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Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Get PDFThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Get PDF“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Get PDFWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Dispelling the Myths Behind First-author Citation Counts
Get PDFWe conducted a full-scale evaluative citation analysis study of scholars in the XML research field to explore just how different from each other author rankings resulting from different citation counting methods actually are, and to demonstrate the capability of emerging data and tools on the Web in supporting more realistic citation counting methods. Our results contest some common arguments for the continued
use of first-author citation counts in the evaluation of scholars, such as high correlations between author rankings by first-author citation counts and other citation
counting methods, and high costs of using more realistic citation counting methods that are not well-supported by the ISI databases. It is argued that increasingly available digital full text research papers make it possible for citation analysis studies to go beyond what the ISI databases have directly supported and to employ more
sophisticated methods
koamabayili/VECTRON-author-checklist: VECTRON author checklist
No full textWe have done our best to complete the author checklist relating to the use of animals in the hut study. Note that the objective for the hut study was to evaluate the IRS treatment applications for residual efficacy against Anopheles mosquitoes, including the local An. coluzzii mosquito population. Cows were only used to attract mosquitoes into the huts and no tests were carried out directly on the cows. The author checklist is intended for use with studies where experiments are carried out on animals, which is why we have had such difficulty in completing this for the hut study, as many of the questions do not relate to how the cows were used
Author-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.
No full textAuthor-wise bibliometric analysis based on entropy.</p
O (in)sucesso escolar no 1º ano dos cursos de licenciatura em Engenharia em Angola : realidades, complexidades e possibilidades segundo a perceção de professores e alunos
Get PDFA democratização das sociedades e do ensino no século XX trouxe como consequência a massificação do ensino nos vários níveis do sistema escolar. No ensino superior esta realidade manifesta-se através da presença de um público cada vez mais crescente e heterogéneo e duma universidade que se mostra algo desadaptada para acompanhar alunos com perfis socioeconómicos, culturais e académicos diferenciados, com diferentes ritmos de aprendizagem, e muitos deles com percursos escolares marcados pelo insucesso escolar.
Nesta conformidade a presente investigação visou analisar os fatores determinantes do insucesso e sucesso escolar no 1º ano dos cursos de engenharia segundo a perceção dos professores e alunos de instituições do ensino superior de Angola. Foi utilizada uma metodologia mista. Destarte, foi aplicado um questionário sobre o sucesso e insucesso escolar a 23 professores de vários cursos de engenharia (91% homens e 9% mulheres) e a 491 alunos (76% homens e 24% mulheres) do 1º ano de engenharia. Para gerar informações de natureza qualitativa e favorecer a triangulação de dados, entrevistaram-se também 10 professores (70% homens e 30% mulheres) que lecionavam no 1º ano dos cursos de engenharia, sobretudo professores que lecionavam unidades curriculares com elevados índices de insucesso escolar, e foram organizados 6 focus group com 64 estudantes (63% homens e 37% mulheres) que estavam na condição de repetentes de uma ou mais unidades curriculares do 1º ano dos cursos de engenharia em Angola.
Os fatores de insucesso e sucesso escolar no 1º ano de engenharia identificadas pelos professores e alunos estão relacionados com os professores, os alunos, a instituição de ensino e as políticas educativas. Os resultados deste estudo apontam para discordâncias significativas entre professores e alunos sobre os fatores de insucesso escolar no 1º ano dos cursos de engenharia, sendo que os professores tendem a externalizar as causas do insucesso escolar atribuindo a grande parte da responsabilidade aos alunos. Os alunos, por seu turno, parecem identificar como responsáveis do insucesso escolar os dois atores do processo de ensino-aprendizagem, o aluno e o professor.
Segundo as perceções dos professores e alunos, as causas do insucesso escolar na esfera dos professores prendem-se essencialmente com as estratégias ineficazes de ensino, a avaliação de cariz sumativa, o distanciamento do professor em relação aos alunos, a inflexibilidade curricular e o défice de formação dos professores; na esfera dos alunos, as causas do insucesso estão relacionadas com o rendimento académico prévio, a falta de motivação intrínseca, o baixo envolvimento do estudante, a transição e adaptação ao ensino superior e as dificuldades sociais e económicas dos alunos; na esfera da instituição de ensino e políticas educativas, temos a falta de visão da liderança, os desajustes curriculares, a língua de ensino, o desajuste entre o curso frequentado no ensino superior e o projeto vocacional do estudante e a superlotação das turmas.
