1,720,969 research outputs found
Accessibility and rurality indicators for regional development
Full text linkThe development of a region is affected, inter alia, by concepts linked to the ability to efficiently displace and reach other locations (accessibility) and to lagging economic conditions
connected to contemporary countryside activities (rurality). These topics and their relationships have
attracted the interest of scholars who have scrutinised the implications of accessibility and rurality for
policy making and planning.
The aim of this paper is to contribute to the theoretical modelling of accessibility and rurality and to develop an empirical study of their spatial patterns, with reference to the municipalities of the Region
of Sardinia, Italy. We study accessibility through an indicator constructed by means of a double
constrained spatial interaction model, and propose the Composite Index of Rurality that aims to
evaluate rurality in a regional setting employing multivariate analysis. We investigate the spatial
dependence of these indicators through general and local spatial autocorrelation analysis in order to verify the hypothesis that scarcely accessible spatial units are classifiable as rural areas
Planning land-use change for biomass-fuelled energy-production plants: spatial analyses applied to the case of Sardinia, Italy
No full textLand-use change in Sardinia is a delicate problem. On the one hand, the Regional Landscape Plan, the main landscape-planning tool adopted on the island, pays great attention to landscape protection, using strict constraints and directives for land management. On the other hand, the Regional Energy Plan aims at the diversification of energy sources and, in particular, of renewable energy sources (RES). Actions directed to the development of RES-based energy production may lead to conflicts between the two plans, especially when the associated land-use changes affect landscapes. The aim of this study is to present a decision-support method for the development of a biomass supply chain that does not compromise landscape values in Sardinia
Spatial organisation and accessibility: a study of U.S. counties
No full textThe aim of spatial autocorrelation is to inspect the organisation and structure of spatial phenomena. This statistical method allows one to scrutinise spatial patterns and relationships that generate relevant phenomena in territories under consideration. In fact, spatial phenomena are often self-determining and may positively or negatively influence adjacent units. Autocorrelation analysis pinpoints the mutual influence among spatial units as well as any polarising effect around a specific area.
In this manuscript we use spatial autocorrelation analysis to scrutinise the level of spatial dependency of accessibility for commuters in continental U.S. counties on the theoretical basis described above. Counties’ accessibility is computed according to gravity theory (spatial interaction models with impedance function obeying to exponential and power decay impendence functions). The scope of our study is to understand if space influences counties’ accessibility. We first apply global and local univariate spatial autocorrelation analysis in order to test the hypothesis that counties with higher accessibility positively influence adjacent counties. Finally we test whether accessibility is spatially correlated with socio-demographic variables, such as residential population and income per capita. We develop a bivariate autocorrelation analysis to assess spatial dependencies between U.S, counties’ accessibility and socio-economic variables both at the global and at the local level
Going Beyond Counting First Authors in Author Co-citation Analysis
Full text linkThe present study examines one of the fundamental aspects of author co-citation analysis (ACA) - the way co-citation
counts are defined. Co-citation counting provides the data on which all subsequent statistical analyses and mappings
are based, and we compare ACA results based on two different types of co-citation counting - the traditional type that
only counts the first one among a cited work's authors on the one hand and a non-traditional type that takes into
account the first 5 authors of a cited work on the other hand. Results indicate that the picture produced through this non-traditional author co-citation counting contains more coherent author groups and is therefore considerably clearer. However, this picture represents fewer specialties in the research field being studied than that produced through the traditional first-author co-citation counting when the same number of top-ranked authors is selected and analyzed. Reasons for these effects are discussed
Variations on the Author
Full text link“Variations on the Author” discusses two of Eduardo Coutinho’s recent films (Um Dia na Vida, from 2010, and Últimas Conversas, posthumously released in 2015) and their contribution to the general question of documentary authorship. The director’s filmography is characterized by a consistent yet self-effacing form of authorial self-inscription: Coutinho often features as an interviewer that rather than express opinions propels discourses; an interviewer that is good at listening. This mode of self-inscription characterizes him as an author who is not expressive but who is nonetheless markedly present on the screen. In Um Dia na Vida, however, Coutinho is completely absent form the image, while Últimas Conversas, on the contrary, includes a confessional prologue that moves the director from the margins to the center of his films. This article examines the ways in which these works stand out in the filmography of a director who offers new insights into the notion of cinematic authorship
Appropriate Similarity Measures for Author Cocitation Analysis
Full text linkWe provide a number of new insights into the methodological discussion about author cocitation analysis. We first argue that the use of the Pearson correlation for measuring the similarity between authors’ cocitation profiles is not very satisfactory. We then discuss what kind of similarity measures may be used as an alternative to the Pearson correlation. We consider three similarity measures in particular. One is the well-known cosine. The other two similarity measures have not been used before in the bibliometric literature. Finally, we show by means of an example that our findings have a high practical relevance.information science;Pearson correlation;cosine;similarity measure;author cocitation analysis
Accessibility, rurality and remoteness: an investigation on the Island of Sardinia, Italy
No full textThe dichotomy between rural and urban settings has been used by census systems across the world in order to distinguish areas with high density population from areas with low density and where the primary occupation
is connected to the agricultural sector. In this paper we study the level of
accessibility, remoteness and rurality for municipalities in Sardinia, Italy.
We apply a spatial analysis by means of indicators, such as accessibility for
commuters (De Montis, Caschili and Chessa, 2011), the index of relative
rurality, the metropolitan-rural interface levels (Waldorf, 2006) and the rurality-
remoteness combined classification (Dijkstra and Poelman, 2008).
We investigate whether accessibility shows a similar spatial pattern,
with respect to remoteness and rurality, and thus we provide an analysis of
the Sardinian setting that is of help for policy-makers and planners to understand
some of the relevant regional and urban factors that have driven recent developments
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