9 research outputs found
First Report of Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum Causing Shoot and Needle Blight of Pines (Pinus Spp.) in Turkey
No full textDervis, Sibel/0000-0002-4917-3813; Turkolmez, Sahimerdan/0000-0001-8775-5470
Neoscytalidium Dimidiatum as a Postharvest Pathogen Affecting Solanaceous Vegetables
No full textNeoscytalidium dimidiatum, a member of the Botryosphaeriaceae family, is an emerging global plant pathogen. Although recently reported on various hosts in T & uuml;rkiye, its impact on commercially available vegetables remained undocumented. This study provides the first report of N. dimidiatum causing postharvest decay in the eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), pepper (Capsicum annuum), potato (Solanum tuberosum), and tomato (Solanum lycopersicum) obtained from local Turkish markets in 2023. The pathogen was identified through morphological characterisation and molecular analysis targeting the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region, translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1), and beta-tubulin (tub2) gene sequences. The pathogenicity of N. dimidiatum was confirmed through Koch's postulates at 28 degrees C, and its temperature-dependent effects were assessed on solanaceous vegetables. Disease progression, measured by the area under the disease progress curve (AUDPC), was strongly influenced by temperature. No disease was observed at 12 degrees C. At 18 degrees C, limited disease development occurred in the eggplant and potato. AUDPC values increased significantly at 25 degrees C, generally peaking at 30 degrees C, with some hosts showing similar levels of disease severity at 35 degrees C. These findings highlight the critical role of postharvest temperature control, particularly rapid cooling and cold storage, in minimising losses caused by N. dimidiatum. This is the first report of N. dimidiatum as a postharvest pathogen affecting the eggplant, pepper, tomato fruits, and potato tubers, and the first record of this pathogen on the eggplant and pepper globally, expanding its known host range and reinforcing its significance as an emerging threat to global agriculture
First report of Phytophthora crown and root rot of cherry caused by Phytophthora palmivora in eastern Turkey
No full textCrown and root rot or decline is an increasing problem on sweet cherry in Mardin, Malatya, Elaz and Diyarbakr provinces in eastern Turkey. A survey was carried out during 2012-2014 in 120 commercial cherry orchards for disease symptoms, which included poor growth with sparse off-colour foliage, reddish-brown discolouration of the crown and roots, wilting and dieback of the canopy, and in many cases, tree death. Fifty-eight Phytophthora isolates obtained during the course of this 3-year survey were examined and identified as Phytophthora palmivora on the basis of morphological characteristics. BLAST analysis of ITS region sequences of rDNA of five isolates revealed 99-100% identity with reference isolates of P. palmivora from GenBank and Phytophthora database. Isolates of P. palmivora were pathogenic on 12-month-old potted Mahaleb' cherry (Prunus mahaleb L.) rootstock seedlings that were wound-inoculated on the roots and on the crown. Inoculated plants expressed similar symptoms to those observed in the field and almost all infected plants died within 3 months after transplanting. This study demonstrated that P. palmivora is the causal agent of cherry decline in eastern Turkey. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P. palmivora on this host plant. ResumeLa pourriture du collet et des racines, ou deperissement, constitue un probleme croissant chez le cerisier sauvage dans les provinces de Mardin, de Malatya, d'Elaz et de Diyarbakr de l'est de la Turquie. Une etude a ete menee de 2012 a 2014 dans 120 vergers commerciaux afin de deceler les symptomes de la maladie qui incluent la croissance mediocre accompagnee d'un feuillage clairseme de couleur atypique, la coloration brun-rougeatre du collet et des racines, le fletrissement et le deperissement de la cime et, dans plusieurs cas, la mort de l'arbre. Durant les trois annees qu'a dure cette etude, 58 isolats de Phytophthora ont ete examines et identifies, sur la base de leurs caracteres morphologiques, en tant que Phytophthora palmivora. L'analyse de type BLAST des sequences de l'espaceur transcrit interne de l'ADNr de cinq isolats a revele un taux d'identite de 99% a 100% par rapport aux isolats de reference de P. palmivora provenant de la GenBank et de la Phytophthora database. Les isolats de P. palmivora etaient virulents a l'egard de jeunes plants en pots de 12 mois sur porte-greffe de cerisier Mahaleb' (Prunus mahaleb L.) dont des blessures aux collets et aux racines avaient ete inoculees. Les plants inocules ont affiche des symptomes semblables a ceux observes sur le terrain, et presque tous les plants sont morts en moins de trois mois apres avoir ete transplantes. Cette etude a demontre que P. palmivora est l'agent causal du deperissement des cerisiers dans l'est de la Turquie. Pour autant que nous le sachions, il s'agit de la premiere mention de P. palmivora s'attaquant a cette plante hote.Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock of Republic of Turkey [TAGEM-BS-11/04-01/02-10]This study is a part of the project supported by Ministry of Food, Agriculture and Livestock of Republic of Turkey (Project Number: TAGEM-BS-11/04-01/02-10)
