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    Adduct formation of some tris (N, N dialkyl-di thiocarbamato) Cr(III) complexes with iodine

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    Spectrophotometric studies of dichloromethane solutions containing iodine and some Cr(S2CNR2)3 complexes (where R2NCS-2 are: OC4H8NCS-2 = modtc; (C2H5)2NCS-2 = Et2dtc; (C6H5CH2)2NCS-2 = Bz2dtc) have shown the formation of 1:1 adducts whose spectral features were studied and which suggested that charge-transfer interaction involving iodine and a sulphur atom of a coordinated dithiocarbamato ligand occurred. A new BASIC non-linear least-squares program which performs an optimization of the absorbance data taken at several wavelengths was devised to evaluate reliable formation constants. The thermodynamic parameters have been calculated and compared with those obtained in the same conditions as above by a reinvestigation of the known 1:1 complex formation of iodine with the corresponding tetraalkylthiuram-disulphides, where the donor site is also the sulphur atom of the thiocarbonyl group. The -ΔH° values related to the Cr(dtc)3 · I2 complexes are about 2 kcal lower than those of thiuram disulphides, showing a lowering of the donor strength of the thiocarbonyl sulphur as a consequence of the coordination to the metal. © 1984

    Noble-metals recovery from printed circuit boards: a multidisciplinary approach towards sustainability

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    A robust database of the noble metals (NM) content of different classes of Printed Circuit Boards (PCB) was build through an accurate characterization of samples of different origin, underwent mechanical comminution and representative sampling, by ICP-AES quantitative chemical analysis, to work as reference for researcher and companies interested in waste valorisation. The results identified RAM and mobile phone’s PCB as the “richest” classes of PCB, while TV PCB as the “poorest” in term of NM content. On these basis, a sustainable three-step NM recovery method, previously set-up on a finely shredded WEEE sample deprived by non-metallic and ferrous materials, was applied on a coarse sample of shredded RAM boards provided by companies, as a case study. Preliminary results highlighted that good NM recovery yields (from 65% to quantitative) and limited by-products formation could be achieved, despite a huge amount of composite materials was present in the mixture. Nevertheless, 10- times increased leaching times found for copper dissolution suggested that improved mechanical pretreatments might increase leaching effectiveness

    On the anomalous magnetic properties of tris(diselenocarbamato)iron(III) compounds

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    An extended magnetic investigation of a series of pseudo-octahedral [Fe(Se2CNR2)3] compounds [R2 = piperidino, morpholino, thiomorpholino, Bu2, Et2, (PhCH2)2, (C6H13)2, and MePh] has been made at 90-400 K. Diamagnetic compounds not containing iron, Se(Se2CNEt2)2, Se[Se2CN(CH2Ph)2]2, and (Se2CNMePh)2, have also been isolated and their presence could explain the previously reported low-spin classification of [Fe(Se2CNR2)3] compounds. The reported measurements demonstrate that the magnetic behaviour of these compounds is anomalous, the μ values generally ranging between the limiting values typical for 6A1 and 2T2 states. Treatment of the experimental values by means of van Vleck's equation has enabled the evaluation of the crossover parameters, and a full comparison with the dithiocarbamate derivatives is made. The influence of the substituents on the nitrogen of the ligand on the position of the spin equilibrium is discussed

    Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis

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    The present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
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