22 research outputs found
Amanullah Khan the period of Turk-Afghan relations (1919-1929)
No full textAfganistan bulunduğu coğrafi konum ve sahip olduğu stratejik önem nedeniyle, tarih sayfalarında kilit ve hedefteki ülke olarak yer almıştır. Bu düşüncenin doğal bir sonucu olarak M.Ö. 500'lü yılardan itibaren İranlılar, Makedonlar, Sakalar, Akhunlar, Araplar, Gazneliler, Harzemşahlar, Moğollar ve Babürler gibi birçok devlet tarafından ele geçirilen günümüzdeki Afganistan toprakları, sarp dağları ve sert coğrafyasıyla 1747 yılında Ahmet Şah Dürrani'nin oluşturduğu siyasi birlik adıyla bilinen Afganistan ve 19.yüzyılın başlarından itibaren İngiltere ve Çarlık Rusyası'nın hegemonya mücadelelerine ev sahipliği yapmış olup emperyalist güçlerle verdiği amansız mücadelelerden başarı ile çıkarak bağımsızlığını kazanmıştır. Babasının vefatından sonra 1919 yılında tahta çıkan Kral Amanullah Han, üçüncü Afgan-İngiliz savaşı sonrası Afganistan'ın bağımsızlığı için çabalarken, aynı tarihlerde Mustafa Kemal ATATÜRK de Türkiye'nin bütünlüğü ve bağımsızlığı için Türk ulusu ile beraber Kurtuluş mücadelesinin içindeydi. Bütün bu benzer gelişmeler içinde er ya da geç iki liderin yollarının kesişmesi de sürpriz olmamıştır. 1 Mart 1921 yılında ilk Türk-Afgan antlaşması Moskova'da yapılmış olup bu antlaşmadan sonra Türkiye, Afganistan'a bir temsilci göndermiş ve Afganistan da Türkiye'ye bir temsilci göndererek siyasi ilişkiler başlamıştır. Aynı zamanda Afganistan bağımsızlığını kazandıktan sonra ülkeye yönelik reformlara başlayan Kral Amanullah Han ilk isyanla 1924 yılında karşılamıştır. Türkiye ile Afganistan arasındaki ilişkiler, Kral Amanullah Han'ın Türkiye'yi ziyareti ile daha üst düzeyde yükselmiştir. Kendisi bir asker olan Mustafa Kemal Atatürk sahip olduğu ileri görüşlülük ve jeopolitik kültür ile Türkiye'nin konumunu çok iyi değerlendirmiş, ülkeyi o dönemde akıl ve bilimin öncüsü olan batıya doğru götürmeyi hedeflerken bile doğudan ilgisini kesmemiş ve Türkiye'nin doğusunda yer alan Türk ve İslam ülkeleriyle yakından ilgilenmiştir. Orta Asya Türk dünyasının güney ucunda yer alan ve genç Türkiye Cumhuriyeti'ni tüm Müslüman halkların kurtarıcısı olarak gören Afganistan, Türklerin dünyaya açılan kapısı olduğunu Mustafa Kemal Atatürk iyi değerlendirmiş ve bu sebeple Afganistan'a özel bir önem vermiştir. Bu doğrultuda Afganistan ile 25 Mayıs 1928 tarihinde ikinci antlaşmalarını imzalanmış ve Türkiye ile Afganistan iki dost ülke olarak geleceğe doğru daha da ilişkilerini güçlendirerek bir dayanışma içine girmişlerdir. Mustafa Kemal Atatürk ve Amanullah Han'ın, Afganistan'ın modern bir ülke haline getirme düşüncesi içinde oldukları açıkça anlaşılmaktadır. Ancak Afganistan'ın toplumsal dinamiklerinin katılığı, Amanullah Han ülkenin nabzını iyi tutamaması ve aceleci yaklaşımları sebebiyle büyük bir hayal kırıklığına uğramış ve isyanlar ve ayaklanmalar sebebiyle tahtı bırakarak ülkeden uzaklaşmak zorunda kalmıştır. Anahtar Kelimeler: Afganistan, Amanullah Han, Ankara, Moskova, Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk), Türkiye Büyük Millet Meclisi, Türkiye Cumhuriyeti.Afghanistan is due to its geographical position and the strategic importance of having, in the pages of history it has taken place in the country and lock the target. As an outgrowth of this idea B.C. 500's since the year Iranians, Macedonians, Jokes, Akkhunians, Arabs, Gazneinans, Kharazımshas, Mongols and Mughals as seized by many states current Afghan territory, steep mountains and the harsh geograph In 1747 Ahmad Shah Durrani created by the political union known as the Afghanistan and since the early 19th century Britain and Tsarist Russia has hosted the struggle for hegemony given the relentless struggle with the imperialist powers Taking gained independence with success. After his father's death in 1919, the board of King Amanullah Khan, After the third Afghan-British war strive for the independence of Afghanistan, By the same date Mustafa Kemal Ataturk in Turkey's integrity and independence of the Turkish nation was in the liberation struggle with. Similar improvements in all this sooner or later the road was not surprised at the intersection of the two leaders. 