First report of Phytopythium litorale causing root rot of apple in Turkey
No full text[Anstract Not Available
First Report of Neoscytalidium dimidiatum Causing Dieback, Shoot Blight, and Branch Canker of Willow Trees in Turkey
No full text[Abstract Not Available
Survey of Turkish Strawberry Production Areas for Soil-borne Fungal Diseases
No full text[Abstract Not Available
New disease caused by Neoscytalidium dimidiatum devastates tomatoes (Solarium lycopersicum) in Turkey
No full textWOS: 000463126100004A novel disease of tomato (Solarium lycopersicum L.) was observed in the Southeast Anatolia Region of Turkey. Symptoms were blight of all aerial parts of the plant, including stems, branches, leaves, petioles, flowers and fruits, defoliation, root rot, inner stem necrosis, and plant death. The disease was found in 13.9% of surveyed fields, with an incidence varying from 3% to nearly 75% (average 21.2%) of the plants in symptomatic fields. The average severity of blight on stem in fields with the symptomatic plant surveyed was 1.4%. A Botryosphaeriaceae species, identified as Neoscytalidium dimidiatum (Penz.) Crous & Slippers using morphological and cultural features, was consistently isolated from symptomatic roots, inner stems, and blighted leaves, shoots, stems, fruits and flowers. The partial nucleotide sequence data for three gene loci, including nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS), large subunit (LSU) genes and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (TEF-1 alpha), confirmed the morphological identification. Furthermore, sequence data of actin genes from N. dimidiatwn was, for the first time, deposited to the GenBank. Koch's postulates were fulfilled by testing the susceptibility of different tomato tissues (leaves, stems, inner stems and roots of tomato seedlings, and detached tomato fruits and flowers) to N. dimidiatum inoculation. To our knowledge, this is the first report of N. dimidiatum on tomato
Phytophthora Crown and Root Rot of Apricot Caused by Phytophthora palmivora in Turkey
No full textForty-nine Phytophthora isolates were obtained from roots and crown of apricot trees with symptoms of decline grown in commercial orchards in Malatya, Elaz and Diyarbakr provinces, Turkey, in 2011 and 2013. All of the recovered isolates were identified as Phytophthora palmivora on the basis of morphological characteristics. Blast analysis of ITS region sequences of rDNA of 5 isolates revealed 100% identity with a reference isolates of P.palmivora from GenBank. Isolates of P.palmivora were pathogenic on 12-month-old wild apricot rootstock Zerdali' plants that were wound inoculated on the roots and on the crown. This study demonstrated that P.palmivora is the cause of the crown and root rot found on apricot in Turkey. To our knowledge, this is the first report of P.palmivora on this host plant.Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs of Republic of Turkey [TAGEM-BS-11/04-01/02-10]This study is a part of the project supported by Ministry of Agriculture & Rural Affairs of Republic of Turkey (Project Number: TAGEM-BS-11/04-01/02-10)
Phytopythium litorale: A Novel Killer Pathogen of Plane (Platanus orientalis) Causing Canker Stain and Root and Collar Rot
No full textDecline symptoms associated with lethal stem and branch canker stain along with root and collar rots were observed on 5- to 7-year-old roadside oriental plane trees (Platanus orientalis) in Diyarbakir, Turkey. Aboveground symptoms included leaf necrosis, leaf curling, extensive bluish or blackish staining of shoots, branches, stem bark, and wood surfaces, as well as stem cankers and exfoliation of branch bark scales. A general decline of the trees was distinctly visible from a distance. A Phytophthora/Pythium-like oomycete species with globose to ovoid, often papillate and internally proliferating sporangia was consistently isolated from the fine and coarse roots and stained branch parts and shoots. The pathogen was identified as Phytopythium litorale based on several morphological features. Partial DNA sequences of three loci, including nuclear rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) and the large ribosomal subunit (LSU), and mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase subunit II (coxII) confirmed the morphological identification. All P. litorale isolates were homothallic, developing gametangia, ornamented oogonia with elongate to lobate antheridia. Pathogenicity of P. litorale was tested by inoculation on excised shoots and by root inoculation on seedlings. P. litorale produced large lesions and blights on shoots in just 5 days and killed 100% of the seedlings in a month. This paper presents the first confirmed report of P. litorale as an important pathogen on a plant species causing branch and stem cankers, and root and collar rot, in and on P. orientalis, resulting in a rapid decline of trees and suggesting a threat to plane
