78 research outputs found
Methodological Aspects of Assessing the Sustainable Development of Energy Companies
No full textV. Prokhorova: ORCID 0000-0003-2552-2131; O. Bozhanova: ORCID 0000-0003-2927-7356ENG: There was given an analysis of existing methods for assessing the level of sustainable development of energy companies, respectively. There has been highlighted the components of sustainable development which are interconnected and are separate objects of management. Methodological aspects of energy company sustainable development assessment are proposed, which are based on an integrated approach, which allow to present sustainable energy company development as a multicomponent phenomenon in the form of a set of sustainable development factors and indicators that shape them.Ukrainian Engineering Pedagogics Academy, Kharkiv, UA; National Academy of the National Guard of Ukraine, Kharkiv, UA; Lviv Polytechnic National University, Lviv, UA; The Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Kharkiv, U
Searches of optimum organizational forms of international cooperation: Vasily Fedorovich Malinovsky’s and Gudar’s Anzhi projects
Get PDFThe author examines plans related to the optimal international organizational forms by Anji Gúdar
“Peace in Europe can not recover so long as a truce or the Plan of universal pacification is accompanied
by a twenty year deposit among all political powers” and by V. F. Malinowski’s publication “Discourse
on peace and war”. The aim of our study was to analyze views of A. Gúdar and V. F. Malinowski on the
problem of war and peace and the creation of a new European Union — the optimal international organization. We also made a comparative legal analysis of the legal models of Russian and French models
of optimal organizational forms of international cooperation. These projects have many common
characteristics. But Gúdar developed a legal proposal and Malinowski wrote philosophical-journalistic
and sociological work. In our opinion these projects are legal models of European Union. Refs 19
Оценка влияния метеорологических параметров на изменчивость площади и толщины морского льда в Карском море
Get PDFThe reduction of the sea ice area in the Arctic is one of the most notable consequences of climate change, with the Kara Sea contributing about 5 % to the overall reduction. The aim of this study is to assess the impact of changes in climatic conditions on the reduction of the area and thickness of the sea ice in the Kara Sea and the possibility of using the established dependencies for climate forecasting. The article provides quantitative estimates of the relationship between interannual changes in the sea ice thickness and sea ice extent in the Kara Sea and climate changes in the region and the remote influence of the sea surface temperature in the tropical North Atlantic for 1979–2019. The paper uses observation data obtained at meteorological stations, ERA5 reanalysis and data on the sea ice extent from the Arctic and Antarctic Research Institute website. In summer, the melting of sea ice is largely due to changes in the surface air temperature (correlation coefficient from –0.57 to –0.91). In winter, the ice thickness depends on the sum of frost degree-days (r = –0.80). The temperature regime, in turn, is determined by the radiation balance, namely, by the variability in the long-wave flow due to the increase in the water vapor content. On the basis of the relationships established, a linear regression model is proposed for forecasting the sea ice area with a lead time of about three months. The model is effective and statistically significant. The paper considers the remote influence of the sea surface temperature anomalies in the North Atlantic tropics on the ice coverage of the Kara Sea. The response of the sea ice extent to the sea surface temperature in the low latitudes is 30–34 months late. The significant correlation between the anomalies can serve as a basis for predicting the sea ice area in the Kara Sea with a lead time of up to three years.В работе приведена количественная оценка влияния метеорологических параметров, таких как температура воздуха, влагосодержание атмосферы, нисходящее длинноволновое излучение, на толщину и площадь льда в Карском море. На основе установленных связей предложена регрессионная модель прогноза площади льда Карского моря с заблаговременностью 3 месяца. Рассмотрено удаленное влияние на площадь льда в Карском море аномалий от средней температуры поверхности океана в тропиках Северной Атлантики. Установленная значимая корреляция может послужить основанием для прогноза площади льда Карского моря с заблаговременностью до трех лет
Інноваційні цикли як стратегічна методологічна об'єктивність нової технологічної парадигми соціально-економічного розвитку