1 March 1921 In the first Turkish-Afghan agreement is made in Moscow after this treaty Turkey has sent a representative to Afghanistan Afghanistan and political relations began sending a representative to Turkey. At the same time after winning the independence of Afghanistan began to reform the country for the first revolt was met King Amanullah Khan in 1924. The relations between Turkey and Afghanistan, King Amanullah Khan's visit to Turkey has risen to a higher level. He is a soldier, Mustafa Kemal Ataturk owned foresight and culture of Turkey's geopolitical position has been very well evaluated, at that time the country's leading science and reason, which aims to bring even been cutting interest westward from the east and the east of Turkey and Turkey has been concerned with Islamic countries. Central Asian Turks to located and young Republic of Turkey on the southern end of the world all the Islamic nations of the Savior in seeing Afghanistan evaluated the Turks is the gateway to the world of Mustafa Kemal Ataturk well and has a special importance, therefore, of Afghanistan. In this regard, they entered the second agreement signed on 25 May 1928 and the two friendly countries as Afghanistan and Turkey and Afghanistan into further strengthening the solidarity relationship into the future. Mustafa Kemal Ataturk, and Amanullah Khan, in Afghanistan it is clear that the idea of making a modern country. However, the social dynamic stiffness of Afghanistan, Amanullah Khan was forced to escape the country's pulse and AMAS good pinch hasty approach due undergone a major disappointment and rebellion and revolt due to the country flowing throne here. Key Words: Afghanistan, Amanullah Khan, Ankara, Moskova, Mustafa Kemal (Atatürk), Turkish National Assamble, Turkish Repablic
Novel CO2 Separation Membranes
No full textUsing membranes for CO2 capture has gained recent prominence in the global scientific community due to its lower capital cost and a quicker separation performance than the conventional separation methods. The membrane process features desirable properties, like compactness, energy efficiency, and environmental friendliness. Various polymeric and inorganic materials have been tested both as unique ingredients and blends to form CO2 separation membranes with a focus on increasing the performance but have had varying rates of success. For commercial viability, the membrane sector requires new techniques and testing materials to lower the cost of CO2 capture. Recently, thermally rearranged polymers, intrinsic microporous polymers, ionic liquid inclusion as fillers, and binary fillers have all emerged as novel trends, focusing on enhancing the working efficiency and sustainability of the membranes. This chapter explores the most recent advances in membrane technology and its future prospects as a sustainable solu ion towards carbon dioxide capture. This Page is compulsory Book Title – Sustainable Carbon Capture: Technologies and Applications Chapter Author(s) – Asif Jamil, Department of Chemical Polymer and Composite Material Engineering, University of Engineering and Technology (New Campus), Lahore, Pakistan, [email protected] Muhammad Latif, Institute of Energy and Environmental Engineering, University of the Punjab, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan, [email protected] Alamin Idris Abdulgadir, Department of Engineering and Chemical Sciences, Karlstad University, SE-651 88 Karlstad, Sweden, [email protected] Danial Qadir, Centre for Sustainable Engineering, Teesside University, Middlesbrough, United Kingdom, [email protected] Hafiz Abdul Mannan, Institute of Polymer and Textile Engineering, University of the Punjab, 54590, Lahore, Pakistan, [email protected]</p
Peranan Mediator dalam Proses Penyelesaian Perselisihan Hubungan Industrial (Studi Kasus Dinas Tenaga Kerja Provinsi Sumatera Utara)
No full textDinas Tenaga Kerja Provinsi Sumatera Utara sebagai lembaga pemerintah yang
menangani langsung masalah hubungan industrial. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk
mengetahui bagaimana Peranan Mediator dalam proses penyelesaian perselisihan
hubungan industrial, selain itu penulis juga ingin mengetahui bagaimana kendala-kendala
dalam proses penyelesaian perselisihan hubungan kerja. Teknik penelitian
yang digunakan adalah metode penelitian kualitatif dengan wawancara langsung,
observasi dan dokumentasi yang terkait dengan penelitian. Dari teknik penelitian
ini diperoleh informan, yang terdiri dari Kepala Bidang Hubungan Industrial Dan
Kepala Seksi Bidang Hubungan Industrial Dan Mediator Dinas Tenaga Kerja.