Quanto aos fatores de sucesso escolar dos alunos no 1º ano dos cursos de engenharia os dados apontam para uma aproximação de perceções entre professores e alunos. Na esfera dos professores, os fatores de sucesso escolar estão relacionados essencialmente com o facto de ter professores que podem inspirar os alunos e as competências pedagógicas dos professores; na esfera dos alunos, os fatores de sucesso escolar prendem-se com um maior envolvimento do estudante (independentemente das bases que ele possa ter no início do curso superior), a motivação intrínseca, a maturidade, a orientação vocacional e a capacidade de raciocinar logicamente. Contudo, uma preparação académica anterior consistente e ligada à área ou curso de formação superior parece influenciar bastante na aprendizagem e no desempenho académico dos alunos no 1º ano dos cursos de engenharia; na esfera da instituição de ensino e das políticas educativas a promoção do sucesso escolar requer uma maior atenção na flexibilização curricular (diferenciação pedagógica), a tutoria, a formação dos professores e o apoio social. Foram analisadas e discutidas as implicações destes resultados nas práticas educativas e sugeridas pistas de reflexão para investigações futuras no âmbito da promoção do sucesso escolar no 1º ano do ensino superior.The democratization of societies and education in the twentieth century has resulted in the massification of education at various levels of the school system. In higher education this reality manifests itself through the presence of an increasingly growing and heterogeneous public and a university that is unsuitable to accompany students with different socioeconomic, cultural and academic profiles, with different learning rates, and many of them with school paths marked by school failure. The present investigation aimed to analyze the determinants of school failure and success in the 1st year of engineering courses according to the perception of teachers and students from higher education institutions in Angola. A mixed method was used. Thus, a questionnaire on school success and failure applied to 23 teachers from various engineering courses (91% men and 9% women) and 491 students (76% men and 24% women) from the 1st year of engineering. To generate qualitative information and favor data triangulation, 10 teachers (70% men and 30% women) who taught in the 1st year of engineering courses were also interviewed, especially teachers who taught curricular units with high rates of school failure, and 6 focus groups were organized with 64 students (63% men and 37% women) who were repeat students of one or more curricular units of the 1st year of engineering courses in Angola. The factors of school failure and success in the 1st year of engineering identified by teachers and students are related to teachers, students, the educational institution and educational policies. The results of this study point to significant disagreements between teachers and students on the factors of school failure in the 1st year of engineering courses, with teachers tending to externalize the causes of school failure, attributing a large part of the responsibility to students. The students seem to identify as responsible for the school failure the two actors of the teaching-learning process, the student and the teacher. According to the perceptions of teachers and students, the causes of school failure in the sphere of teachers are related to ineffective teaching strategies, summative assessment, the distance between the teacher and the students, the inflexibility curriculum and teacher training deficit; in the students' sphere, the causes of failure are related to previous academic performance, lack of intrinsic motivation, low student involvement, transition and adaptation to higher education and the social and economic difficulties of students; in the sphere of the educational institution and educational policies, we have a lack of vision of leadership, curricular imbalances, the language of instruction, the mismatch between the course attended in higher education and the student's vocational project and overcrowding of classes. As for the school success factors of students in the 1st year of engineering courses, the data point to an approximation of perceptions between teachers and students. In the sphere of teachers, the factors of school success are related to the fact that they have teachers who can inspire students and the pedagogical skills of teachers; in the sphere of students, the factors of school success are related to a greater involvement of the student (regardless of the basis he may have at the beginning of the higher education course), intrinsic motivation, maturity, vocational orientation and the ability to reason logically. However, a previous academic preparation consistent and linked to the area or course of higher education seems to have a great influence on students' learning and academic performance in the 1st year of engineering courses; in the sphere of the educational institution and educational policies, the promotion of school success requires greater attention to curriculum flexibility (pedagogical differentiation), tutoring, teacher training and social support. The implications of these results for educational practices were analyzed and discussed and suggested avenues for reflection for future research in promoting school success in the first year of higher education
Author Under Sail The Imagination of Jack London, 1893-1902
No full textIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Intro -- Title Page -- Copyright Page -- Dedication -- Contents -- Acknowledgments -- Introduction -- 1. Spirit Truth -- 2. From Absorption to Theatricality and Back Again -- 3. "I Will Build a New Present" -- 4. Sons as Authors -- 5. Fathers as Publishers -- 6. The Daughter as Author -- 7. Lovers as Authors -- 8. At Sea with the Family -- 9. Yellow News, Yellow Stories -- 10. The Return Home -- Notes -- Bibliography -- Index -- About Jay WilliamsIn Author Under Sail, Jay Williams offers the first complete literary biography of Jack London as a professional writer engaged in the labor of writing. It examines the authorial imagination in London's work, the use of imagination in both his fiction and nonfiction, and the ways he defined imagination in the creative process in his business dealings with his publishers, editors, and agents. In this first volume of a two-volume biography, Williams traverses the years 1893 to 1902, from London's "Story of a Typhoon" to The People of the Abyss. The Jack London who emerges in the pages of Author Under Sail is a writer whose partnership with publishers, most notably his productive alliance with George Brett of Macmillan, was one of the most formative in American literary history. London pioneered many author models during the heyday of realism and naturalism, blurring the boundaries of these popular genres by focusing on absorption and theatricality and the representation of the seen and unseen. London created an impassioned, sincere, and extremely personal realism unlike that of other American writers of the time. Author Under Sail is a literary tour de force that reveals the full range of London as writer, creative citizen, and entrepreneur at the same time it sheds light on the maverick side of machine-age literature.Description based on publisher supplied metadata and other sources.Electronic reproduction. Ann Arbor, Michigan : ProQuest Ebook Central, YYYY. Available via World Wide Web. Access may be limited to ProQuest Ebook Central affiliated libraries
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