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Źródła finansowania inwestycji gminnych w latach 2011-2013 na przykładzie gminy Tuchów
No full textWielość inwestycji podejmowanych przez gminy wpływa na tempo ich rozwoju oraz świadczy o stanie kondycji finansowej. Gminna działalność inwestycyjna w znacznej mierze uwarunkowana jest realizacją zadań bieżących, gdyż tylko pełne ich wykonanie daje możliwość jej podjęcia. Pokrycie zadań bieżących gminy często pochłania zaś większość jej środków budżetowych. Dlatego musi ona szukać nowych źródeł finansowania inwestycji, pamiętając jednocześnie, że powinna tego dokonać w sposób najbardziej dla niej korzystny. Celem pracy jest zaprezentowanie inwestycji w gminie Tuchów wraz z analizą źródeł ich finansowania. Analiza ta dotyczy okresu przypadającego na lata 2011-2013. Praca składa się z czterech rozdziałów. Rozdział pierwszy dokonuje charakterystyki gminy pod kątem jej usytuowania w strukturze samorządu terytorialnego. Opisano w nim pojęcie, zakres działania i zadania gminy, zaprezentowano organy gminy oraz wyjaśniono mechanizm nadzoru nad jej działalnością. Rozdział drugi skupia się na inwestycjach komunalnych jako podstawowym czynniku warunkującym prawidłowy rozwój każdej gminy. Przedstawia pojęcie, cechy oraz klasyfikację tych inwestycji, a także opisuje źródła ich finansowania. Rozdział trzeci zawiera charakterystykę gminy Tuchów. Zamieszczono w nim najistotniejsze informacje dotyczące jej położenia, historii, środowiska naturalnego oraz infrastruktury technicznej i społecznej. Tutaj też dokonano dla tej gminy analizy SWOT. Rozdział czwarty – empiryczny, to analiza prowadzonej przez gminę Tuchów polityki inwestycyjnej, przypadającej na lata 2011-2013. Opisuje on sytuację finansową gminy w tym okresie, przedstawia podjęte przez nią działania inwestycyjne oraz ukazuje źródła ich finansowania. Zamieszczona w tym rozdziale ocena najistotniejszych inwestycji zrealizowanych w gminie w tym okresie dowodzi, że mają one kluczowe znaczenie zarówno dla samej gminy, jak i dla jej mieszkańców.The scale of investments carried out by communes affects the pace of their development and indicates their financial position. Communal investment activity is, in great measure, conditioned by current tasks, because there is not a possibility to undertake this activity without their full implementation. However, most of the commune’s budget is used to cover its current tasks. Due to this the commune needs to look for new sources of financing the investments. Yet, it must not forget that it must be done in the most favourable manner for itself. The aim of this thesis is to present the Tuchów Commune investments, together with the analysis of the sources of their financing. This analysis covers the period between the years 2011-2013. The thesis consists of four chapters. The first chapter characterizes the commune in relation to its position in the structure of the local government. It describes the term, range of activity of the commune and its tasks. It presents the commune bodies and gives explanation of the supervisory mechanism used for its activities. The second chapter is focused on communal investments as a basic factor conditioning the development of every commune. It presents terms, features and the classification of these investments and describes sources of their financing. The third chapter contains the characteristics of the Tuchów Commune. There are mentioned the most important information concerning its location, history, natural environment and technical and social infrastructure. This is also the place where the SWOT analysis for the commune was made. Chapter four – empirical, is an analysis of the investment policy of the Tuchów Commune in the years 2011-2013. It describes the commune financial situation in this period, presents investments undertaken by itself and the sources of their financing. The assessment of the most important investments carried out in the commune in this period was included in this chapter. It proves that they are crucial both for the commune and its residents
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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