Berdasarkan penelitian yang dilakukan, maka didapat beberapa temuan bahwa
Pejabat Fungsional Dinas Tenaga Kerja Provinsi Sumatera adalah Mediator yang
memiliki peranan dalam melakukan pembinaan tentang hubungan
industrial, melakukan pengembangan hubungan industrial, pengembangan ini
merupakan bimbingan teknis kepada pekerja dan pengusaha dimana mediator
berperan sebagai narasumber. Kendala dalam Proses Penyelesaian Perselisihan
Hubungan Industrial yaitu perselisihan yang tidak dapat terselesaikan oleh
Mediator merupakan kendala bagi mediator tersebut.The North Sumatra Provincial Manpower Office as a government agency that
deals directly with industrial relations issues. This study aims to find out how the
role of the Mediator in the process of resolving industrial relations disputes, in
addition the author also wants to know how the obstacles in the process of
resolving labor relations disputes. The research technique used is qualitative
research methods with direct interviews, observations and documentation related
to research. From this research technique obtained by informants, consisting of
the Head of Industrial Relations and Head of Section for Industrial Relations and
Mediators of the Manpower Office. Based on the research conducted, it was found several findings that the Functional Officials of the Sumatra Provincial
Manpower Office are mediators who have a role in conducting guidance on
industrial relations, carrying out industrial relations development, this
development is technical guidance to workers and employers where the mediator
acts as a resource. Constraints in the Industrial Relations Dispute Settlement
Process, namely disputes that cannot be resolved by the Mediator are obstacles
for the mediator
Development of A Controller Board For Biologically Inspired Robot
No full textPIC-based controller board is expected to be the basic platform with adequate
1/Os for the functioning of autonomous mobile robot. The purpose of this project is to
develop a controller board for biologically inspired robot. This project focuses on
dividing the five categories which are currently being placed in a board, into five
different boards which are power, communication, microcontroller, inputs, and
outputs. The circuits are design using Protel, an electronic design software that bring
together the traditionally separate disciplines of board design, programmable
hardware design and software development. The author started this project with
literature review to get some knowledge and continue with designing the circuits.
Next, the author proceeds with set up the components fabricate them and lastly, test
the circuits. At the end, this project will produce the most suitable controller board
that can be applied to biologically inspired robot
Mesoporous carbon synthesized from different pore sizes of SBA-15 for high density electrode supercapacitor application
No full textConservation in an Islamic context a case study of Makkah
No full textThe Holy Qu’ rān contains many injunctions for Muslims to respect and conserve the natural environment but few address the built environment. Habitat at the time of the Prophet (PBOH) was in the vernacular and relatively impermanent. The first habitat was the cave, the second the tent and then simple flat roofed buildings of post and lintel construction made of mud and rubble. Later buildings were not indigenous but reflected the architectural styles and techniques of Muslim pilgrims from beyond the Arabian Peninsula. Permanent exotic buildings were later erected as reminders of holy places and events. This work advances a case to restore and preserve historic and religious sites in Makkah, Saudi Arabia. Makkah is the destination for millions of Muslim pilgrims who annually pay homage to Allah during the occasions of Hajj, Ramadan and Umra. The tranquillity and peaceful ambience that one associates with the holiest of Islamic experiences have, over the years, given way to jostling crowds of people who must be expediently housed, fed, transported, and protected. Due to the lack of planning and the insensitive but profitable development of the city, Makkah is in grave danger of becoming a bustling metropolis instead of a sanctuary where pilgrims gather to perform their religious rites and reaffirm their dedication to Allah. The author calls for professional planning and international cooperation to guide future development for this expanding and sensitive area. The author's ideas are grounded in practical and aesthetic study, therefore, the political, environmental and economic issues are examined in relationship to religious, historic and artistic values. The author makes proposals for a future Makkah that would provide pilgrims with the physical comforts, security, and serene environment they deserve—without destroying the city they came to visit. The author discusses preservation and conservation in the western world and the need for their acceptance in Muslim countries, the former being an aesthetic and intellectual concept sustained by law and the latter being the prescribed free expression of the individual unhindered by material considerations. Both worlds are rapidly being overwhelmed by materialism, but body, mind and spirit combine in making us aware of our surroundings and the way in what we see around us has come into being