No full textV. Prokhorova: ORCID 0000-0003-2552-2131; S. Mushnykova: ORCID 0000-0002-3860-522X; I. Abernikhina: ORCID 0000-0003-0692-1276; Ya. Yukhman: ORCID 0000-0003-3535-731X; O. Makovoz: ORCID 0000-0003-0187-719X; K. Slastianykova: ORCID 0000-0002-7114-5165ENG: The object of research is the processes of socio-economic development in the context of technological transformation, taking into account innovation cycles. The paper examines the role of innovation cycles as a strategic methodological objectivity that determines the dynamics of socio-economic development in the context of the transition to a new technological paradigm. The relevance of the topic is due to the global challenges of our time: digitalization, digitalization of the economy, development of artificial intelligence, transition to a green economy and the need to formulate adaptive development strategies that can respond to the pace of technological change. Innovation cycles are viewed as a multi-stage process that includes emergent ideas, new technologies, mass adoption of innovations and their impact on the structure of production, employment and institutional models. On the basis of historical and theoretical analysis, the paper traces the evolution of industrial revolutions – from Industry 1.0 to the anticipated Industry 6.0. It is noted that each new phase of industrial development is accompanied by the formation of a new technological paradigm that changes the principles of interaction between technology, capital, labor and knowledge. Industry 6.0, as the expected next stage, is associated with the symbiosis of artificial and biological intelligence, autonomous economies, decentralized management structures and value-oriented innovation development. The author substantiates the need to understand innovation cycles not only as an empirical phenomenon, but also as a methodological basis for strategic planning. In this context, the paper proposes a conceptual model that provides for the integration of cyclical analysis into the processes of state regulation, forecasting and formation of sustainable growth policies. The conclusions presented are of interdisciplinary importance and can serve as a basis for further research in the fields of economics, sociology, public administration and technological development.UKR: Об’єктом дослідження є процеси соціально-економічного розвитку в умовах технологічної трансформації з урахуванням інноваційних циклів. У роботі досліджується роль інноваційних циклів як стратегічної методологічної об'єктивності, що зумовлює динаміку соціально-економічного розвитку в умовах переходу до нової технологічної парадигми. Актуальність теми зумовлена глобальними викликами сучасності: цифровізацією, діджиталізацією економіки, розвитком штучного інтелекту, переходом до «зеленої» економіки та необхідністю формування адаптивних стратегій розвитку, здатних відповідати на темпи технологічних змін. Інноваційні цикли розглядаються як багатоетапний процес, що охоплює емерджентні ідеї, новітні технології, масове впровадження інновацій та їхній вплив на структуру виробництва, зайнятості й інституційних моделей. На основі історико-теоретичного аналізу у роботі простежується еволюція промислових революцій – від Індустрії 1.0 до передбачуваної Індустрії 6.0. Зазначено, що кожна нова фаза промислового розвитку супроводжується формуванням нової технологічної парадигми, яка змінює принципи взаємодії між технологіями, капіталом, працею та знаннями. Індустрія 6.0, як передбачуваний наступний етап, пов’язується із симбіозом штучного та біологічного інтелекту, автономними економіками, децентралізованими структурами управління та ціннісно-орієнтованим інноваційним розвитком. Обґрунтована необхідність осмислення інноваційних циклів не лише як емпіричного явища, а як методологічної основи стратегічного планування. У цьому контексті робота пропонує концептуальну модель, що передбачає інтеграцію циклічного аналізу в процеси державного регулювання, прогнозування та формування політик сталого зростання. Представлені висновки мають міждисциплінарне значення та можуть слугувати базою для подальших наукових розвідок у сферах економіки, соціології, публічного управління та технологічного розвитку.Educational and Research institute Ukrainian Engineering Pedagogics Academy V. N. Karazin Kharkiv National University; National University "Lviv Polytechnic
The Little Entente in European politics
No full textСтаття присвячена аналізу діяльності
зовнішньополітичного союзу
східноєвропейських країн – Малої Антанти у
міжвенний період. Визначено основні
передумови складання союзу та розглянуто
особливості цього процесу в контексті
становлення післявоєнного порядку в Європі.
