerstone of Pakistan's educational system, shaping the worldview and values of millions of students. Despite its significance, the Islamic education system in Pakistan faces numerous challenges, including outdated curriculum, inadequate infrastructure, and a shortage of qualified teachers. However, this sector also presents opportunities for growth, innovation, and reform. This article examines the complex landscape of Islamic education in Pakistan, highlighting the challenges that hinder its progress and the opportunities that could propel it forward. By exploring the interplay between traditional Islamic education and modern educational practices, this study aims to inform evidence-based policies and initiatives that can enhance the quality, relevance, and accessibility of Islamic education in Pakistan. Islamic education plays a vital role in Pakistan's education system, instilling religious and moral values in students. However, the Islamic education sector faces significant challenges that limit its effectiveness and impact. This article examines the key issues confronting Islamic schools in Pakistan, including outdated curricula, inadequate teacher training, and insufficient funding. Despite these obstacles, the article also explores the opportunities for reforming and strengthening Islamic education to better serve the needs of Pakistani students and society. Strategies such as modernizing teaching methods, integrating technological innovations, and establishing partnerships between Islamic and mainstream educational institutions are discussed as potential avenues for enhancing the quality and relevance of Islamic education. Through a nuanced analysis of the current state of Islamic education in Pakistan, this article aims to inform policy decisions and catalyze initiatives that can unlock the sector's transformative potential
The Role of Islamic Schools in Pakistan's Education System
Full text link Pakistan's education system faces numerous challenges, including poor educational outcomes, inadequate infrastructure, and a shortage of qualified teachers. Islamic schools, also known as Madrasahs, have long been a vital part of the country's education landscape, providing religious education to millions of students. Despite their significance, Islamic schools have been largely marginalized in Pakistan's education policy discourse. This study examines the role of Islamic schools in Pakistan's education system, exploring their strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats. Through a mixed-methods approach, combining surveys, interviews, and case studies, this research sheds light on the opportunities presented by Islamic schools, including their potential to promote social cohesion, civic engagement, and community development. The study also identifies challenges, such as the need for curriculum reform, teacher training, and infrastructure development. The findings have implications for education policy, highlighting the need for greater recognition and support for Islamic schools in Pakistan. By examining the role of Islamic schools, this research aims to inform strategies for improving the quality, equity, and relevance of education in Pakistan, ultimately contributing to the country's national development goals. Islamic schools, also known as Madrasahs, play a significant role in Pakistan's education system, providing religious education to a large number of students across the country. This paper aims to critically analyze the role of Islamic schools in Pakistan's education system, exploring their impact on student learning outcomes, curriculum content, teacher quality, and societal relevance. The study investigates the strengths and weaknesses of Islamic schools, considering their contribution to religious education, cultural preservation, and community engagement. It also examines the challenges facing Islamic schools, including issues related to educational quality, sectarianism, and government regulation. Through a comprehensive review of existing literature, policy documents, and empirical studies, this research highlights the importance of integrating Islamic schools into the broader education system to improve educational quality, promote diversity, and foster social cohesion. The findings of this study have implications for education policymakers, educators, and stakeholders concerned with ensuring equitable and inclusive education for all children in Pakistan
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