Design Of Switched Reluctance Motor Using Finite Element Method
No full textThis paper presents a design of switched reluctance motor (SRM) for electric scooter using an empirical method. A common experience designer usually designs an electric motor by analytical or magnetic field analysis. It provides difficulties for those who have lacks of experience on designing reluctance motor. So this paper aim to produce a guidelines to construct a switched reluctance motor. In this paper switched reluctance motor is modelled using an empirical method and established for a quick references by selecting geometry of SRM in other previous literature. Later, the designed model is analyzed using ANSYS Maxwell finite elements software. The initial SRM design has been developed and analyzed using RMxprt tools for preliminary parameter. Next, the model will be tesedt using Maxwell two dimensional with standard external circuit excitation to expect the output performance The same model in Maxwell two dimensional has been excited with phase voltage excitation sequences to achieve less torque ripple. The expectation from this simulation is to determine the speed torque profile by using two method as above mentiond. Anticipation from the modeling, the output speed torque profile is achieved
Endothelin-1 (ET-1) promotes a proinflammatory microglia phenotype in diabetic conditions
No full textDiabetes increases the risk and severity of cognitive impairment, especially after ischemic stroke. It is also known that the activation of the endothelin (ET) system is associated with cognitive impairment and microglia around the periinfarct area produce ET-1. However, little is known about the effect of ET-1 on microglial polarization, especially under diabetic conditions. We hypothesized that (i) ET-1 activates microglia to the proinflammatory M-1-like phenotype and (ii) hypoxia/ lipopolysaccharide (LPS) activates the microglial ET system and promotes microglial activation towards the M-1 phenotype in diabetic conditions. Microglial cells (C8B4) cultured under normal-glucose (25 mmol/L) conditions and diabetes-mimicking high-glucose (50 mmol/L) conditions for 48 h were stimulated with ET-1, cobalt chloride (200 μmol/L), or LPS (100 ng/mL) for 24 h. PPET-1, ET receptor subtypes, and M1/M2 marker gene mRNA expression were measured by RT-PCR. Secreted ET-1 was measured by ELISA. A high dose of ET-1 (1 μmol/L) increases the mRNA levels of ET receptors and activates the microglia towards the M1 phenotype. Hypoxia or LPS activates the ET system in microglial cells and shifts the microglia towards the M1 phenotype in diabetic conditions. These in vitro observations warrant further investigation into the role of ET-1-mediated activation of proinflammatory microglia in post-stroke cognitive impairment in diabetes.The presentation of the authors' names and (or) special characters in the title of the pdf file of the accepted manuscript may differ slightly from what is displayed on the item page. The information in the pdf file of the accepted manuscript reflects the original submission by the author
Author Correction: Qualitative analysis and chaotic behavior of respiratory syncytial virus infection in human with fractional operator
No full textBreast Cancer Management Research Trends: A Bibliometric Analysis
No full textBreast cancer is the most prevalent type of cancer in women and has a significant economic impact worldwide. Consequently, there is a need to analyze the disease's research trend academically to determine the breast cancer publishing trend based on a certain period of its collection properties. Bibliometric analysis is used to examine the research trend in breast cancer care through time using various data. Several tools, including the PRISMA flow diagram, Microsoft Excel for frequency analysis, Harzing's Publish or Perish for citation metrics and other pertinent analyses, and VOSviewer for image visualization and bibliometric networks, were used to study this article. Using the TITLE search strategy and the Scopus database, 3,532 articles were located. It was discovered that the trends in research publications rose steadily from one year to the next. Between 1932 and 2021, 3,532 publications will be produced with a total of 61,274 citations, which breaks down to 688.47 citations per year, 17.35 citations per cited paper, and 4.02 citations per author. The United States, Italy, and the United Kingdom have produced the most co-authored works in this discipline. Even though the annual incidence rate of breast cancer remains high, these findings appear promising for determining the most effective treatments, procedures, and management strategies. The guideline standard requires further attention at a higher level