У статті проаналізовано пріоритетні
напрямки діяльності союзу, визначено
основні проблеми його розвитку. Окрему
увагу автор приділив висвітленню передумов
та причин розпаду Малої Антанти.This article is an interpretive study of the
defensive alliance set up in 1920 by
Czechoslovakia, Yugoslavia and Romania -
Little Entente in the interwar period. The main
causes and outward circumstances that gave
birth to this unique system of diplomatic
collaboration are examined. The peculiarities of
this process are consıdered ın the context of
world’s post-war order formation in Europe.
The article analyses the priority vectors of the
alliance’s activity, identifies the main problems
of its development. The author paid special
attention to highlighting thetendencies that had
played a destabilizing role in the Little Entente
and led toits breakup. In conclusion, the author
analyses effectiveness of the Little Entente in
preserving the peace in Central Europe
The influence of spatial variability of solar radiation on the mass balance of glaciers in the Grønfjorden Bay area (the Svalbard archipelago)
No full textIn this article, we investigate how the irregular insolation of two low-elevated Svalbard glaciers exerts effect on rates of their surface melting. We compare the spatial distribution of rates of the surface lowering of glaciers Vøringbreen (0.76 km2) and Aldegondabreen (5.5 km2), both are located near Barentsburg settlement in the western part of Nordenskiöld Land (the Spitsbergen Island). As an approximation of the solar radiation flux, we used the potential incoming solar radiation calculated by the ArcticDEM digital elevation model for the period July 15–September 15, which is a typical time of ice ablation in the region under consideration. Motions of both glaciers are extremely slow, which allows assuming that lowering of their surfaces are identical to the rates of surface melting. We have found that both glaciers are distinctly divided into two parts, more and less sunlit. The spatial pattern of insolation of the Vøringbreen glacier is controlled by the shading of the walls surrounding the cirque, while the Aldegondabreen one due to its concave shape has two different areas with a more southern and more northern exposure. The lowering of the surface shows that the more and less illuminated parts differ significantly in ice ablation. The maximum differences in melting caused by the irregular insolation are 2.1 m of ice depth over five years for the Aldegondabreen Glacier (2008–2013 and 2013–2018) and 2.2 m over six years for the Vøringbreen Glacier (2013–2019), that is 40, 30 and 25% of the total values of the surface depression for the corresponding periods. Within every 50-meter altitude interval, correlation coefficients between surface ablation and insolation vary from –0.33 to –0.62 for the Aldegondabreen and from –0.50 to –0.92 for the Vøringbreen glacier. When compared with the vertical gradient of the ice melting, the variability of ablation caused by the irregular insolation correspond to a difference in altitudes of 45–50 m in vertical for the Aldegondabreen and 60 m for Vøringbreen. These values are significant taking into account the small altitudinal range of the glaciers in that part of Spitsbergen
Role of the European Neighbourhood Policy and EU Initiatives in Ukrainian- Romanian Relations
No full textСтаття присвячена аналізу основних
європейських ініцатив, в рамках яких
відбувається українсько-румунське
співробітництво і визначенню рівня
їхнього впливу на розвиток двосторонніх
відносин. У статті розглядається роль
розширення ЄС 2007 р. у розвитку
відносин між Києвом та Бухарестом.
Вказується, що розширення сприяло появі
нових механізмів посилення двосторонньої
взаємодії на регіональному та загально-
європейському рівнях за допомогою
програм та ініціатив ЄС, і водночас
знизило потенціал співробітництва між
двома державами через вигідніше
становище Румунії як країни-члена ЄС.
Автором визначені основні відмінності у
сприйнятті обома державами
запроваджених Євросоюзом ініціатив.
