48 research outputs found
The tale of two climates - Baltimore and Phoenix urban LTER sites
No full textabstract: Two Long-Term Ecological Research (LTER) sites now include urban areas (Baltimore, Maryland and Phoenix, Arizona). A goal of LTER in these cities is to blend physical and social science investigations to better understand urban ecological change. Research monitoring programs are underway to investigate the effects of urbanization on ecosystems. Climate changes in these urban areas reflect the expanding population and associated land surface modifications. Long-term urban climate effects are detectable from an analysis of the GHCN (Global Historical Climate Network) database and a comparison of urban versus rural temperature changes with decadal population data. The relation of the urban versus rural minimum temperatures (Tminu-r) to population changes is pronounced and non-linear over time for both cities. The Tmaxu-r data show no well-defined temporal trends.Corresponding Author:
Anthony Brazel
Arizona State University
[email protected]
The Function of Discourse Particles: A Study with Special Reference to Spoken French, Maj-Britt Mosegaard Hansen, Amsterdam et Philadelphie, John Benjamins Publishing Company, 1998, X + 420 pages
Get PDFL’anticipation d’objections : prolepse, concession et réfutation dans la langue spontanée
No full textDialect Topography of Québec City English
No full textAbstract
Québec City has had an anglophone community for 250 years. A representative sample of this community was surveyed using the methods known as Dialect Topography. The analysis establishes the distinctiveness of Québec City English but at the same time shows that it is firmly planted in the Canadian English speech community. It is shown that there are significant correlations with three social factors: (1) Language Use Index, which allows a calculation of the extent of each respondent’s use of English in the francophone setting; (2) age, the principal correlate of changes in progress; and (3) Regionality Index, which separates indigènes, the natives of the region, from interlopers, recent arrivals. Although the results show that the distinctiveness may be threatened by the persistence of interloper variants, in most respects Québec City English favours the same variants as the rest of Canada, albeit with different frequencies and often with a unique historical development.</jats:p
L’anticipation d’objections : prolepse, concession et réfutation dans la langue spontanée
Get PDFCette étude porte sur la prolepse, la concession et la réfutation lorsque ces procédés sont utilisés pour minimiser ou rejeter, par anticipation, la portée argumentative d’un contre-argument potentiel. Nous cherchons à cerner les caractéristiques, fondamentalement diaphoniques, d’un domaine productif de l’argumentation, celui de la prévention explicite d’une objection éventuelle de l’interlocuteur. Dans un premier temps, nous situons la prolepse, la concession et la réfutation l’une par rapport à l’autre. Nous concluons que la prolepse est une stratégie argumentative à quatre constituants qui doit être analysée comme l’expression des tensions subies par le locuteur pour construire un discours cohérent avec son univers de croyance et une relation acceptable avec son interlocuteur.This study examines the processes of prolepsis, concession and refutation when they serve to minimize or reject, by anticipation, the argumentative force of a potential counter-argument. Our goal is to determine the characteristics, fundamentally diaphonic, of a productive aspect of argumentation, namely the explicit prevention of an objection which may be produced by the interlocutor. We first discern the relationship between prolepsis, concession and refutation. We conclude that prolepsis is a four-part argumentative strategy which must be analyzed as the expression of the tension to which speakers are subjected during the construction of a text coherent with their belief system and of an acceptable relationship with their interlocutor
The Effect of Music Instruction on Bilingual Early Language Acquisition
Get PDFElements of music and chant may support speech and language learning and acquisition in children, including those learning two or more languages. Caregivers across cultures, as children’s primary teachers, have been utilizing songs (e.g. nursery rhymes) to indirectly teach children language, for centuries. The author used two case studies to examine the effect of a 7-week short-term music course on the early-language acquisition of bilingual toddlers. One child’s caregivers spoke both Chinese and English in the home, and the other’s spoke Gujarati and English in the home. Language was assessed at the beginning of the study and then again after 8-weeks. One child and caregiver participated in a child-centered music course, and the other child and caregiver did not. The results from the toddler who participated in a short-term music course support positive effects in the areas of pragmatics, gesture, play, language comprehension, language expression, vocabulary (receptive and expressive), and phonology (phonemes and syllable shapes). Further investigation is warranted
Epictetus on speech: The argument
No full textThis thesis consists of a critical text, translation and running commentary on Epictetus II.23 which is entitled On the faculty of speech. In this diatribe, Epictetus discusses the proper role of speech, rhetoric and logic in the philosophical life. The commentary attempts to elucidate Epictetus' views, to show how he himself employs rhetoric and to make clear the principles of Stoic physics and ethics which underlie the text.Made available in DSpace on 2011-05-07T13:08:04Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2
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Berufsideal und moderner Arbeitsmarkt: Die Modernisierung des Arbeitsmarktes und ihre Konsequenzen für die berufsförmige Erwerbstätigkeit
Get PDFThe post-doctoral thesis examines if and how changes to the job market influence occupational structures, creating increasing numbers of precarious forms of employment. The author uses the occupation examples hairdresser and beautician to examine the genesis of beauty care professions, their societal and social positioning, the current training regulations and organisation and the life situation of employed professionals. The vocational research results show that guilds and trade associations show too little interest in changed work situations. Instead, trade associations align their policies with traditional trade structures, which poses a direct conflict with the work and life situations of most of these professionals. This conclusion is exemplary for the entire trade, which suffers in particular due to the changes in the job market, demographic change and the lack of skilled workers.Die Habilitationsschrift untersucht, ob und wie Veränderungen auf dem Arbeitsmarkt Berufsstrukturen so beeinflussen, dass vermehrt prekäre Beschäftigungsformen entstehen. Am Beispiel der Berufe Friseur/-in und Kosmetiker/-in betrachtet der Autor die Genese der Körperpflegeberufe, ihre gesellschaftliche und soziale Verankerung, die aktuelle Ausbildungsordnung und -organisation sowie die Lebenssituationen der Beschäftigten. Ergebnis der berufswissenschaftlichen Forschungsarbeit ist, dass die Innungen und Fachverbände zu wenig auf die veränderten Arbeitssituationen eingehen. Vielmehr orientieren die Berufsverbände ihre Politik an traditionellen Handwerksstrukturen, was im Widerspruch zur Arbeits- und Lebenssituation der meisten Beschäftigten steht. Dieses Fazit steht exemplarisch für das gesamte Handwerk, das besonders an den Veränderungen des Arbeitsmarktes, dem demografischen Wandel und dem Fachkräftemangel leidet
