1,720,954 research outputs found
Developing consistency by consensus: Avoiding fiat in language revitalization
Get PDFLinguistic !eld work in Tlingit is occurring cooperatively within a triangle of linguists, teachers, and speakers who collaborate electronically and in person between Vancouver, British Columbia, Amherst, Massachusetts, and Juneau, Alaska. Their work makes it into the classroom almost immediately as they collectively refine methods of language documentation, teaching, and revitalization. While the group that works at the deepest linguistic levels of the language is small, they are wide ranging in their backgrounds and geographic locations. This makes small- group email messages and discussions the method of reaching consensus, which opens the door for quick decisions that are then implemented in documentation and teaching methodologies.
Historically, Tlingit has been impacted the most by external forces. At times, those were devastating entities like boarding schools, missionaries, and community-wide racism. At others, they were miraculous in terms of language documentation and curriculum development by missionaries and linguists. Today, There are three highly active linguists, in three different locations, and each of them are making tremendous contributions in documenting and understanding linguistic phenomena that native speakers knew intrinsically, but that teachers and students often found difficult if not impossible to document and predict. These three are all working with varying degrees of traits that are external and internal to Tlingit land, culture, and language.
There is a non-Tlingit linguist, (co-author), living in Juneau and having the most direct contact with fluent speakers, and often is associated with some of the largest gatherings of speakers of Tlingit today. Then there is the first Tlingit linguist, (author), who is studying outside of Tlingit country and feeding materials into the classroom and through speakers remotely, and is creating handbooks and presentations that will change the way Tlingit verbs and grammar are understood, taught, and learned. Finally, there is a non-Tlingit linguist (co-author), living in Massachusetts and helping refine some of the little-understood territories within Tlingit, like insubordinate clauses and other phenomena.
The linguistic discoveries made by these three are implemented into newly developing curriculum and teaching methodologies by the author. He is the first tenure-track faculty in Alaska Native Languages at the university and works collaboratively with the co-authors, and local speakers and teachers to implement shifts in language documentation and teaching. These linguistic activities are combining with an promotional campaign that is initiating a true revitalization for the Tlingit language
Across mountain and sea: Bringing language to linguists
No full textWe report on a project bringing Tlingit language speakers to the University of British Columbia (UBC) as resident consultants for one academic year. Spearheaded by community members, this project contributes to a model of “best practices” (Penfield et al. 2008) for community-based language research.
Our goal was to establish a sustainable long-term collaboration by building community and scholarly capacity for language revitalization, research, and training. Our successful integration of theory, practice, and application included:
(i) New relationships with fluent speakers from two Tlingit speech communities (Coastal and Inland). This is a breakthrough, as modern nation-state boundaries between Alaska (USA) and the Yukon Territory (Canada) have obscured traditional Coastal-Inland relations. To date, most linguistic research has focused on Coastal Tlingit, so having access to both varieties allows us to document previously un-described differences.
(ii) Student training for future work on the language: a field methods course parallels the research project, allowing us to train several undergraduate and graduate students, a subset of which continue to work on the language.
(iii) Collaboration between linguistic subfields: leveraging expertise in different subfields (phonology, syntax, semantics, linguistic ethnography, and language pedagogy) affords a breadth of scope that would otherwise be impossible.
(iv) Inter-institutional and international collaboration: the project involves two research institutions (UBC and University of Alaska Southeast) in two different countries (Canada, USA). This is especially important in Canada, as no Canadian-based research is currently conducted on Inland Tlingit.
(v) Outreach within the university community: the project features in the Language of the Year initiative undertaken by UBC Linguistics, which brings to the attention of the university community the contribution that field-based linguistic research makes to language stabilization and revitalization.
Bringing speakers to linguists — what we call the Convergent Streams model — used to be very common, but is no longer widely practiced. However, sustained involvement of linguists with different types of expertise over an extended period of time permits rapid advance across several domains and maximizes the impact of scholarly research on language teaching efforts. Our experience suggests that Convergent Streams is most effective when hosts involve administrators early, arrange culturally appropriate compensation such as honoraria rather than salaries, organize transport and accommodation, monitor wellness needs and ensure timely access to medical services, coordinate socio-cultural support by offering meaningful companionship, and have a plan for return to the community.
Penfield, Susan D., et al. (2008) Community collaborations: best practices for North American indigenous language documentation. International Journal of the Sociology of Language 191, 187-202
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
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