Проаналізовані пріоритетні напрямки
міждержавної взаємодії в рамках
Європейської політики сусідства та її
регіональних ініціатив, виокремлені
головні проблеми та досягнення
двосторонньої співпраці.The article is devoted to the analysis of
the main European initiatives in the
framework of which Ukrainian-Romanian
cooperation takes place and to the
determination of the extent to wich they
influence on the bilateral relations' evolution.
The article examines the role of EU
enlargement in 2007 in the development of
relations between Kyiv and Bucharest. It is
pointed out that with the EU enlarging of the
east and new opportunities for deepening
interstate cooperation emerging, the
Ukrainian-Romanian relations have received
additional mechanisms for the development of
dialogue and cooperation between two
countries on the basis of strategic
partnership. The author identifies the main
differences in the two countries' perception of
EU initiatives. The priority directions of
interstate cooperation in the framework of the
European Neighborhood Policy and its
regional initiatives are analyzed, the main
problems and achievements of bilateral
cooperation are singled out. The results of the
study prove that despite the existing
difficulties in interstate relations, the parties
have a fairly extensive potential for further
cooperation. Both countries are interested in
Ukraine's integration into the EU,
development of transport infrastructure,
culture and tourism, environmental
protection
Uncertainty Assessment for Mean Snow Cover Depth Derived from Direct Measurements on Aldegondabreen Glacier (Svalbard)
No full textThis study introduces an empirical equation allowing to estimate an uncertainty of area-averaged snow depth on the Aldegondabreen Glacier, computed from standard snow surveys and made by an avalanche probe or by similar equipment. The two-decade history of the ongoing mass-balance monitoring program on this glacier shows that the methodology of field work on snow-measuring survey varies somewhat from year to year: the number and location of measurement points change. To identify and quantify long-term trends and variations in snow cover, it is crucial to assess the inter-comparability of the data in the obtained measurement series. The proposed equation was intended to solve this task basing on the collected data only, allowing to estimate the uncertainty even retrospectively. To build this equation, we applied a bootstrap statistical approach to the results of snow surveys carried out in Svalbard in 2015–2021. After interpolating the field measurements, obtained rasters were sampled sequentially with different numbers of points, simulating the real snow survey. The points were initially located in a form of a quasiregular grid and then randomly shifted between the iterations. After a thousand simulations for each number of points, the standard deviations were calculated relative to the “true” values, derived from corresponding rasters. These standard deviations, which we admit to be a random error of the area-averaged snow depth value, expectedly decrease with the number of sampling points and increase with the coefficient of variation ( ). The well-known index indirectly characterizes the irregularity of snow cover. After approximating the bootstrap results, the authors derived an equation that yields a relative error. The equation includes only two predictors which are the probing density per area unit and the , which potentially allows using it for the other glaciers. However, the universality of the empirically obtained coefficients is debatable, since they may vary due toa glacier size, its morphology and other parameters
Comparison of Atmospheric Circulation in the Area of Spitsbergen in 1920–1950 and in the Modern Warming Period
No full textGlocalisation of global market forces and the repositioning of a peripheral Russian mining community
No full textIncreasing globalisation and global market forces shape the development of resource peripheries in the Barents region. Foreign direct investments are concrete example of global market forces. Their glocalisation forces the locals to evaluate their consequences for the local development and reposition their communities in global context. This article studies glocalisation of global market forces and preferred directions of repositioning of a peripheral single-industry mining community in the Russian Barents region. The study is based on a case study of local opinions about actual and potential external actors in the economic development of Kovdor, located in the Murmansk region. The paper analyses the preferred owner of the town-constituting enterprise and the local opinions about the EU, USA and China as potential investors to the case study community. The study reveals how local opinions about external forces in the local development are related to local life-worlds. Moreover, the paper shows the impact that economic, political, cultural, historical and technological factors have in forming these opinions about potential foreign investors. The study shows generally positive local opinions about FDI. However, significant differences were found in opinions about different investing countries.publishedVersio
- …
